Mood: mood
Mood is a feature that expresses modality and subclassifies finite verb forms.
Ind: indicative
The indicative can be considered the default mood. A verb in indicative merely states that something happens, has happened or will happen, without adding any attitude of the speaker.
Examples
- Ты учишься в университете. “You study at the university.”
Imp: imperative
The speaker uses imperative to order or ask the addressee to do the action of the verb.
Czech verbs (except for modal verbs) have imperative forms of the second person singular, first person plural and second person plural.
Examples
- Учись в университете! “Study at the university!”
Cnd: conditional
The conditional mood is used to express actions that would have taken place under some circumstances but they actually did not / do not happen.
Russian has present conditional and past conditional, both formed periphrastically using
the past participle of the content verb, and a special form of the auxiliary verb
бы. The special form is historically aorist tense, but the tense does not exist
in modern Russian, so the auxiliary form is better described by Mood=Cnd.
The past participle of the content verb is not marked as conditional because it can also be used in past indicative.
Examples
- Если бы я был умным, учился бы в университете. “If I were smart I would study at the university.”
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 2 different values: Imp, Ind.
5307 tokens (6%) have a non-empty value of Mood.
2284 types (8%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
1293 lemmas (8%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: ru-pos/VERB (4416; 5% instances), ru-pos/AUX (891; 1% instances).
VERB
4416 ru-pos/VERB tokens (60% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Mood co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (4416; 100%), Case=EMPTY (4416; 100%), Animacy=EMPTY (4416; 100%), Variant=EMPTY (4416; 100%), Number=Sing (3309; 75%), Voice=EMPTY (3172; 72%), Aspect=Imp (2776; 63%), Tense=Past (2655; 60%), Person=EMPTY (2655; 60%), Gender=EMPTY (2376; 54%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Imp(27; 1% of non-emptyMood): см., Come, Join, Create, Raise, Ram, Shoot, pass, peek, БудьInd(4389; 99% of non-emptyMood): составляет, может, получил, находится, входит, родился, имеет, есть, было, началEMPTY(2887): можно, нет, расположен, быть, назначен, основана, награждён, основан, включая, начиная
| Paradigm БЫТЬ | Ind | Imp |
|---|---|---|
| Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past | был | |
| Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Past | была | |
| Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Past | было | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2 | Будь | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut | будет | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres | есть, е. | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres | есть | |
| Number=Plur|Tense=Past | были |
Mood seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 99% lemmas (1277) occur only with one value of Mood.
AUX
891 ru-pos/AUX tokens (89% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Mood co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (891; 100%), Aspect=Imp (785; 88%), Voice=EMPTY (751; 84%), Person=EMPTY (735; 82%), Tense=Past (735; 82%), Number=Sing (725; 81%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Imp(1; 0% of non-emptyMood): StayInd(890; 100% of non-emptyMood): был, было, были, была, является, стал, будет, являются, стала, сталоEMPTY(112): это, быть, будучи, стать, став, назначен, ставшие, считать, оставаясь, –
Mood seems to be lexical feature of AUX. 100% lemmas (32) occur only with one value of Mood.
Relations with Agreement in Mood
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Mood:
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (480; 81%),
VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (183; 75%),
VERB –[ccomp]–> VERB (107; 63%),
VERB –[acl:relcl]–> VERB (10; 59%),
VERB –[csubj]–> VERB (4; 80%),
VERB –[appos]–> VERB (2; 67%),
VERB –[orphan]–> VERB (1; 100%).
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: Cnd, Imp, Ind.
79428 tokens (8%) have a non-empty value of Mood.
16763 types (16%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
4598 lemmas (11%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
The feature is used with 4 part-of-speech tags: ru-pos/VERB (70244; 7% instances), ru-pos/AUX (6570; 1% instances), ru-pos/PART (1384; 0% instances), ru-pos/SCONJ (1230; 0% instances).
VERB
70244 ru-pos/VERB tokens (63% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Mood co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (70244; 100%), Case=EMPTY (70244; 100%), Voice=Act (51420; 73%), Number=Sing (46943; 67%), Gender=EMPTY (46569; 66%), Aspect=Imp (44753; 64%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Imp(865; 1% of non-emptyMood): см., давайте, давай, представьте, дай, извините, иди, Помогите, живи, смотриInd(69379; 99% of non-emptyMood): может, есть, нет, могут, было, является, стал, говорит, сказал, сталоEMPTY(40497): быть, сделать, сказать, делать, говорить, работать, получить, стать, говоря, иметь
| Paradigm быть | Ind | Imp |
|---|---|---|
| Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past | был | |
| Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Past | была | |
| Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Past | было | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2 | будь | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres | есть, будет, е. | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres | будем, есть | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres | есть, будут | |
| Number=Plur|Tense=Past | были |
Mood seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 94% lemmas (4302) occur only with one value of Mood.
AUX
6570 ru-pos/AUX tokens (90% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Mood co-occurred: Aspect=Imp (6570; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (6570; 100%), Voice=Act (6570; 100%), Number=Sing (4882; 74%), Tense=Past (4686; 71%), Person=EMPTY (4686; 71%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Imp(23; 0% of non-emptyMood): будь, будьтеInd(6547; 100% of non-emptyMood): было, был, были, будет, была, будут, есть, будем, буду, будетеEMPTY(696): быть, будучи, бывшие, бывший, бывшем
| Paradigm быть | Ind | Imp |
|---|---|---|
| Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past | был | |
| Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Past | была | |
| Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Past | было | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres | буду, есть | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres | будешь | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2 | будь | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres | будет, есть | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres | будем | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres | будете, есть | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2 | будьте | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres | будут, есть, суть | |
| Number=Plur|Tense=Past | были |
PART
1384 ru-pos/PART tokens (4% of all PART tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
PART tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Cnd(1384; 100% of non-emptyMood): бы, бEMPTY(30624): не, и, же, только, даже, вот, ли, лишь, именно, это
SCONJ
1230 ru-pos/SCONJ tokens (7% of all SCONJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
SCONJ tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Cnd(1230; 100% of non-emptyMood): чтобы, чтобEMPTY(17224): что, как, если, когда, то, чем, хотя, поскольку, пока, ведь
Relations with Agreement in Mood
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Mood:
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (9440; 90%),
VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (2753; 79%),
VERB –[ccomp]–> VERB (466; 61%),
VERB –[advmod]–> VERB (100; 67%),
VERB –[appos]–> VERB (18; 100%),
VERB –[cc]–> VERB (13; 93%),
AUX –[cop]–> AUX (7; 100%),
VERB –[acl:relcl]–> VERB (3; 60%),
AUX –[aux:pass]–> AUX (2; 100%),
VERB –[flat:name]–> VERB (2; 100%).
Mood in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]