Mood: mood
Mood
Mood is a feature that expresses modality and subclassifies finite verb forms. In Bulgarian there are three moods: Indicative, Imperative and Conditional.
Ind: indicative
The indicative can be considered the default mood. A verb in indicative merely states that something happens, has happened or will happen, without adding any attitude of the speaker. Indicative covers all the 9 tenses and their passive forms in Bulgarian. It also covers the evidential forms.
Examples
- Следвам право в университета. / Sledvam pravo v universiteta “I study law at the University”.
- Той беше ходил в САЩ много пъти. / Toy beshe hodil v SASHT mnogo pati “He had been to the USA many times”.
Imp: imperative
The speaker uses imperative to order or ask the addressee to do the action of the verb. The forms in Bulgarian are synthetic.
Examples
- Купете хляб и сирене! / Kupete hlyab i sirene “Buy some bread and cheese!”
- Подай ми солта, моля! / Poday mi solta, molya “Pass me the salt, please!”
Cnd: conditional
The conditional mood is used to express actions that might happen under certain circumstances or that would have taken place but they actually did not / do not happen. It usually presupposes volition. The forms in Bulgarian are analytic.
Examples
- Бих дошъл, ако ме поканиш. / Bih doshal, ako me pokanish “I would come if you invite me.”
- Бих дошъл, ако имах възможност. / Bih doshal, ako imah vazmozhnost “I would come if I could.”
- Би трябвало добре да се подготвим за срещата. / Bi tryabvalo dobre da se podgotvim za sreshtata “We should prepare very well for the meeting.”
Treebank Statistics (UD_Bulgarian)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: Cnd, Imp, Ind.
16999 tokens (12%) have a non-empty value of Mood.
4922 types (20%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
2393 lemmas (17%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: bg-pos/VERB (13083; 9% instances), bg-pos/AUX (3916; 3% instances).
VERB
13083 bg-pos/VERB tokens (84% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Mood co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (13070; 100%), Definite=EMPTY (13068; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (13068; 100%), Voice=Act (12832; 98%), Person=3 (10650; 81%), Number=Sing (9192; 70%), Tense=Pres (8879; 68%), Aspect=Imp (7580; 58%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Cnd(27; 0% of non-emptyMood): биImp(224; 2% of non-emptyMood): виж, опитай, Кажи, Прочети, вж., вземи, дай, ела, иди, върниInd(12832; 98% of non-emptyMood): има, може, няма, трябва, е, каза, могат, съобщи, заяви, станаEMPTY(2409): имало, дал, заминал, искал, направил, направили, трябвало, имал, станал, станало
| Paradigm съм | Ind | Cnd |
|---|---|---|
| Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | бил | |
| Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | била | |
| Definite=Ind|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | било | |
| Definite=Ind|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | били | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | бях | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | съм | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | си | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin | би | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | беше, бе | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | е | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | сме | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | бяхте | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | бяха | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | са |
Mood seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 95% lemmas (2280) occur only with one value of Mood.
AUX
3916 bg-pos/AUX tokens (50% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Mood co-occurred: Voice=Act (3816; 97%), VerbForm=Fin (3705; 95%), Aspect=Imp (3586; 92%), Person=3 (3342; 85%), Tense=Pres (3029; 77%), Number=Sing (2795; 71%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Cnd(100; 3% of non-emptyMood): би, бих, биха, бихте, бихмеInd(3816; 97% of non-emptyMood): е, са, бе, бъде, беше, бяха, съм, бъдат, сме, билEMPTY(3986): да, ще, е, бъдат, са, беше, бъде, съм
Relations with Agreement in Mood
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Mood:
VERB –[ccomp]–> VERB (1238; 76%),
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (1114; 86%),
VERB –[advcl]–> VERB (888; 79%),
VERB –[xcomp]–> VERB (523; 82%),
VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (245; 70%),
VERB –[csubj]–> VERB (119; 78%),
VERB –[csubj:pass]–> VERB (31; 57%),
VERB –[nsubj]–> VERB (2; 100%).
Mood in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]