Mood: mood
In English, Mood is a feature of finite verbs. It is used to express modality and further subclassify finite verb forms.
Ind: indicative
The indicative can be considered the default mood. A verb in indicative merely states that something happens, has happened or will happen, without adding any attitude of the speaker.
Examples
- He makes a sandwich.
Imp: imperative
The speaker uses imperative to order or ask the addressee to do the action of the verb.
Examples
- Make a sandwich!
Sub: subjunctive
The subjunctive mood is used under certain circumstances in subordinate clauses, typically for actions that are subjective or otherwise uncertain such as expressing an opinion or describing one’s state of mind. It is also used to make statements contrary to fact.
- I suggest that he see a doctor.
- If I were rich…
(Note that there is currently no reliable way of identifying subjunctive verbs in an automatic way and therefore we currently also mark present subjunctive verbs as infinitives and past subjunctive verbs as past indicative verbs.)
Treebank Statistics (UD_English)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 2 different values: Imp, Ind.
18690 tokens (8%) have a non-empty value of Mood.
1910 types (11%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
1044 lemmas (7%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: en-pos/VERB (10305; 4% instances), en-pos/AUX (8385; 4% instances).
VERB
10305 en-pos/VERB tokens (40% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Mood co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (10305; 100%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Imp(1282; 12% of non-emptyMood): let, go, see, take, try, get, make, put, keep, giveInd(9023; 88% of non-emptyMood): have, is, had, said, has, are, need, want, was, thinkEMPTY(15540): have, get, know, do, going, go, make, take, see, like
| Paradigm have | Ind | Imp |
|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres | has, haves | |
| Tense=Past | had | |
| Tense=Pres | have | |
| have |
AUX
8385 en-pos/AUX tokens (61% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Mood co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (8385; 100%), Tense=Pres (6211; 74%), Number=Sing (4707; 56%), Person=3 (4371; 52%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Imp(123; 1% of non-emptyMood): do, be, getInd(8262; 99% of non-emptyMood): is, was, are, have, do, has, were, ‘s, am, didEMPTY(5467): be, will, can, would, been, could, should, may, ‘ll, being
| Paradigm be | Ind | Imp |
|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past | was | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres | am | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past | was | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres | is, 's, s, ’s, ai | |
| Number=Sing|Tense=Past | was | |
| Tense=Past | were | |
| Tense=Pres | are, 'm, 're, m, r, re, ai, ’m, is | |
| be |
Relations with Agreement in Mood
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Mood:
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (929; 60%),
AUX –[cop]–> AUX (2; 100%),
VERB –[list]–> VERB (2; 67%),
AUX –[parataxis]–> VERB (2; 100%),
AUX –[aux]–> AUX (1; 100%),
VERB –[compound:prt]–> VERB (1; 100%).
Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ParTUT)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: Imp, Ind, Sub.
2820 tokens (7%) have a non-empty value of Mood.
708 types (11%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
480 lemmas (9%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: en-pos/AUX (1493; 4% instances), en-pos/VERB (1327; 3% instances).
AUX
1493 en-pos/AUX tokens (83% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Mood co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (1493; 100%), Person=3 (1130; 76%), Tense=Pres (1016; 68%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Imp(3; 0% of non-emptyMood): Will, can, doInd(1479; 99% of non-emptyMood): is, are, was, has, would, have, should, were, can, willSub(11; 1% of non-emptyMood): beEMPTY(313): be, been, have, being, had, having, can, shall
| Paradigm be | Ind | Sub |
|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres | am, 'm | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past | were | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres | are | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past | was | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres | is, 's | |
| Number=Plur|Tense=Past | were | |
| Number=Plur|Tense=Pres | are, 're | |
| Person=3|Tense=Pres | be |
VERB
1327 en-pos/VERB tokens (37% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Mood co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (1326; 100%), Person=3 (902; 68%), Tense=Pres (794; 60%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Imp(27; 2% of non-emptyMood): Create, Let, click, Adjust, Choose, Connect, Deepen, Find, Imagine, KeepInd(1298; 98% of non-emptyMood): is, has, have, wrote, had, are, know, became, need, beganSub(2; 0% of non-emptyMood): be, expressEMPTY(2273): like, make, including, based, made, given, take, ensure, have, taken
| Paradigm be | Ind | Sub |
|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past | was | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres | is, 's | |
| Number=Plur|Tense=Past | were | |
| Number=Plur|Tense=Pres | are | |
| Person=3|Tense=Pres | be |
Mood seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 96% lemmas (458) occur only with one value of Mood.
Relations with Agreement in Mood
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Mood:
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (86; 51%),
AUX –[conj]–> AUX (2; 100%),
VERB –[goeswith]–> VERB (1; 100%).
Mood in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]