Mood: mood
Mood is a feature that expresses modality and subclassifies finite verb forms. It is an inflectional feature of auxiliaries and verbs.
Ind: indicative
The indicative can be considered the default mood. A verb in indicative merely states that something happens, has happened or will happen, without adding any attitude of the speaker.
Examples
- Govorim angleško in francosko. “I speak English and French.”
- Proslava bo naslednji petek. “The celebration will take place next Friday.”
Imp: imperative
The speaker uses imperative to order or ask the addressee to do the action of the verb.
Examples
- Pomij posodo! “Wash the dishes.”
- Poglejmo, kaj ste naredili. “Let’s have a look at what you have done.”
- Pospravite ta nered. “Clean up this mess!”
Cnd: conditional
Generally, the conditional mood is used to express actions that would have taken place under some circumstances but they actually did not / do not happen. In Slovenian, present and past conditional are formed using the participle of the content verb and a special conditional form of the auxiliary verb biti “to be”. Thus, only this form is marked as Cnd, regardless of whether it is used to form a conditional or any other type of modality.
Examples
- Če bi se več učil, bi naredil izpit. “If I had studied more, I would have passed the exam.”
- Da bi preglasil njihov pogovor, sem prižgal radio. “To drown out their conversation, I turned on the radio.”
- Roparji naj bi pobrali prav vse. “The robbers are supposed to have taken everything.”
- Naslednji petek bi prišli k vam na obisk. “We are thinking of visiting you next Friday.”
Conversion from JOS
All verbs with VForm=present and VForm=future are converted to Mood=Ind, all verbs with VForm=imperative are converted to Mood=Imp and all verbs with VForm=conditional are converted to Mood=Cnd. The non-finite verb forms (participle, infinitive, supine) do not have any Mood.
Treebank Statistics (UD_Slovenian)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: Cnd, Imp, Ind.
13835 tokens (11%) have a non-empty value of Mood.
2535 types (9%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
1311 lemmas (8%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: sl-pos/AUX (8251; 7% instances), sl-pos/VERB (5584; 4% instances).
AUX
8251 sl-pos/AUX tokens (92% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Mood co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (8251; 100%), Polarity=Pos (6890; 84%), Tense=Pres (6559; 79%), Person=3 (6511; 79%), Number=Sing (5063; 61%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Cnd(796; 10% of non-emptyMood): bi, bImp(8; 0% of non-emptyMood): bodite, BodiInd(7447; 90% of non-emptyMood): je, so, bo, ni, sem, bodo, sta, smo, niso, bomoEMPTY(698): bil, bila, bilo, bili, biti, bile
VERB
5584 sl-pos/VERB tokens (43% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Mood co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (5584; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (5584; 100%), Tense=Pres (5245; 94%), Person=3 (4123; 74%), Number=Sing (3291; 59%), Aspect=Imp (3096; 55%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Cnd(1; 0% of non-emptyMood): biImp(255; 5% of non-emptyMood): dodajte, Ugotovimo, dajte, pazite, denimo, poglejmo, poskusite, povej, pozabite, recimoInd(5328; 95% of non-emptyMood): je, ima, ni, gre, imajo, bo, so, mora, pomeni, zdiEMPTY(7447): bilo, bila, imel, moral, morali, povedal, imeli, bil, imela, morala
| Paradigm biti | Ind | Cnd |
|---|---|---|
| Aspect=Imp|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres | bijejo | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres | nisem | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Fut | bom | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | sem | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres | nisi | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | si | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres | ni | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Fut | bo | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | je | |
| Number=Dual|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | Sva | |
| Number=Dual|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | sta | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres | nismo | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | smo | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres | niste | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Fut | boste | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | ste | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres | niso | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Fut | bodo | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | so | |
| bi |
Mood seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 91% lemmas (1190) occur only with one value of Mood.
Relations with Agreement in Mood
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Mood:
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (405; 74%),
VERB –[fixed]–> VERB (1; 100%),
AUX –[conj]–> VERB (1; 100%).
Treebank Statistics (UD_Slovenian-SST)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: Cnd, Imp, Ind.
2839 tokens (15%) have a non-empty value of Mood.
575 types (13%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
344 lemmas (11%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Mood.
The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: sl-pos/VERB (1652; 8% instances), sl-pos/AUX (1187; 6% instances).
VERB
1652 sl-pos/VERB tokens (64% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Mood co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (1652; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (1652; 100%), Tense=Pres (1459; 88%), Number=Sing (1171; 71%), Polarity=EMPTY (1153; 70%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Cnd(7; 0% of non-emptyMood): biImp(138; 8% of non-emptyMood): recimo, daj, glej, čakaj, gremo, poglejte, povej, požri, čakajte, povejteInd(1507; 91% of non-emptyMood): je, veš, vem, mislim, ni, so, ima, bo, gre, imamoEMPTY(929): bilo, bil, imela, imel, imeli, rekel, bila, rekli, rekla, šla
| Paradigm biti | Ind | Cnd |
|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres | nisem | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Fut | bom | |
| Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | sem | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Fut | boš | |
| Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | si | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres | ni | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Fut | bo | |
| Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | je | |
| Number=Dual|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Fut | bova | |
| Number=Dual|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | sva | |
| Number=Dual|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Fut | bosta | |
| Number=Dual|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | sta | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres | nismo | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Fut | bomo | |
| Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | smo | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres | niste | |
| Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | ste | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres | niso | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Fut | bodo, bojo | |
| Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres | so | |
| bi |
Mood seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 93% lemmas (321) occur only with one value of Mood.
AUX
1187 sl-pos/AUX tokens (94% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Mood.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Mood co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (1187; 100%), Polarity=Pos (1017; 86%), Tense=Pres (939; 79%), Number=Sing (765; 64%), Person=3 (730; 61%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Mood:
Cnd(95; 8% of non-emptyMood): biImp(2; 0% of non-emptyMood): boditeInd(1090; 92% of non-emptyMood): je, so, sem, smo, bo, ni, si, bomo, ste, bomEMPTY(80): bil, bila, bilo, bili, biti
Relations with Agreement in Mood
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Mood:
VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (135; 54%),
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (88; 72%),
VERB –[advcl]–> VERB (62; 64%),
VERB –[ccomp]–> VERB (58; 50%),
VERB –[parataxis:discourse]–> VERB (47; 53%),
VERB –[reparandum]–> VERB (28; 88%),
AUX –[reparandum]–> VERB (2; 100%),
VERB –[dislocated]–> VERB (2; 67%),
AUX –[reparandum]–> AUX (1; 100%).
Mood in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]