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Animacy: animacy

Similarly to Gender, animacy is a lexical feature of nouns and inflectional feature of other parts of speech that mark agreement with nouns. It is independent of gender, therefore it is encoded separately in some tagsets (e.g. all the Multext-East tagsets).

Anim: animate

Human beings, animals, fictional characters, names of professions etc. are all animate. Even nouns that are normally inanimate can be inflected as animate if they are personified. For instance, consider a children’s story about cars where cars live and talk as people; then the cars may become and be inflected as animates.

PDT examples of masculine animate nouns:

Inan: inanimate

Nouns that are not animate are inanimate.

RNC (Russian National Corpus) examples of masculine inanimate nouns:


Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Anim, Inan.

45802 tokens (52%) have a non-empty value of Animacy. 24089 types (88%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. 14664 lemmas (85%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. The feature is used with 8 part-of-speech tags: ru-pos/NOUN (24010; 27% instances), ru-pos/ADJ (10848; 12% instances), ru-pos/PROPN (6294; 7% instances), ru-pos/VERB (1813; 2% instances), ru-pos/DET (1088; 1% instances), ru-pos/NUM (906; 1% instances), ru-pos/PRON (818; 1% instances), ru-pos/AUX (25; 0% instances).

NOUN

24010 ru-pos/NOUN tokens (100% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (18071; 75%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm ЧЕЛОВЕКAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Singчеловека
Case=Acc|Number=Plurлюдей
Case=Dat|Number=Singчеловеку
Case=Dat|Number=Plurлюдям
Case=Gen|Number=Singчеловека
Case=Gen|Number=Plurчеловек, людейчеловек
Case=Ins|Number=Singчеловеком
Case=Ins|Number=Plurлюдьми
Case=Nom|Number=Singчеловек
Case=Nom|Number=Plurлюди, человек

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of NOUN. 99% lemmas (5848) occur only with one value of Animacy.

ADJ

10848 ru-pos/ADJ tokens (100% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (8421; 78%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm ЙAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singй
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singю
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singе
Case=Acc|Number=Plurе
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Singму
Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Singй
Case=Dat|Number=Plurм
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singгого
Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Singй
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Singго
Case=Gen|Number=Plurх
Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Singимм
Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Number=Singй
Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singм
Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singй
Case=Loc|Number=Plurх
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singй
Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Singя
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Singе
Case=Nom|Number=Plurе

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of ADJ. 92% lemmas (3196) occur only with one value of Animacy.

PROPN

6294 ru-pos/PROPN tokens (100% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (6083; 97%), Gender=Masc (4363; 69%).

PROPN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm ДЕAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Mascде
Case=Gen|Gender=Mascде
Case=Ins|Gender=Mascде
Case=Ins|Gender=Femде
Case=Loc|Gender=MascдеДе
Case=Nom|Gender=Mascде
Case=Nom|Gender=Neutде

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of PROPN. 99% lemmas (4363) occur only with one value of Animacy.

VERB

1813 ru-pos/VERB tokens (25% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Animacy co-occurred: VerbForm=Part (1813; 100%), Person=EMPTY (1813; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (1813; 100%), Tense=Past (1449; 80%), Aspect=Perf (1367; 75%), Voice=Pass (1295; 71%), Number=Sing (1243; 69%), Case=Nom (1187; 65%), Variant=EMPTY (993; 55%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm ИМЕТЬAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Presимеющей
Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Presимеющему
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Presимеющего
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Tense=Pastимевших
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Tense=Presимеющих
Case=Ins|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Presимеющим
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Presимеющий
Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pastимевшая
Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Presимеющая
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Tense=Presимеющие

DET

1088 ru-pos/DET tokens (78% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Animacy co-occurred: Person=EMPTY (1043; 96%), Reflex=EMPTY (867; 80%), Number=Sing (738; 68%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm ЭТОТAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтогоэтот
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэту
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singэто
Case=Acc|Number=PlurЭтихэти
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтому
Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэтой
Case=Dat|Number=Plurэтимэтим
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтого
Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэтой, это
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Singэтого
Case=Gen|Number=Plurэтихэтих
Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтим
Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэтой
Case=Ins|Gender=Neut|Number=SingЭтим
Case=Ins|Number=Plurэтимиэтими
Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтом
Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэтой
Case=Loc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singэтом
Case=Loc|Number=Plurэтих
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтотэтот
Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэта
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Singэто
Case=Nom|Number=Plurэти

NUM

906 ru-pos/NUM tokens (50% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Animacy co-occurred: NumType=Card (906; 100%), Number=EMPTY (623; 69%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm ОДИНAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Mascодногоодин
Case=Acc|Gender=Femодну
Case=Acc|Gender=Neutодно, одного
Case=Dat|Gender=Mascодномуодному
Case=Dat|Gender=Femодной
Case=Gen|Gender=Mascодногоодного
Case=Gen|Gender=Femодной
Case=Gen|Gender=Neutодногоодного
Case=Ins|Gender=Mascоднимодним
Case=Ins|Gender=Femоднойодной
Case=Ins|Gender=Neutодним
Case=Loc|Gender=Mascодном
Case=Loc|Gender=Femодной
Case=Loc|Gender=Neutодном
Case=Nom|Gender=Mascодинодин
Case=Nom|Gender=Femоднаодна
Case=Nom|Gender=Neutодно

PRON

818 ru-pos/PRON tokens (48% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Animacy co-occurred: Person=EMPTY (818; 100%), Number=Sing (685; 84%), Gender=Neut (418; 51%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm КОТОРЫЙAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкоторого, которыйкоторый
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкоторуюкоторую
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singкоторое, которого
Case=Acc|Number=Plurкоторые
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкоторомукоторому
Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкоторой
Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Singкоторому
Case=Dat|Number=Plurкоторымкоторым
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкоторогокоторого
Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкоторойкоторой
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Singкоторого
Case=Gen|Number=Plurкоторыхкоторых
Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкоторымкоторым
Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкоторойкоторой
Case=Ins|Number=Plurкоторымикоторыми
Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкотором
Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкоторой
Case=Loc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singкотором
Case=Loc|Number=Plurкоторых
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкоторыйкоторый
Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкотораякоторая
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Singкоторое
Case=Nom|Number=Plurкоторыекоторые

AUX

25 ru-pos/AUX tokens (2% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Animacy co-occurred: Person=EMPTY (25; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (25; 100%), VerbForm=Part (20; 80%), Tense=Past (19; 76%), Number=Sing (18; 72%), Aspect=Perf (15; 60%), Gender=Masc (13; 52%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm БЫТЬAnimInan
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singбывшего
Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Singбывшим
Case=Nom|Number=Plurбывшие

Relations with Agreement in Animacy

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Animacy: NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (8608; 100%), NOUN –[nmod]–> NOUN (6030; 81%), NOUN –[conj]–> NOUN (1573; 95%), NOUN –[appos]–> PROPN (1033; 94%), NOUN –[nmod]–> PROPN (924; 65%), PROPN –[flat]–> PROPN (856; 100%), NOUN –[acl]–> VERB (807; 92%), NOUN –[det]–> DET (782; 72%), NOUN –[appos]–> NOUN (662; 85%), PROPN –[conj]–> PROPN (505; 99%).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Anim, Inan.

299986 tokens (30%) have a non-empty value of Animacy. 56342 types (52%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. 24297 lemmas (61%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. The feature is used with 7 part-of-speech tags: ru-pos/NOUN (243522; 25% instances), ru-pos/PROPN (34148; 3% instances), ru-pos/PRON (10414; 1% instances), ru-pos/ADJ (9310; 1% instances), ru-pos/NUM (1314; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB (1236; 0% instances), ru-pos/DET (42; 0% instances).

NOUN

243522 ru-pos/NOUN tokens (100% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (170107; 70%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm человекAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Singчеловека
Case=Acc|Number=Plurлюдей
Case=Dat|Number=Singчеловеку
Case=Dat|Number=Plurлюдям
Case=Gen|Number=Singчеловека, чел.
Case=Gen|Number=Plurлюдей, человек, чел., чел, человековчел
Case=Ins|Number=Singчеловеком
Case=Ins|Number=Plurлюдьми
Case=Loc|Number=Singчеловеке
Case=Loc|Number=Plurлюдях
Case=Nom|Number=Singчеловек
Case=Nom|Number=Plurлюди

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of NOUN. 99% lemmas (15645) occur only with one value of Animacy.

PROPN

34148 ru-pos/PROPN tokens (94% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (32606; 95%), Gender=Masc (21730; 64%).

PROPN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm владимирAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=SingВладимираВладимир
Case=Dat|Number=SingВладимиру
Case=Gen|Number=SingВладимира
Case=Ins|Number=SingВладимиром
Case=Nom|Number=SingВладимир
Владимиро

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of PROPN. 99% lemmas (6994) occur only with one value of Animacy.

PRON

10414 ru-pos/PRON tokens (23% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Animacy co-occurred: Person=EMPTY (10414; 100%), Number=Sing (9956; 96%), Gender=Neut (9947; 96%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm всеAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plurвсех
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singвсе, всё
Case=Acc|Number=Plurвсех, все
Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Singвсему, всем
Case=Dat|Number=Plurвсем
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Singвсего
Case=Gen|Number=Plurвсех
Case=Ins|Gender=Neut|Number=Singвсем
Case=Ins|Number=Plurвсеми
Case=Loc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singвсем
Case=Loc|Number=Plurвсех
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=PlurВсе
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Singвсе, всё
Case=Nom|Number=Plurвсе
Gender=Masc|Number=Plurвсе
Gender=Neut|Number=Singвсе

ADJ

9310 ru-pos/ADJ tokens (9% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Animacy co-occurred: Case=Acc (9306; 100%), Degree=Pos (9154; 98%), Number=Plur (5189; 56%), Gender=EMPTY (5189; 56%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm другойAnimInan
Gender=Masc|Number=Singдругогодругой
Number=Plurдругихдругие

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of ADJ. 91% lemmas (2227) occur only with one value of Animacy.

NUM

1314 ru-pos/NUM tokens (9% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Animacy co-occurred: Case=Acc (1314; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (725; 55%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm одинAnimInan
одни
Gender=Mascодногоодин

VERB

1236 ru-pos/VERB tokens (1% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Animacy co-occurred: Person=EMPTY (1236; 100%), Case=Acc (1236; 100%), VerbForm=Part (1236; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (1236; 100%), Number=Plur (742; 60%), Gender=EMPTY (742; 60%), Tense=Past (687; 56%), Aspect=Perf (627; 51%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm получатьAnimInan
Aspect=Imp|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Passполучаемые
Aspect=Perf|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Actполучившего
Aspect=Perf|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Passполученный
Aspect=Perf|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|Voice=Actполучившихполучившие
Aspect=Perf|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|Voice=Passполученные

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 91% lemmas (602) occur only with one value of Animacy.

DET

42 ru-pos/DET tokens (0% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (39; 93%), Case=Acc (39; 93%), Gender=Neut (36; 86%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Relations with Agreement in Animacy

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Animacy: NOUN –[nmod]–> NOUN (56356; 83%), NOUN –[conj]–> NOUN (16120; 95%), NOUN –[nmod]–> PROPN (5817; 62%), PROPN –[flat:name]–> PROPN (4562; 100%), NOUN –[appos]–> PROPN (4365; 94%), NOUN –[nsubj]–> NOUN (2530; 88%), NOUN –[parataxis]–> NOUN (2151; 87%), PROPN –[conj]–> PROPN (1892; 97%), NOUN –[appos]–> NOUN (1463; 90%), NOUN –[nsubj]–> PRON (1305; 65%).


Animacy in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]