ccomp: clausal complement
A clausal complement of a verb or adjective is a dependent clause which is a core argument. That is, it functions like an object of the verb, or adjective.
Он говорит , что она работает в музее . \n He says , that she works in a museum .
ccomp(говорит, работает)
ccomp(says, works)
Such clausal complements may be finite or nonfinite. However, if the subject of the clausal complement is controlled (that is, must be the same as the higher subject or object, with no other possible interpretation) the appropriate relation is xcomp.
Генерал приказал нам выйти . \n General ordered us to-leave .
ccomp(приказал, выйти)
ccomp(ordered, to-leave)
Мы начали писать тест . \n We started to-write test .
xcomp(начали, писать)
xcomp(started, to-write)
The key difference here is that, while it is possible to interpret the first
sentence to mean that the general will not be leaving, in the second
sentence it is clear that the subject of writing can only be we. This is
what distinguishes ccomp and xcomp.
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)
This relation is universal.
263 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as ccomp.
256 instances of ccomp (97%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 7.98859315589354.
The following 20 pairs of parts of speech are connected with ccomp: ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/VERB (176; 67% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/NOUN (24; 9% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADJ (16; 6% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/VERB (11; 4% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/VERB (8; 3% instances), ru-pos/PRON-ru-pos/VERB (8; 3% instances), ru-pos/PRON-ru-pos/NOUN (3; 1% instances), ru-pos/ADP-ru-pos/VERB (2; 1% instances), ru-pos/NOUN-ru-pos/NOUN (2; 1% instances), ru-pos/PUNCT-ru-pos/VERB (2; 1% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PROPN (2; 1% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADJ-ru-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/ADV-ru-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/PRON-ru-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/PROPN-ru-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 8 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 8 ccomp color:blue
1 Они ОНИ PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 nsubj _ _
2 сказали СКАЗАТЬ VERB VBC Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
3 мне Я PRON PRP Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 iobj _ SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _
5 что ЧТО SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _
6 им ОНИ PRON PRP Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 8 iobj _ _
7 очень ОЧЕНЬ ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _
8 понравилось ПОНРАВИТЬСЯ VERB VBC Aspect=Perf|Gender=Neut|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid 2 ccomp _ _
9 мое МОЙ DET PRP$ Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=1 10 det _ _
10 выступление ВЫСТУПЛЕНИЕ NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 17 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 17 fgColor:white
# visual-style 11 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 11 fgColor:white
# visual-style 11 17 ccomp color:blue
1 Когда КОГДА SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _
2 Эд ЭД PROPN NNP Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _
3 выходит ВЫХОДИТЬ VERB VBC Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _
5 один ОДИН NUM CD Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _
6 оператор ОПЕРАТОР NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _
7 остается ОСТАВАТЬСЯ VERB VBC Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid 0 root _ _
8 с С ADP IN _ 9 case _ _
9 Шэри ШЭРИ PROPN NNP Animacy=Anim|Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No
10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _
11 говоря ГОВОРИТЬ VERB VBG Aspect=Imp|VerbForm=Conv 7 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No
12 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _
13 что ЧТО SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _
14 это ЭТО PRON DT Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _
15 -- -- PUNCT -- _ 17 punct _ _
16 новая НОВЫЙ ADJ JJL Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 amod _ _
17 идея ИДЕЯ NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 ccomp _ _
18 продюсеров ПРОДЮСЕР NOUN NN Animacy=Anim|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
19 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _
# visual-style 12 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 12 ccomp color:blue
1 Мэрия МЭРИЯ NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _
2 Новосибирска НОВОСИБИРСК PROPN NNP Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _
3 также ТАКЖЕ CCONJ CC _ 5 cc:preconj _ _
4 не НЕ PART NEG Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _
5 исключила ИСКЛЮЧИТЬ VERB VBC Aspect=Perf|Gender=Fem|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
6 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _
7 что ЧТО SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _
8 проезд ПРОЕЗД NOUN NN Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _
9 по ПО ADP IN _ 10 case _ _
10 нему ОН PRON PRP Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 nmod _ _
11 будет БЫТЬ AUX VBC Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _
12 платным ПЛАТНЫЙ ADJ JJL Animacy=Inan|Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No
13 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)
This relation is universal.
811 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as ccomp.
715 instances of ccomp (88%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 6.11960542540074.
The following 6 pairs of parts of speech are connected with ccomp: ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/VERB (781; 96% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/ADV (11; 1% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PRON (10; 1% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/NOUN (6; 1% instances), ru-pos/VERB-ru-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), ru-pos/PART-ru-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 9 ccomp color:blue
1 Ложась ложиться VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Conv|Voice=Mid 6 advcl 6:advcl _
2 спать спать VERB _ Aspect=Imp|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act 1 xcomp 1:xcomp SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT _ _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 он он PRON _ Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 nsubj 6:nsubj _
5 не не PART _ _ 6 advmod 6:advmod _
6 понимал понимать VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root 0:root SpaceAfter=No
7 , , PUNCT _ _ 6 punct 6:punct _
8 куда куда ADV _ Degree=Pos 9 advmod 9:advmod _
9 девалось деваться VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Gender=Neut|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid 6 ccomp 6:ccomp _
10 время время NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 9 nsubj 9:nsubj SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT _ _ 10 punct 10:punct _
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 7 ccomp color:blue
1 Как-то как-то ADV _ Degree=Pos 3 advmod 3:advmod _
2 мне я PRON _ Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 obl 3:obl _
3 сказали сказать VERB _ Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root 0:root SpaceAfter=No
4 : : PUNCT _ _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 ничего ничего PART _ _ 7 parataxis 7:parataxis SpaceAfter=No
6 , , PUNCT _ _ 5 punct 5:punct _
7 скоро скоро ADV _ Degree=Pos 3 ccomp 3:ccomp _
8 будут быть VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 7 cop 7:cop _
9 специальные специальный ADJ _ Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur 10 amod 10:amod _
10 чипы чип NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj 7:nsubj SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT _ _ 10 punct 10:punct _
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 3 ccomp color:blue
1 Помните помнить VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Imp|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root 0:root _
2 - - PUNCT _ _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 мы мы PRON _ Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1 1 ccomp 1:ccomp _
4 еще еще ADV _ Degree=Pos 3 advmod 3:advmod _
5 есть быть VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 3 cop 3:cop SpaceAfter=No
6 , , PUNCT _ _ 5 punct 5:punct _
7 мы мы PRON _ Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1 9 nsubj 9:nsubj _
8 пока пока ADV _ Degree=Pos 9 advmod 9:advmod _
9 остаемся оставаться VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid 3 conj 3:conj _
10 действующим действовать VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Case=Ins|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 11 amod 11:amod _
11 лицом лицо NOUN _ Animacy=Anim|Case=Ins|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 9 obl 9:obl SpaceAfter=No
12 . . PUNCT _ _ 11 punct 11:punct _
ccomp in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]