home ga/pos edit page issue tracker

ADP: adposition

Adpositions is a term that covers both prepositions and postpositions. Irish only has prepositions.

Regular prepositions

There are simple and compound prepositions in Irish.

• Simple: ag “at”, le; “with”; from “ó”
• Compound: os cionn “above”; i gcoinne “against”

Inflected prepositions

16 of the most common simple prepositions can be inflected to mark pronominal objects. These are referred to as pronominal prepositions or prepositional pronouns.

Examples

• agam “at me”
• leis “with him”
• uainn “from us”

Progressive aspectual phrases

The preposition “ag” is also used in conjunction with verbal nouns to form progressive aspectual phrases.

Examples

• ag rith “running”
• tá sí ag ithe “she is eating”

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_Irish)

There are 59 ADP lemmas (2%), 138 ADP types (3%) and 2240 ADP tokens (16%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of ADP is: 8 in number of lemmas, 5 in number of types and 2 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADP lemmas: i, ar, le, ag, de, do, ó, faoi, mar, as

The 10 most frequent ADP types: ar, i, ag, le, de, sa, leis, ina, mar, ann

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: i (ADP 440, PART 9), ar (ADP 384, PART 11, ADV 7, AUX 1, VERB 1), le (ADP 254, PART 3, SCONJ 1), ag (ADP 241, X 1), de (ADP 175, PART 6, SCONJ 2), do (ADP 153, PART 39, DET 5), ó (ADP 83, PART 18, SCONJ 2), faoi (ADP 63, X 2), mar (ADP 52, SCONJ 23), go (PART 146, ADP 44, SCONJ 12, NOUN 5, ADV 2, ADJ 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: ar (ADP 305, PART 9, AUX 7, ADV 6, VERB 1), le (ADP 134, SCONJ 1), de (ADP 87, PART 5, SCONJ 2), ina (ADP 52, PART 6), mar (ADP 49, SCONJ 22), go (PART 142, ADP 42, SCONJ 12, NOUN 5, ADV 2, ADJ 1), do (ADP 43, PART 8, DET 5), chun (ADP 42, SCONJ 2), san (ADP 28, X 10, PRON 4), d’ (ADP 24, PART 21)

• ar
  • ADP 305: ’ Cén diabhal útamála atá ar siúl ansin thíos ?
  • PART 9: Féadfaidh aon pháirtí ar theip ar a chuid aighneachtaí go hiomlán nó go páirteach a leithéid sin d’ achomharc a dhéanamh .
  • AUX 7: Iarrtar ar an Choimisiún an méid atá bainte amach ag an Ghaeilge a dhaingniú agus go mbeadh an ceart ag daoine ar sheirbhísí poiblí uile trí mheán na Gaeilge .
  • ADV 6: Bhíodh tithe aitheantais acu ag gabháil ann , ag teacht ar ais agus ag ceann scríbe .
  • VERB 1: ’ Maróidh tú uilig mé , ‘ ar sé .
• le
  • ADP 134: Tá na folúntais seo a leanas le líonadh .
  • SCONJ 1: Má itear an mhil seo sula dtosaíonn astú pailine , tá seans go spreagfaidh sé córas imdhíonach an choirp le go mbeidh sé ábalta éifeachtaí na pailine a cheansú .
• de
  • ADP 87: Anseo arís tá dealbh mhór de Mhao .
  • PART 5: Síneann Gleann Wallace soir uaidh agus is ann a bhí cónaí ar Cholm de Bhailís .
  • SCONJ 2: (4) D’ fhonn amhras a sheachaint , aon achtachán a ndéantar leasú air le halt den Acht seo a scoireann de bheith i ngníomh amhail ar an agus ón lá dá dtagraítear i bhfo-alt (1) nó , de réir mar a bheidh , amhail ar agus ó dháta éagtha na tréimhse ar lena linn a choimeádfar i ngníomh é faoi fho-alt (2) ( ‘ an t-éag ‘ ) , beidh feidhm aige agus beidh éifeacht leis amhail ar an agus ón lá sin nó , de réir mar a bheidh , amhail ar an agus ón éag , mar a bhí feidhm aige agus éifeacht leis díreach roimh dháta an Achta seo a rith ach sin faoi réir aon leasuithe a dhéanfar le haon Acht eile den Oireachtas tar éis an dáta rite sin .
• ina
  • ADP 52: Go tobann , bhris an bord ina dhá leath .
  • PART 6: Ón Bhaváir cuireadh ar aghaidh go Beirlin é ina nuinteas chun na Gearmáine ar 22 Meitheamh 1920 , áit a raibh sé , mar ba nós , ina dhéan ar an corps taidhleoireachta ar fad .
• mar
  • ADP 49: Ó Dubhurthuile a bheith mar Phátrún ar an gCraobh .
  • SCONJ 22: Ansin nach deas mar a bheadh an scéal a’m ?
• go
  • PART 142: Níor chúis iontais í go hiomlán gur ghlaoigh sé ar Melissa .
  • ADP 42: Agus as go brách leo .
  • SCONJ 12: Bhí ráfla ann go mb’ fhéidir go dtiocfadh Pat An Cóp Ó Gallchóir ar ais ón Eoraip le polaitíocht na Dála a imirt arís .
  • NOUN 5: Bhí scaifte maith sa tábhairne seo anois , an ceann amháin i mBaile an Chaolais ach ar ndóigh go leor óstáin .
  • ADV 2: Tá an éide scoile s’ againne maith go leor anseo i Scoil Naomh Pól .
  • ADJ 1: Ar ndóigh bhí an tír suaite go leor i rith an am seo go léir .
• do
  • ADP 43: Is é an leabhar a thug sí do Mháire .
  • PART 8: Nuacht 4.08 Nuacht a hAon 2.00 Nuair a bheidh an Coiste sin tofa , iad do chroma láithreach ar an Teaghlach Meán-suidhte d’ ullamhú chun iostuithe , etc .
  • DET 5: / Níl fhios agam c ‘n áit a bhfuil do lán / Mur in do lár atá do thóin .
• chun
  • ADP 42: ’ Ach caithfidh mise a bheith ar shiúl chun an tsiopa .
  • SCONJ 2: Chaith an Ceallach a dhúthracht ag lorg tacaíochta , deiseanna agus acmhainní chun go bhféadfadh sé an saothar a chur dá fhoilsiú .
• san
  • ADP 28: Níor mhasla gan bhrí ná caint gan éifeacht a bhí san fhocal sin twaddle .
  • X 10: (4) Gach rialachán a déanfar fén alt so leagfar é fé bhráid gach Tighe den Oireachtas chó luath agus is féidir é tar éis a dhéanta agus má dhineann aon Tigh acu san laistigh den lá is fiche a shuidhfidh an Tigh sin ina dhiaidh sin rún do rith ag cur an rialacháin sin ar nea-mbrí beidh an rialachán san ar nea-mbrí dá réir sin ach beidh san gan dochar do dhleathacht éinní a dineadh roimhe sin fén rialachán san .
  • PRON 4: As san go dtí Fromista , áit a bhfuil séipéal álainn ón 11ú céad sa stíl Rómhánach .
• d’
  • ADP 24: Bhí Caitríona sé bliana d’ aois .
  • PART 21: Ansin nuair a shocair an gleo d’ éist siad , ach ní chuala siad a dhath .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADP is 2.338983 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.393750).

The 1st highest number of forms (14) was observed with the lemma “do”: d’, dhá, dhúinn, di, do, dom, domsa, don, duit, dá, dó, dóibh, dúinn, á.

The 2nd highest number of forms (13) was observed with the lemma “ag”: a’, a’m, acu, ag, againn, againne, agam, agamsa, agat, agena, aice, aici, aige.

The 3rd highest number of forms (11) was observed with the lemma “i”: ann, i, in, ina, ins, inti, inár, iontu, sa, san, sna.

ADP occurs with 8 features: ga-feat/Number (695; 31% instances), ga-feat/Person (462; 21% instances), ga-feat/PronType (270; 12% instances), ga-feat/Gender (264; 12% instances), ga-feat/Poss (131; 6% instances), ga-feat/PrepForm (102; 5% instances), ga-feat/Form (3; 0% instances), ga-feat/Foreign (1; 0% instances)

ADP occurs with 14 feature-value pairs: Foreign=Yes, Form=Len, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Poss=Yes, PrepForm=Cmpd, PronType=Art, PronType=Emp, PronType=Prs

ADP occurs with 31 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is _ (1433 tokens). Examples: ar, i, ag, le, de, mar, leis, do, chun, ó

Relations

ADP nodes are attached to their parents using 19 different relations: ga-dep/case (1719; 77% instances), ga-dep/obl:prep (250; 11% instances), ga-dep/fixed (118; 5% instances), ga-dep/xcomp:pred (37; 2% instances), ga-dep/compound (27; 1% instances), ga-dep/conj (24; 1% instances), ga-dep/root (21; 1% instances), ga-dep/mark (11; 0% instances), ga-dep/ccomp (6; 0% instances), ga-dep/advcl (5; 0% instances), ga-dep/compound:prt (4; 0% instances), ga-dep/mark:prt (4; 0% instances), ga-dep/nsubj (4; 0% instances), ga-dep/xcomp (3; 0% instances), ga-dep/acl:relcl (2; 0% instances), ga-dep/advmod (2; 0% instances), ga-dep/flat:name (1; 0% instances), ga-dep/nmod (1; 0% instances), ga-dep/obj (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADP nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: NOUN (1671; 75% instances), VERB (202; 9% instances), ADP (135; 6% instances), PROPN (98; 4% instances), ADJ (33; 1% instances), PRON (26; 1% instances), ROOT (21; 1% instances), X (19; 1% instances), NUM (18; 1% instances), ADV (5; 0% instances), CCONJ (3; 0% instances), PART (3; 0% instances), DET (2; 0% instances), SCONJ (2; 0% instances), AUX (1; 0% instances), PUNCT (1; 0% instances)

2015 (90%) ADP nodes are leaves.

169 (8%) ADP nodes have one child.

20 (1%) ADP nodes have two children.

36 (2%) ADP nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADP node is 7.

Children of ADP nodes are attached using 21 different relations: ga-dep/fixed (118; 33% instances), ga-dep/nmod (61; 17% instances), ga-dep/cop (31; 9% instances), ga-dep/punct (30; 8% instances), ga-dep/cc (24; 7% instances), ga-dep/csubj:cleft (22; 6% instances), ga-dep/conj (17; 5% instances), ga-dep/compound (9; 3% instances), ga-dep/det (8; 2% instances), ga-dep/advcl (7; 2% instances), ga-dep/mark (7; 2% instances), ga-dep/nsubj (6; 2% instances), ga-dep/advmod (3; 1% instances), ga-dep/nummod (3; 1% instances), ga-dep/acl:relcl (2; 1% instances), ga-dep/case (2; 1% instances), ga-dep/obl:prep (2; 1% instances), ga-dep/xcomp (2; 1% instances), ga-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), ga-dep/mark:prt (1; 0% instances), ga-dep/obj (1; 0% instances)

Children of ADP nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: ADP (135; 38% instances), NOUN (58; 16% instances), VERB (32; 9% instances), AUX (31; 9% instances), PUNCT (30; 8% instances), CCONJ (28; 8% instances), PRON (23; 6% instances), PROPN (8; 2% instances), SCONJ (5; 1% instances), X (4; 1% instances), NUM (2; 1% instances), ADV (1; 0% instances)

---

ADP in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]

© 2014 Universal Dependencies contributors. Site powered by Annodoc and brat

.