ADP
: adposition
Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions.
Examples
- [fi] alla “under”, päällä “over”
- [fi] ennen “before”, jälkeen “after”
- [fi] kanssa “with”, ilman “without”
References
- http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=687 (in Finnish)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)
There are 156 ADP
lemmas (1%), 189 ADP
types (0%) and 2707 ADP
tokens (1%).
Out of 15 observed tags, the rank of ADP
is: 9 in number of lemmas, 11 in number of types and 12 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent ADP
lemmas: mukaan, kanssa, jälkeen, vuoksi, ennen, lisäksi, vastaan, kautta, ilman, kohti
The 10 most frequent ADP
types: mukaan, kanssa, jälkeen, vuoksi, ennen, lisäksi, vastaan, kautta, ilman, kohti
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: mukaan (ADP 307, ADV 48), kanssa (ADP 276, ADV 8), jälkeen (ADP 223, ADV 2), ennen (ADP 96, ADV 61), lisäksi (ADV 88, ADP 69), vastaan (ADP 65, ADV 32), kautta (ADP 63, ADV 1), ilman (ADP 56, ADV 6), sitten (ADV 217, ADP 51), mukana (ADP 42, ADV 26)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: mukaan (ADP 300, ADV 40), kanssa (ADP 262, ADV 2), jälkeen (ADP 218, ADV 1), ennen (ADP 86, ADV 46), lisäksi (ADP 68, ADV 30), vastaan (ADP 65, ADV 31, VERB 2), kautta (ADP 63, NOUN 4, ADV 1), ilman (ADP 54, ADV 6, NOUN 6), puolesta (ADP 51, NUM 1), sitten (ADV 164, ADP 51)
- mukaan
- kanssa
- jälkeen
- ennen
- lisäksi
- vastaan
- kautta
- ilman
- puolesta
- sitten
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of ADP
is 1.211538 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.037154).
The 1st highest number of forms (6) was observed with the lemma “kanssa”: kaa, kanssa, kanssa-, kanssaan, kanssas, kanssasi.
The 2nd highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “jälkeen”: jälkee, jälkeen, jälkeenkin, jälkeenkään.
The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “luokse”: luokse, luokseen, luom.
ADP
occurs with 6 features: fi-feat/AdpType (2707; 100% instances), fi-feat/Person[psor] (53; 2% instances), fi-feat/Number[psor] (13; 0% instances), fi-feat/Clitic (10; 0% instances), fi-feat/Style (8; 0% instances), fi-feat/Typo (1; 0% instances)
ADP
occurs with 11 feature-value pairs: AdpType=Post
, AdpType=Prep
, Clitic=Kaan
, Clitic=Kin
, Number[psor]=Plur
, Number[psor]=Sing
, Person[psor]=1
, Person[psor]=2
, Person[psor]=3
, Style=Coll
, Typo=Yes
ADP
occurs with 16 feature combinations.
The most frequent feature combination is AdpType=Post
(2320 tokens).
Examples: mukaan, kanssa, jälkeen, vuoksi, lisäksi, vastaan, kautta, sijaan, puolesta, sitten
Relations
ADP
nodes are attached to their parents using 9 different relations: fi-dep/case (2668; 99% instances), fi-dep/fixed (13; 0% instances), fi-dep/advmod (11; 0% instances), fi-dep/conj (6; 0% instances), fi-dep/root (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/acl:relcl (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/mark (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/orphan (1; 0% instances)
Parents of ADP
nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: NOUN (1947; 72% instances), PRON (395; 15% instances), PROPN (272; 10% instances), VERB (24; 1% instances), ADJ (20; 1% instances), NUM (18; 1% instances), ADV (17; 1% instances), ADP (6; 0% instances), ROOT (4; 0% instances), AUX (1; 0% instances), CCONJ (1; 0% instances), SCONJ (1; 0% instances), SYM (1; 0% instances)
2684 (99%) ADP
nodes are leaves.
11 (0%) ADP
nodes have one child.
4 (0%) ADP
nodes have two children.
8 (0%) ADP
nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a ADP
node is 6.
Children of ADP
nodes are attached using 19 different relations: fi-dep/punct (11; 19% instances), fi-dep/cc (7; 12% instances), fi-dep/conj (7; 12% instances), fi-dep/cop (6; 10% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (6; 10% instances), fi-dep/advmod (4; 7% instances), fi-dep/nmod:poss (3; 5% instances), fi-dep/nmod (2; 3% instances), fi-dep/orphan (2; 3% instances), fi-dep/acl (1; 2% instances), fi-dep/acl:relcl (1; 2% instances), fi-dep/amod (1; 2% instances), fi-dep/aux (1; 2% instances), fi-dep/cc:preconj (1; 2% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (1; 2% instances), fi-dep/det (1; 2% instances), fi-dep/mark (1; 2% instances), fi-dep/obl (1; 2% instances), fi-dep/root (1; 2% instances)
Children of ADP
nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: NOUN (15; 26% instances), PUNCT (11; 19% instances), CCONJ (8; 14% instances), AUX (7; 12% instances), ADP (4; 7% instances), ADV (4; 7% instances), VERB (4; 7% instances), PROPN (2; 3% instances), ADJ (1; 2% instances), PRON (1; 2% instances), SCONJ (1; 2% instances)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish-FTB)
There are 274 ADP
lemmas (1%), 328 ADP
types (1%) and 2457 ADP
tokens (2%).
Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of ADP
is: 7 in number of lemmas, 9 in number of types and 13 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent ADP
lemmas: kanssa, mukaan, jälkeen, ennen, asti, ilman, sitten, takia, kautta, vuoksi
The 10 most frequent ADP
types: kanssa, mukaan, jälkeen, ennen, asti, ilman, sitten, kautta, takia, vuoksi
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: kanssa (ADP 177, PART 15, ADV 7), mukaan (ADP 131, ADV 67), jälkeen (ADP 120, ADV 4), ennen (ADP 73, ADV 65), ilman (ADP 57, ADV 10), sitten (ADV 234, PART 120, ADP 52), kautta (ADP 46, ADV 9), mielestä (ADP 40, ADV 11), vastaan (ADP 36, ADV 28), puolesta (ADP 34, ADV 3)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: kanssa (ADP 161, PART 8), mukaan (ADP 125, ADV 58), jälkeen (ADP 117, ADV 2), ennen (ADP 65, ADV 49), ilman (ADP 54, ADV 10, NOUN 2), sitten (PART 89, ADV 88, ADP 51), kautta (ADP 46, ADV 9, NOUN 1), aikana (ADP 41, NOUN 6), vastaan (ADP 35, ADV 26, VERB 1), mennessä (ADP 31, VERB 3)
- kanssa
- mukaan
- jälkeen
- ennen
- ilman
- sitten
- kautta
- aikana
- vastaan
- mennessä
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of ADP
is 1.197080 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.026917).
The 1st highest number of forms (7) was observed with the lemma “kanssa”: kaa, kans, kansa, kanssa, kanssaan, kanssas, kanssasi.
The 2nd highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “mielestä”: mielest, mielestä, mielestäni, mielestäsi, mielestään.
The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “jälkeen”: jälkee, jälkeen, jälkeenkin.
ADP
occurs with 5 features: fi-feat/Person[psor] (49; 2% instances), fi-feat/Style (35; 1% instances), fi-feat/Number[psor] (25; 1% instances), fi-feat/Clitic (8; 0% instances), fi-feat/Degree (5; 0% instances)
ADP
occurs with 10 feature-value pairs: Clitic=Han
, Clitic=Kaan
, Clitic=Kin
, Degree=Cmp
, Number[psor]=Plur
, Number[psor]=Sing
, Person[psor]=1
, Person[psor]=2
, Person[psor]=3
, Style=Coll
ADP
occurs with 12 feature combinations.
The most frequent feature combination is _
(2363 tokens).
Examples: kanssa, mukaan, jälkeen, ennen, asti, ilman, sitten, kautta, takia, vuoksi
Relations
ADP
nodes are attached to their parents using 6 different relations: fi-dep/case (2424; 99% instances), fi-dep/conj (12; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod (9; 0% instances), fi-dep/dep (6; 0% instances), fi-dep/det (5; 0% instances), fi-dep/fixed (1; 0% instances)
Parents of ADP
nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: NOUN (1748; 71% instances), PRON (357; 15% instances), PROPN (204; 8% instances), NUM (55; 2% instances), ADJ (44; 2% instances), ADP (14; 1% instances), VERB (14; 1% instances), ADV (10; 0% instances), DET (9; 0% instances), PART (1; 0% instances), X (1; 0% instances)
1621 (66%) ADP
nodes are leaves.
816 (33%) ADP
nodes have one child.
19 (1%) ADP
nodes have two children.
1 (0%) ADP
nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a ADP
node is 3.
Children of ADP
nodes are attached using 9 different relations: fi-dep/punct (767; 89% instances), fi-dep/advmod (30; 4% instances), fi-dep/nmod (18; 2% instances), fi-dep/fixed (14; 2% instances), fi-dep/conj (12; 1% instances), fi-dep/cc (11; 1% instances), fi-dep/case (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/amod (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/mark (1; 0% instances)
Children of ADP
nodes belong to 10 different parts of speech: PUNCT (767; 89% instances), ADV (20; 2% instances), NOUN (18; 2% instances), ADP (14; 2% instances), CCONJ (11; 1% instances), PART (11; 1% instances), PRON (8; 1% instances), DET (5; 1% instances), ADJ (2; 0% instances), VERB (1; 0% instances)
ADP in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]