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ADP: adposition

Definition

Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions. French has only prepositions.

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_French)

There are 85 ADP lemmas (0%), 98 ADP types (0%) and 62950 ADP tokens (16%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of ADP is: 8 in number of lemmas, 10 in number of types and 2 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADP lemmas: de, à, en, dans, pour, par, sur, avec, comme, entre

The 10 most frequent ADP types: de, à, en, d’, dans, pour, par, sur, avec, comme

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: de (ADP 30816, PROPN 24), à (ADP 10398, NOUN 1), en (ADP 5778, PRON 265), pour (ADP 2470, PROPN 1, NOUN 1), sur (ADP 1654, ADJ 2), comme (ADP 622, SCONJ 49, ADV 30), après (ADP 433, ADV 50), depuis (ADP 324, ADV 27), contre (ADP 286, ADV 5, NOUN 2, INTJ 1), sans (ADP 241, ADV 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: de (ADP 25926, DET 419, PROPN 24, ADV 1), à (ADP 10089, AUX 2, VERB 1, NOUN 1), en (ADP 5008, PRON 264), d’ (ADP 4701, DET 127, PROPN 11), pour (ADP 2296, PROPN 1, NOUN 1), par (ADP 2348, VERB 1), sur (ADP 1611, ADJ 1), comme (ADP 601, SCONJ 39, ADV 26), entre (ADP 421, VERB 27), après (ADP 277, ADV 46)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADP is 1.152941 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.305637).

The 1st highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “de”: d, d’, de, des, dr.

The 2nd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “que”: qu’, que, que’.

The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “à”: a, à, á.

ADP does not occur with any features.

Relations

ADP nodes are attached to their parents using 22 different relations: fr-dep/case (56470; 90% instances), fr-dep/mark (3951; 6% instances), fr-dep/fixed (1770; 3% instances), fr-dep/advmod (479; 1% instances), fr-dep/flat:name (153; 0% instances), fr-dep/expl (49; 0% instances), fr-dep/conj (21; 0% instances), fr-dep/dep (11; 0% instances), fr-dep/compound (7; 0% instances), fr-dep/det (7; 0% instances), fr-dep/obl (6; 0% instances), fr-dep/amod (5; 0% instances), fr-dep/cc (5; 0% instances), fr-dep/nmod (4; 0% instances), fr-dep/acl:relcl (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/obj (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/reparandum (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/root (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/appos (1; 0% instances), fr-dep/goeswith (1; 0% instances), fr-dep/orphan (1; 0% instances), fr-dep/xcomp (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADP nodes belong to 17 different parts of speech: NOUN (39898; 63% instances), PROPN (12505; 20% instances), VERB (4255; 7% instances), NUM (2771; 4% instances), ADV (1386; 2% instances), PRON (1014; 2% instances), ADP (483; 1% instances), ADJ (313; 0% instances), SYM (199; 0% instances), X (80; 0% instances), DET (24; 0% instances), AUX (8; 0% instances), SCONJ (4; 0% instances), CCONJ (3; 0% instances), PUNCT (3; 0% instances), PART (2; 0% instances), ROOT (2; 0% instances)

61676 (98%) ADP nodes are leaves.

654 (1%) ADP nodes have one child.

469 (1%) ADP nodes have two children.

151 (0%) ADP nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADP node is 7.

Children of ADP nodes are attached using 23 different relations: fr-dep/fixed (1840; 89% instances), fr-dep/advmod (69; 3% instances), fr-dep/punct (45; 2% instances), fr-dep/conj (33; 2% instances), fr-dep/nmod (20; 1% instances), fr-dep/cc (19; 1% instances), fr-dep/case (13; 1% instances), fr-dep/flat:name (4; 0% instances), fr-dep/mark (4; 0% instances), fr-dep/acl (3; 0% instances), fr-dep/amod (3; 0% instances), fr-dep/cop (3; 0% instances), fr-dep/det (3; 0% instances), fr-dep/nsubj (3; 0% instances), fr-dep/nummod (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/obj (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/reparandum (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/advcl (1; 0% instances), fr-dep/appos (1; 0% instances), fr-dep/dep (1; 0% instances), fr-dep/nmod:poss (1; 0% instances), fr-dep/orphan (1; 0% instances), fr-dep/parataxis (1; 0% instances)

Children of ADP nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: ADP (483; 23% instances), NOUN (471; 23% instances), ADV (378; 18% instances), DET (222; 11% instances), SCONJ (193; 9% instances), VERB (128; 6% instances), ADJ (74; 4% instances), PUNCT (45; 2% instances), PRON (37; 2% instances), CCONJ (23; 1% instances), PROPN (9; 0% instances), NUM (7; 0% instances), AUX (3; 0% instances), SYM (1; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_French-ParTUT)

There are 39 ADP lemmas (2%), 40 ADP types (1%) and 2930 ADP tokens (16%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of ADP is: 8 in number of lemmas, 10 in number of types and 3 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADP lemmas: de, à, en, dans, pour, par, sur, avec, que, contre

The 10 most frequent ADP types: de, à, d’, en, dans, pour, par, sur, avec, contre

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: de (ADP 1530, DET 15, SCONJ 1), en (ADP 224, PRON 11), que (SCONJ 237, PRON 37, ADP 18, ADV 7, CCONJ 5), comme (ADP 16, SCONJ 8), afin (ADP 8, ADV 1), grâce (NOUN 1, ADP 1), lors (ADV 14, ADP 1), si (SCONJ 35, PRON 2, ADV 1, ADP 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: de (ADP 1234, DET 15, SCONJ 1), d’ (ADP 293, DET 7), en (ADP 207, PRON 11), comme (ADP 15, SCONJ 3), entre (ADP 14, VERB 1), que (SCONJ 177, PRON 25, ADP 14, ADV 5, CCONJ 2), afin (ADP 7, ADV 1), qu’ (SCONJ 60, PRON 14, ADP 4, CCONJ 3, ADV 2), du (ADP 2, DET 1), a (AUX 66, VERB 38, X 2, ADP 1)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADP is 1.025641 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.316828).

The 1st highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “d’après”: après, d’.

The 2nd highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “de”: d’, de.

The 3rd highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “que”: qu’, que.

ADP does not occur with any features.

Relations

ADP nodes are attached to their parents using 8 different relations: fr-dep/case (2540; 87% instances), fr-dep/mark (278; 9% instances), fr-dep/fixed (80; 3% instances), fr-dep/advmod (17; 1% instances), fr-dep/expl (8; 0% instances), fr-dep/discourse (4; 0% instances), fr-dep/obl (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/obj (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADP nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: NOUN (2262; 77% instances), VERB (306; 10% instances), PROPN (114; 4% instances), PRON (66; 2% instances), ADV (60; 2% instances), ADJ (48; 2% instances), ADP (40; 1% instances), NUM (17; 1% instances), DET (6; 0% instances), SYM (4; 0% instances), SCONJ (3; 0% instances), AUX (2; 0% instances), PUNCT (1; 0% instances), X (1; 0% instances)

2864 (98%) ADP nodes are leaves.

39 (1%) ADP nodes have one child.

22 (1%) ADP nodes have two children.

5 (0%) ADP nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADP node is 3.

Children of ADP nodes are attached using 3 different relations: fr-dep/fixed (92; 94% instances), fr-dep/punct (5; 5% instances), fr-dep/advmod (1; 1% instances)

Children of ADP nodes belong to 8 different parts of speech: ADP (40; 41% instances), ADV (24; 24% instances), NOUN (10; 10% instances), SCONJ (10; 10% instances), PUNCT (5; 5% instances), ADJ (4; 4% instances), VERB (3; 3% instances), DET (2; 2% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_French-Sequoia)

There are 53 ADP lemmas (1%), 56 ADP types (1%) and 9771 ADP tokens (16%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of ADP is: 9 in number of lemmas, 11 in number of types and 2 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADP lemmas: de, à, en, pour, dans, par, sur, avec, chez, après

The 10 most frequent ADP types: de, à, d’, en, pour, dans, par, sur, avec, chez

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: en (ADP 606, PRON 43, NOUN 4, X 3), après (ADP 101, ADV 1), / (ADP 71, PUNCT 17), avant (ADP 65, NOUN 2, ADV 1, ADJ 1), comme (ADP 59, SCONJ 30, ADV 2), contre (ADP 36, ADV 1), depuis (ADP 23, ADV 3), près (ADP 16, ADV 3), «/em> (VERB 7, ADP 6), plus (ADV 150, ADP 6)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: de (ADP 3991, DET 55), d’ (ADP 878, DET 43), en (ADP 535, PRON 40, NOUN 4, X 3), après (ADP 82, ADV 1), / (ADP 71, PUNCT 17, CCONJ 6), avant (ADP 58, NOUN 2, ADJ 1, ADV 1), comme (ADP 55, SCONJ 25, ADV 2), contre (ADP 33, ADV 1), devant (ADP 17, AUX 4), près (ADP 15, ADV 3)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADP is 1.056604 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.389679).

The 1st highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “de”: d’, de, dehors, des.

The 2nd highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “à”: A, à.

The 3rd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “+”: +.

ADP occurs with 3 features: fr-feat/Gender (7; 0% instances), fr-feat/Number (7; 0% instances), fr-feat/Person (7; 0% instances)

ADP occurs with 5 feature-value pairs: Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Person=3

ADP occurs with 4 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is _ (9764 tokens). Examples: de, à, d’, en, pour, dans, par, sur, avec, chez

Relations

ADP nodes are attached to their parents using 13 different relations: fr-dep/case (8275; 85% instances), fr-dep/mark (704; 7% instances), fr-dep/fixed (451; 5% instances), fr-dep/advmod (238; 2% instances), fr-dep/dep (36; 0% instances), fr-dep/det (34; 0% instances), fr-dep/iobj (11; 0% instances), fr-dep/conj (6; 0% instances), fr-dep/flat:name (6; 0% instances), fr-dep/cc (5; 0% instances), fr-dep/amod (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/root (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/nmod (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADP nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: NOUN (6979; 71% instances), PROPN (1175; 12% instances), VERB (805; 8% instances), ADP (343; 4% instances), PRON (184; 2% instances), NUM (121; 1% instances), ADV (84; 1% instances), ADJ (58; 1% instances), DET (13; 0% instances), CCONJ (5; 0% instances), ROOT (2; 0% instances), X (2; 0% instances)

9084 (93%) ADP nodes are leaves.

355 (4%) ADP nodes have one child.

190 (2%) ADP nodes have two children.

142 (1%) ADP nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADP node is 7.

Children of ADP nodes are attached using 11 different relations: fr-dep/fixed (1144; 97% instances), fr-dep/conj (7; 1% instances), fr-dep/cc (6; 1% instances), fr-dep/obl (6; 1% instances), fr-dep/advmod (5; 0% instances), fr-dep/punct (4; 0% instances), fr-dep/cop (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/nsubj (2; 0% instances), fr-dep/case (1; 0% instances), fr-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), fr-dep/det (1; 0% instances)

Children of ADP nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: NOUN (374; 32% instances), ADP (343; 29% instances), DET (198; 17% instances), ADV (113; 10% instances), SCONJ (56; 5% instances), PRON (26; 2% instances), VERB (25; 2% instances), ADJ (21; 2% instances), PUNCT (12; 1% instances), CCONJ (8; 1% instances), AUX (2; 0% instances), X (1; 0% instances)


ADP in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]