case: case marking
The case relation is used for any case-marking element which is treated as a separate syntactic word (including prepositions, postpositions, and clitic case markers). Case-marking elements are treated as dependents of the noun or clause they attach to or introduce. The case relation aims at providing a more uniform analysis of nominal elements, prepositions and case in morphologically rich languages: a nominal in an oblique case will receive the same dependency structure as a nominal introduced by an adposition (“para ele” will have the same dependency relation as “lhe”, for example).
preços de os funileiros artesanais
det(funileiros, os)
case(funileiros, case)
moradores de renda baixa
case(renda, de)
Os policiais foram a uma casa, indicada por as duas mulheres, onde estariam outros integrantes da quadrilha
det(casa, uma)
case(casa, a)
det(mulheres, as)
case(mulheres, por)
case(quadrilha, de)
det(quadrilha, a)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Portuguese)
This relation is universal.
31679 nodes (15%) are attached to their parents as case.
31528 instances of case (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.74017487925755.
The following 15 pairs of parts of speech are connected with case: pt-pos/NOUN-pt-pos/ADP (22045; 70% instances), pt-pos/PROPN-pt-pos/ADP (6820; 22% instances), pt-pos/PRON-pt-pos/ADP (1010; 3% instances), pt-pos/NUM-pt-pos/ADP (688; 2% instances), pt-pos/ADV-pt-pos/ADP (395; 1% instances), pt-pos/ADJ-pt-pos/ADP (386; 1% instances), pt-pos/SYM-pt-pos/ADP (191; 1% instances), pt-pos/ADP-pt-pos/ADP (77; 0% instances), pt-pos/X-pt-pos/ADP (31; 0% instances), pt-pos/DET-pt-pos/ADP (20; 0% instances), pt-pos/VERB-pt-pos/ADP (10; 0% instances), pt-pos/AUX-pt-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), pt-pos/SCONJ-pt-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), pt-pos/INTJ-pt-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/PART-pt-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances).
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# visual-style 4 2 case color:blue
1 Audiência audiência NOUN <np-idf>|N|F|S|@SUBJ> Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _
2 em em ADP <sam->|PRP|@N< _ 4 case _ _
3 a o DET <-sam>|<artd>|ART|F|S|@>N Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 4 det _ _
4 Justiça justiça NOUN <prop>|<np-def>|N|F|S|@P< Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _
5 de de ADP <sam->|PRP|@N< _ 7 case _ _
6 o o DET <-sam>|<artd>|ART|M|S|@>N Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 7 det _ _
7 Pará Pará PROPN PROP|M|S|@P< Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _
8 discute discutir VERB <mv>|V|PR|3S|IND|@FS-STA Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
9 diploma diploma NOUN <np-idf>|N|M|S|@<ACC Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ _
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# visual-style 7 5 case color:blue
1 Audiência audiência NOUN <np-idf>|N|F|S|@SUBJ> Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _
2 em em ADP <sam->|PRP|@N< _ 4 case _ _
3 a o DET <-sam>|<artd>|ART|F|S|@>N Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 4 det _ _
4 Justiça justiça NOUN <prop>|<np-def>|N|F|S|@P< Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _
5 de de ADP <sam->|PRP|@N< _ 7 case _ _
6 o o DET <-sam>|<artd>|ART|M|S|@>N Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 7 det _ _
7 Pará Pará PROPN PROP|M|S|@P< Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _
8 discute discutir VERB <mv>|V|PR|3S|IND|@FS-STA Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
9 diploma diploma NOUN <np-idf>|N|M|S|@<ACC Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ _
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# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 3 2 case color:blue
1 Um um NUM <card>|NUM|M|S|@SUBJ> NumType=Card 6 nsubj _ _
2 de de ADP <sam->|PRP|@N< _ 3 case _ _
3 eles eles PRON <-sam>|PERS|M|3P|NOM/PIV|@P< Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 1 nmod _ _
4 era ser AUX <mv>|V|IMPF|3S|IND|@FS-STA Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _
5 seu seu DET <poss>|DET|M|S|@>N Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs 6 det _ _
6 filho filho NOUN <np-def>|N|M|S|@<SC Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
7 , , PUNCT PU|@PU _ 8 punct _ _
8 Sérgio Sérgio PROPN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 appos _ MWE=Sérgio_Fioravanti|MWEPOS=PROPN
9 Fioravanti Fioravanti PROPN _ Number=Sing 8 flat:name _ SpaceAfter=No
10 . . PUNCT PU|@PU _ 6 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Portuguese-BR)
This relation is universal.
43575 nodes (15%) are attached to their parents as case.
43054 instances of case (99%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.73666092943201.
The following 49 pairs of parts of speech are connected with case: pt-pos/NOUN-pt-pos/ADP (27871; 64% instances), pt-pos/PROPN-pt-pos/ADP (11904; 27% instances), pt-pos/NUM-pt-pos/ADP (1746; 4% instances), pt-pos/PRON-pt-pos/ADP (768; 2% instances), pt-pos/ADV-pt-pos/ADP (493; 1% instances), pt-pos/VERB-pt-pos/ADP (222; 1% instances), pt-pos/NOUN-pt-pos/ADV (164; 0% instances), pt-pos/PART-pt-pos/ADP (81; 0% instances), pt-pos/NOUN-pt-pos/VERB (68; 0% instances), pt-pos/PROPN-pt-pos/PROPN (56; 0% instances), pt-pos/ADP-pt-pos/ADP (35; 0% instances), pt-pos/ADJ-pt-pos/ADP (33; 0% instances), pt-pos/X-pt-pos/ADP (23; 0% instances), pt-pos/NOUN-pt-pos/NOUN (18; 0% instances), pt-pos/PROPN-pt-pos/ADV (16; 0% instances), pt-pos/NOUN-pt-pos/X (7; 0% instances), pt-pos/PRON-pt-pos/VERB (6; 0% instances), pt-pos/PROPN-pt-pos/VERB (6; 0% instances), pt-pos/PROPN-pt-pos/NOUN (5; 0% instances), pt-pos/NOUN-pt-pos/DET (4; 0% instances), pt-pos/NOUN-pt-pos/PROPN (4; 0% instances), pt-pos/NUM-pt-pos/PROPN (4; 0% instances), pt-pos/PRON-pt-pos/ADV (4; 0% instances), pt-pos/PROPN-pt-pos/DET (4; 0% instances), pt-pos/X-pt-pos/ADV (4; 0% instances), pt-pos/DET-pt-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), pt-pos/NOUN-pt-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), pt-pos/NOUN-pt-pos/CCONJ (2; 0% instances), pt-pos/PRON-pt-pos/X (2; 0% instances), pt-pos/X-pt-pos/NOUN (2; 0% instances), pt-pos/ADJ-pt-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/ADP-pt-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/ADP-pt-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/ADP-pt-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/ADP-pt-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/ADV-pt-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/ADV-pt-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/CCONJ-pt-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/DET-pt-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/NOUN-pt-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/NUM-pt-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/NUM-pt-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/NUM-pt-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/PRON-pt-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/PRON-pt-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/PROPN-pt-pos/CCONJ (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/PROPN-pt-pos/X (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/PUNCT-pt-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), pt-pos/X-pt-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances).
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# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 6 5 case color:blue
1 Ver _ VERB VERB _ 0 root _ _
2 também _ ADV ADV _ 1 advmod _ _
3 a _ DET DET _ 4 det _ _
4 lista _ NOUN NOUN _ 1 obj _ _
5 de _ ADP ADP _ 6 case _ _
6 entidades _ NOUN NOUN _ 4 nmod _ _
7 que _ PRON PRON _ 9 nsubj _ _
8 tenham _ AUX AUX _ 9 aux _ _
9 emitido _ VERB VERB _ 6 acl:relcl _ _
10 selos _ NOUN NOUN _ 9 obj _ _
11 postais _ ADJ ADJ _ 10 amod _ SpaceAfter=No
12 . _ PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _
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# visual-style 10 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 10 9 case color:blue
1 As _ DET DET _ 2 det _ _
2 informações _ NOUN NOUN _ 3 nsubj _ _
3 são _ VERB VERB _ 0 root _ _
4 de de ADP ADP _ 6 case _ _
5 o o DET DET Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 6 det _ _
6 jornal _ NOUN NOUN _ 3 nmod _ _
7 O _ DET DET _ 8 det _ _
8 Estado _ PROPN PNOUN _ 6 appos _ _
9 de _ ADP ADP _ 10 case _ _
10 S. _ PROPN PNOUN _ 8 nmod _ _
11 Paulo _ PROPN PNOUN _ 10 flat _ SpaceAfter=No
12 . _ PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _
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# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
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1 O _ DET DET _ 2 det _ _
2 grupo _ NOUN NOUN _ 7 nsubj:pass _ _
3 de de ADP ADP _ 5 case _ _
4 o o DET DET Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 5 det _ _
5 Araxá _ PROPN PNOUN _ 2 nmod _ _
6 foi _ AUX AUX _ 7 aux:pass _ _
7 dividido _ VERB VERB _ 0 root _ _
8 em _ ADP ADP _ 9 case _ _
9 dois _ NUM NUM NumType=Card 7 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
10 . _ PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _
case in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]