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PRON: pronoun

Definition

Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases. Their meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context.

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Swedish)

There are 48 PRON lemmas (1%), 69 PRON types (1%) and 4645 PRON tokens (6%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 8 in number of lemmas, 8 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: den, som, man, de, vi, sig, du, denna, han, vad

The 10 most frequent PRON types: det, som, man, de, sig, vi, du, den, detta, vad

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: den (PRON 1070, DET 37, ADV 1), som (PRON 878, CCONJ 337, ADV 56, SCONJ 3), man (PRON 542, NOUN 173, DET 3), de (PRON 381, DET 71, PROPN 2), vi (PRON 324, DET 111, PROPN 2, NOUN 1), sig (PRON 274, DET 251), du (PRON 255, DET 50), denna (DET 249, PRON 147), han (PRON 104, DET 14), vad (PRON 100, ADV 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: det (PRON 576, DET 228), som (PRON 878, CCONJ 326, ADV 48, SCONJ 3), man (PRON 423, NOUN 63), de (DET 396, PRON 227, PROPN 2), den (DET 535, PRON 147), detta (PRON 74, DET 50), vad (PRON 58, ADV 1), jag (PRON 38, NOUN 1), en (DET 1000, NUM 50, PRON 29), något (DET 36, PRON 30, ADV 17)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 1.437500 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.407742).

The 1st highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “en”: de, den, det, en, ett.

The 2nd highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “denna”: denna, denne, dessa, detta.

The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “de”: de, dem, dom.

PRON occurs with 6 features: sv-feat/PronType (4645; 100% instances), sv-feat/Definite (3767; 81% instances), sv-feat/Number (3493; 75% instances), sv-feat/Gender (2913; 63% instances), sv-feat/Case (2048; 44% instances), sv-feat/Polarity (1; 0% instances)

PRON occurs with 18 feature-value pairs: Case=Acc, Case=Nom, Definite=Def, Definite=Ind, Gender=Com, Gender=Masc, Gender=Neut, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Polarity=Neg, PronType=Dem, PronType=Ind, PronType=Int, PronType=Neg, PronType=Prs, PronType=Rcp, PronType=Rel, PronType=Tot

PRON occurs with 51 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs (888 tokens). Examples: det, detta

Relations

PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 24 different relations: sv-dep/nsubj (2775; 60% instances), sv-dep/obj (531; 11% instances), sv-dep/expl (399; 9% instances), sv-dep/obl (263; 6% instances), sv-dep/nsubj:pass (252; 5% instances), sv-dep/fixed (88; 2% instances), sv-dep/iobj (80; 2% instances), sv-dep/nmod (51; 1% instances), sv-dep/dislocated (36; 1% instances), sv-dep/root (33; 1% instances), sv-dep/conj (30; 1% instances), sv-dep/det (19; 0% instances), sv-dep/advcl (16; 0% instances), sv-dep/amod (15; 0% instances), sv-dep/acl (12; 0% instances), sv-dep/xcomp (10; 0% instances), sv-dep/obl:agent (7; 0% instances), sv-dep/appos (6; 0% instances), sv-dep/parataxis (6; 0% instances), sv-dep/acl:relcl (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/case (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/ccomp (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/csubj (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/orphan (2; 0% instances)

Parents of PRON nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: VERB (3837; 83% instances), ADJ (344; 7% instances), NOUN (282; 6% instances), PRON (64; 1% instances), ADV (36; 1% instances), ADP (33; 1% instances), ROOT (33; 1% instances), CCONJ (6; 0% instances), PROPN (4; 0% instances), DET (3; 0% instances), NUM (3; 0% instances)

4009 (86%) PRON nodes are leaves.

423 (9%) PRON nodes have one child.

120 (3%) PRON nodes have two children.

93 (2%) PRON nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PRON node is 6.

Children of PRON nodes are attached using 24 different relations: sv-dep/case (320; 31% instances), sv-dep/acl:relcl (169; 16% instances), sv-dep/fixed (77; 7% instances), sv-dep/nmod (74; 7% instances), sv-dep/punct (73; 7% instances), sv-dep/cop (48; 5% instances), sv-dep/nsubj (47; 5% instances), sv-dep/advmod (45; 4% instances), sv-dep/acl (43; 4% instances), sv-dep/mark (28; 3% instances), sv-dep/cc (27; 3% instances), sv-dep/conj (22; 2% instances), sv-dep/obl (17; 2% instances), sv-dep/det (9; 1% instances), sv-dep/advcl (6; 1% instances), sv-dep/amod (6; 1% instances), sv-dep/appos (6; 1% instances), sv-dep/parataxis (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/aux (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/csubj (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/obj (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/dislocated (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/nummod (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/orphan (1; 0% instances)

Children of PRON nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: ADP (334; 32% instances), VERB (172; 17% instances), NOUN (144; 14% instances), PUNCT (73; 7% instances), CCONJ (67; 7% instances), PRON (64; 6% instances), ADV (56; 5% instances), ADJ (52; 5% instances), AUX (50; 5% instances), DET (9; 1% instances), SCONJ (4; 0% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances), PROPN (2; 0% instances), SYM (1; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_Swedish-LinES)

There are 1 PRON lemmas (6%), 96 PRON types (1%) and 6631 PRON tokens (10%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 11 in number of lemmas, 7 in number of types and 5 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: _

The 10 most frequent PRON types: han, det, jag, sig, du, de, vi, den, honom, man

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: _ (NOUN 11462, VERB 8134, ADP 7148, PUNCT 6980, PRON 6631, ADV 4925, ADJ 4444, DET 3508, AUX 2803, CCONJ 2463, SCONJ 2183, PROPN 2158, PART 1442, NUM 339, INTJ 143, X 15, SYM 9)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: det (PRON 639, DET 207), jag (PRON 392, NOUN 1), du (PRON 230, DET 1), de (DET 231, PRON 196, ADP 1), den (DET 431, PRON 165, PROPN 1), man (PRON 137, NOUN 37), vad (PRON 118, SCONJ 2, DET 1), hon (PRON 105, NOUN 1), sitt (PRON 79, VERB 1), detta (DET 47, PRON 45)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 96.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 693.647059).

The 1st highest number of forms (96) was observed with the lemma “_”: alla, allas, allesammans, allihop, allihopa, allt, alltihop, allting, alltsammans, andra, andras, annat, bägge, båda, bådadera, de, dem, den, denna, denne, densamma, deras, dess, dessa, det, detsamma, detta, dig, din, dina, ditt, dom, du, en, ens, er, era, ert, ett, han, hans, henne, hennes, hon, honom, ingen, ingenting, inget, intet, jag, lite, litet, man, mej, mig, min, mina, mitt, mycket, många, ni, någon, någonting, något, några, nån, nånting, nåt, oss, sig, sin, sina, sitt, somliga, sådan, sådana, sådant, sån, såna, sånt, te, vad, var, varandra, varandras, varann, vars, vem, vi, vilka, vilkas, vilken, vilket, vår, våra, vårt.

PRON does not occur with any features.

Relations

PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 26 different relations: sv-dep/nsubj (3393; 51% instances), sv-dep/obj (1072; 16% instances), sv-dep/nmod:poss (724; 11% instances), sv-dep/obl (436; 7% instances), sv-dep/expl (392; 6% instances), sv-dep/nmod (171; 3% instances), sv-dep/nsubj:pass (112; 2% instances), sv-dep/iobj (78; 1% instances), sv-dep/root (66; 1% instances), sv-dep/conj (44; 1% instances), sv-dep/dislocated (43; 1% instances), sv-dep/xcomp (19; 0% instances), sv-dep/advmod (13; 0% instances), sv-dep/compound:prt (13; 0% instances), sv-dep/fixed (12; 0% instances), sv-dep/appos (9; 0% instances), sv-dep/det (9; 0% instances), sv-dep/ccomp (7; 0% instances), sv-dep/discourse (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/obl:agent (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/acl:relcl (3; 0% instances), sv-dep/amod (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/parataxis (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/advcl (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/csubj (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/reparandum (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PRON nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: VERB (4958; 75% instances), NOUN (1043; 16% instances), ADJ (295; 4% instances), PRON (114; 2% instances), AUX (72; 1% instances), ROOT (66; 1% instances), ADV (42; 1% instances), PROPN (26; 0% instances), CCONJ (5; 0% instances), ADP (4; 0% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances), SCONJ (2; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances), PART (1; 0% instances)

5607 (85%) PRON nodes are leaves.

733 (11%) PRON nodes have one child.

155 (2%) PRON nodes have two children.

136 (2%) PRON nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PRON node is 9.

Children of PRON nodes are attached using 29 different relations: sv-dep/case (624; 39% instances), sv-dep/punct (129; 8% instances), sv-dep/nmod (121; 8% instances), sv-dep/advmod (115; 7% instances), sv-dep/cop (92; 6% instances), sv-dep/amod (85; 5% instances), sv-dep/acl:relcl (81; 5% instances), sv-dep/nsubj (54; 3% instances), sv-dep/fixed (41; 3% instances), sv-dep/cc (39; 2% instances), sv-dep/conj (39; 2% instances), sv-dep/det (32; 2% instances), sv-dep/expl (25; 2% instances), sv-dep/acl (24; 1% instances), sv-dep/dislocated (20; 1% instances), sv-dep/appos (13; 1% instances), sv-dep/parataxis (13; 1% instances), sv-dep/mark (12; 1% instances), sv-dep/aux (10; 1% instances), sv-dep/csubj (8; 0% instances), sv-dep/discourse (8; 0% instances), sv-dep/nmod:poss (5; 0% instances), sv-dep/xcomp (5; 0% instances), sv-dep/ccomp (3; 0% instances), sv-dep/advcl (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/compound:prt (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/nummod (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/reparandum (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/vocative (1; 0% instances)

Children of PRON nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: ADP (632; 39% instances), VERB (154; 10% instances), ADV (131; 8% instances), PUNCT (129; 8% instances), NOUN (125; 8% instances), PRON (114; 7% instances), AUX (103; 6% instances), ADJ (88; 5% instances), CCONJ (39; 2% instances), DET (31; 2% instances), PROPN (22; 1% instances), PART (17; 1% instances), SCONJ (10; 1% instances), INTJ (7; 0% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_Swedish_Sign_Language)

There are 1 PRON lemmas (10%), 8 PRON types (3%) and 29 PRON tokens (8%). Out of 10 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 8 in number of lemmas, 5 in number of types and 4 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: _

The 10 most frequent PRON types: PRO1, PEK, PEK@z, pro@&, ANNAN(ea), MÅNGA, NÅGON, VAD@z

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: _ (VERB 187, NOUN 73, X 45, PRON 29, ADV 19, DET 12, INTJ 7, ADJ 5, NUM 4, ADP 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: PEK (DET 11, PRON 9)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 8.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 23.100000).

The 1st highest number of forms (8) was observed with the lemma “_”: ANNAN(ea), MÅNGA, NÅGON, PEK, PEK@z, PRO1, VAD@z, pro@&.

PRON does not occur with any features.

Relations

PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 6 different relations: sv-dep/conj (13; 45% instances), sv-dep/nsubj (9; 31% instances), sv-dep/nmod (3; 10% instances), sv-dep/det (2; 7% instances), sv-dep/advmod (1; 3% instances), sv-dep/dobj (1; 3% instances)

Parents of PRON nodes belong to 5 different parts of speech: VERB (13; 45% instances), PRON (9; 31% instances), NOUN (4; 14% instances), X (2; 7% instances), ADV (1; 3% instances)

21 (72%) PRON nodes are leaves.

4 (14%) PRON nodes have one child.

3 (10%) PRON nodes have two children.

1 (3%) PRON nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PRON node is 3.

Children of PRON nodes are attached using 4 different relations: sv-dep/conj (10; 77% instances), sv-dep/acl (1; 8% instances), sv-dep/advmod (1; 8% instances), sv-dep/det (1; 8% instances)

Children of PRON nodes belong to 4 different parts of speech: PRON (9; 69% instances), VERB (2; 15% instances), DET (1; 8% instances), NOUN (1; 8% instances)


PRON in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]