PRON
: pronoun
Definition
Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases. Their meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context.
Examples
- Personal (subject) pronouns: jag “I”, du “you”, han “he”, hon “she”, det/den “it”, vi “we”, de “they”
- Personal (object)/reflexive pronouns: mig “me/myself”, dig “you/yourself”, honom “him”, henne “her”, sig “itself/himself/herself/themselves”, oss “us/ourselves”
- Demonstrative pronouns: detta “that/this” as in detta är en svår fråga “that is a difficult question”
- Interrogative pronouns: vem “who” vad “what” as in Vad tycker du? “What do you think?”
- Relative pronouns: vem, vad as in vem denna person än är “whoever this person is”
- Indefinite pronouns: någon “someone/anybody”, något “something/anything”
- Totality pronouns: alla “everyone”, allt “everything”
- Negative pronouns: ingen “nobody”, inget “nothing”
Treebank Statistics (UD_Swedish)
There are 48 PRON
lemmas (1%), 69 PRON
types (1%) and 4645 PRON
tokens (6%).
Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of PRON
is: 8 in number of lemmas, 8 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent PRON
lemmas: den, som, man, de, vi, sig, du, denna, han, vad
The 10 most frequent PRON
types: det, som, man, de, sig, vi, du, den, detta, vad
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: den (PRON 1070, DET 37, ADV 1), som (PRON 878, CCONJ 337, ADV 56, SCONJ 3), man (PRON 542, NOUN 173, DET 3), de (PRON 381, DET 71, PROPN 2), vi (PRON 324, DET 111, PROPN 2, NOUN 1), sig (PRON 274, DET 251), du (PRON 255, DET 50), denna (DET 249, PRON 147), han (PRON 104, DET 14), vad (PRON 100, ADV 1)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: det (PRON 576, DET 228), som (PRON 878, CCONJ 326, ADV 48, SCONJ 3), man (PRON 423, NOUN 63), de (DET 396, PRON 227, PROPN 2), den (DET 535, PRON 147), detta (PRON 74, DET 50), vad (PRON 58, ADV 1), jag (PRON 38, NOUN 1), en (DET 1000, NUM 50, PRON 29), något (DET 36, PRON 30, ADV 17)
- det
- som
- PRON 878: Två huvudfaktorer kan urskiljas som förklarar men inte ursäktar :
- CCONJ 326: Den olika könsrollen som barnavårdare och uppfostrare .
- ADV 48: Provbada med flytvästen då och då och se att den fungerar som den ska .
- SCONJ 3: Du kommer under din utbildning att få se och höra sådant som måste hållas hemligt .
- man
- de
- den
- detta
- vad
- PRON 58: Bilköparen har rätt att veta vad han / hon lägger ner pengar på .
- ADV 1: I en vanlig familj är barnen helt utlämnade åt eventuella misstag och försummelser från föräldrarnas sida och , vad mera är , de kan få hela sitt liv upp och nedvänt om föräldrarna skulle skilja sig eller dö och lämna barnen utan någon fast punkt .
- jag
- en
- något
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of PRON
is 1.437500 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.407742).
The 1st highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “en”: de, den, det, en, ett.
The 2nd highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “denna”: denna, denne, dessa, detta.
The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “de”: de, dem, dom.
PRON
occurs with 6 features: sv-feat/PronType (4645; 100% instances), sv-feat/Definite (3767; 81% instances), sv-feat/Number (3493; 75% instances), sv-feat/Gender (2913; 63% instances), sv-feat/Case (2048; 44% instances), sv-feat/Polarity (1; 0% instances)
PRON
occurs with 18 feature-value pairs: Case=Acc
, Case=Nom
, Definite=Def
, Definite=Ind
, Gender=Com
, Gender=Masc
, Gender=Neut
, Number=Plur
, Number=Sing
, Polarity=Neg
, PronType=Dem
, PronType=Ind
, PronType=Int
, PronType=Neg
, PronType=Prs
, PronType=Rcp
, PronType=Rel
, PronType=Tot
PRON
occurs with 51 feature combinations.
The most frequent feature combination is Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs
(888 tokens).
Examples: det, detta
Relations
PRON
nodes are attached to their parents using 24 different relations: sv-dep/nsubj (2775; 60% instances), sv-dep/obj (531; 11% instances), sv-dep/expl (399; 9% instances), sv-dep/obl (263; 6% instances), sv-dep/nsubj:pass (252; 5% instances), sv-dep/fixed (88; 2% instances), sv-dep/iobj (80; 2% instances), sv-dep/nmod (51; 1% instances), sv-dep/dislocated (36; 1% instances), sv-dep/root (33; 1% instances), sv-dep/conj (30; 1% instances), sv-dep/det (19; 0% instances), sv-dep/advcl (16; 0% instances), sv-dep/amod (15; 0% instances), sv-dep/acl (12; 0% instances), sv-dep/xcomp (10; 0% instances), sv-dep/obl:agent (7; 0% instances), sv-dep/appos (6; 0% instances), sv-dep/parataxis (6; 0% instances), sv-dep/acl:relcl (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/case (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/ccomp (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/csubj (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/orphan (2; 0% instances)
Parents of PRON
nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: VERB (3837; 83% instances), ADJ (344; 7% instances), NOUN (282; 6% instances), PRON (64; 1% instances), ADV (36; 1% instances), ADP (33; 1% instances), ROOT (33; 1% instances), CCONJ (6; 0% instances), PROPN (4; 0% instances), DET (3; 0% instances), NUM (3; 0% instances)
4009 (86%) PRON
nodes are leaves.
423 (9%) PRON
nodes have one child.
120 (3%) PRON
nodes have two children.
93 (2%) PRON
nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a PRON
node is 6.
Children of PRON
nodes are attached using 24 different relations: sv-dep/case (320; 31% instances), sv-dep/acl:relcl (169; 16% instances), sv-dep/fixed (77; 7% instances), sv-dep/nmod (74; 7% instances), sv-dep/punct (73; 7% instances), sv-dep/cop (48; 5% instances), sv-dep/nsubj (47; 5% instances), sv-dep/advmod (45; 4% instances), sv-dep/acl (43; 4% instances), sv-dep/mark (28; 3% instances), sv-dep/cc (27; 3% instances), sv-dep/conj (22; 2% instances), sv-dep/obl (17; 2% instances), sv-dep/det (9; 1% instances), sv-dep/advcl (6; 1% instances), sv-dep/amod (6; 1% instances), sv-dep/appos (6; 1% instances), sv-dep/parataxis (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/aux (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/csubj (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/obj (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/dislocated (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/nummod (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/orphan (1; 0% instances)
Children of PRON
nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: ADP (334; 32% instances), VERB (172; 17% instances), NOUN (144; 14% instances), PUNCT (73; 7% instances), CCONJ (67; 7% instances), PRON (64; 6% instances), ADV (56; 5% instances), ADJ (52; 5% instances), AUX (50; 5% instances), DET (9; 1% instances), SCONJ (4; 0% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances), PROPN (2; 0% instances), SYM (1; 0% instances)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Swedish-LinES)
There are 1 PRON
lemmas (6%), 96 PRON
types (1%) and 6631 PRON
tokens (10%).
Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of PRON
is: 11 in number of lemmas, 7 in number of types and 5 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent PRON
lemmas: _
The 10 most frequent PRON
types: han, det, jag, sig, du, de, vi, den, honom, man
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: _ (NOUN 11462, VERB 8134, ADP 7148, PUNCT 6980, PRON 6631, ADV 4925, ADJ 4444, DET 3508, AUX 2803, CCONJ 2463, SCONJ 2183, PROPN 2158, PART 1442, NUM 339, INTJ 143, X 15, SYM 9)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: det (PRON 639, DET 207), jag (PRON 392, NOUN 1), du (PRON 230, DET 1), de (DET 231, PRON 196, ADP 1), den (DET 431, PRON 165, PROPN 1), man (PRON 137, NOUN 37), vad (PRON 118, SCONJ 2, DET 1), hon (PRON 105, NOUN 1), sitt (PRON 79, VERB 1), detta (DET 47, PRON 45)
- det
- jag
- du
- de
- den
- man
- vad
- hon
- sitt
- detta
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of PRON
is 96.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 693.647059).
The 1st highest number of forms (96) was observed with the lemma “_”: alla, allas, allesammans, allihop, allihopa, allt, alltihop, allting, alltsammans, andra, andras, annat, bägge, båda, bådadera, de, dem, den, denna, denne, densamma, deras, dess, dessa, det, detsamma, detta, dig, din, dina, ditt, dom, du, en, ens, er, era, ert, ett, han, hans, henne, hennes, hon, honom, ingen, ingenting, inget, intet, jag, lite, litet, man, mej, mig, min, mina, mitt, mycket, många, ni, någon, någonting, något, några, nån, nånting, nåt, oss, sig, sin, sina, sitt, somliga, sådan, sådana, sådant, sån, såna, sånt, te, vad, var, varandra, varandras, varann, vars, vem, vi, vilka, vilkas, vilken, vilket, vår, våra, vårt.
PRON
does not occur with any features.
Relations
PRON
nodes are attached to their parents using 26 different relations: sv-dep/nsubj (3393; 51% instances), sv-dep/obj (1072; 16% instances), sv-dep/nmod:poss (724; 11% instances), sv-dep/obl (436; 7% instances), sv-dep/expl (392; 6% instances), sv-dep/nmod (171; 3% instances), sv-dep/nsubj:pass (112; 2% instances), sv-dep/iobj (78; 1% instances), sv-dep/root (66; 1% instances), sv-dep/conj (44; 1% instances), sv-dep/dislocated (43; 1% instances), sv-dep/xcomp (19; 0% instances), sv-dep/advmod (13; 0% instances), sv-dep/compound:prt (13; 0% instances), sv-dep/fixed (12; 0% instances), sv-dep/appos (9; 0% instances), sv-dep/det (9; 0% instances), sv-dep/ccomp (7; 0% instances), sv-dep/discourse (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/obl:agent (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/acl:relcl (3; 0% instances), sv-dep/amod (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/parataxis (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/advcl (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/csubj (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/reparandum (1; 0% instances)
Parents of PRON
nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: VERB (4958; 75% instances), NOUN (1043; 16% instances), ADJ (295; 4% instances), PRON (114; 2% instances), AUX (72; 1% instances), ROOT (66; 1% instances), ADV (42; 1% instances), PROPN (26; 0% instances), CCONJ (5; 0% instances), ADP (4; 0% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances), SCONJ (2; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances), PART (1; 0% instances)
5607 (85%) PRON
nodes are leaves.
733 (11%) PRON
nodes have one child.
155 (2%) PRON
nodes have two children.
136 (2%) PRON
nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a PRON
node is 9.
Children of PRON
nodes are attached using 29 different relations: sv-dep/case (624; 39% instances), sv-dep/punct (129; 8% instances), sv-dep/nmod (121; 8% instances), sv-dep/advmod (115; 7% instances), sv-dep/cop (92; 6% instances), sv-dep/amod (85; 5% instances), sv-dep/acl:relcl (81; 5% instances), sv-dep/nsubj (54; 3% instances), sv-dep/fixed (41; 3% instances), sv-dep/cc (39; 2% instances), sv-dep/conj (39; 2% instances), sv-dep/det (32; 2% instances), sv-dep/expl (25; 2% instances), sv-dep/acl (24; 1% instances), sv-dep/dislocated (20; 1% instances), sv-dep/appos (13; 1% instances), sv-dep/parataxis (13; 1% instances), sv-dep/mark (12; 1% instances), sv-dep/aux (10; 1% instances), sv-dep/csubj (8; 0% instances), sv-dep/discourse (8; 0% instances), sv-dep/nmod:poss (5; 0% instances), sv-dep/xcomp (5; 0% instances), sv-dep/ccomp (3; 0% instances), sv-dep/advcl (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/compound:prt (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/nummod (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/reparandum (1; 0% instances), sv-dep/vocative (1; 0% instances)
Children of PRON
nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: ADP (632; 39% instances), VERB (154; 10% instances), ADV (131; 8% instances), PUNCT (129; 8% instances), NOUN (125; 8% instances), PRON (114; 7% instances), AUX (103; 6% instances), ADJ (88; 5% instances), CCONJ (39; 2% instances), DET (31; 2% instances), PROPN (22; 1% instances), PART (17; 1% instances), SCONJ (10; 1% instances), INTJ (7; 0% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Swedish_Sign_Language)
There are 1 PRON
lemmas (10%), 8 PRON
types (3%) and 29 PRON
tokens (8%).
Out of 10 observed tags, the rank of PRON
is: 8 in number of lemmas, 5 in number of types and 4 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent PRON
lemmas: _
The 10 most frequent PRON
types: PRO1, PEK, PEK@z, pro@&, ANNAN(ea), MÅNGA, NÅGON, VAD@z
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: _ (VERB 187, NOUN 73, X 45, PRON 29, ADV 19, DET 12, INTJ 7, ADJ 5, NUM 4, ADP 1)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: PEK (DET 11, PRON 9)
- PEK
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of PRON
is 8.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 23.100000).
The 1st highest number of forms (8) was observed with the lemma “_”: ANNAN(ea), MÅNGA, NÅGON, PEK, PEK@z, PRO1, VAD@z, pro@&.
PRON
does not occur with any features.
Relations
PRON
nodes are attached to their parents using 6 different relations: sv-dep/conj (13; 45% instances), sv-dep/nsubj (9; 31% instances), sv-dep/nmod (3; 10% instances), sv-dep/det (2; 7% instances), sv-dep/advmod (1; 3% instances), sv-dep/dobj (1; 3% instances)
Parents of PRON
nodes belong to 5 different parts of speech: VERB (13; 45% instances), PRON (9; 31% instances), NOUN (4; 14% instances), X (2; 7% instances), ADV (1; 3% instances)
21 (72%) PRON
nodes are leaves.
4 (14%) PRON
nodes have one child.
3 (10%) PRON
nodes have two children.
1 (3%) PRON
nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a PRON
node is 3.
Children of PRON
nodes are attached using 4 different relations: sv-dep/conj (10; 77% instances), sv-dep/acl (1; 8% instances), sv-dep/advmod (1; 8% instances), sv-dep/det (1; 8% instances)
Children of PRON
nodes belong to 4 different parts of speech: PRON (9; 69% instances), VERB (2; 15% instances), DET (1; 8% instances), NOUN (1; 8% instances)
PRON in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]