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PRON: pronoun

PRON is used for English pronouns, such as we, her, it, who, and that when used as a relative pronoun.

The English PRON corresponds to the PTB PRP, PRP$, WP, WP$, EX, and certain things that are tagged DT (question and Wh pronouns, such as who, this, and that), when they comprise a nominal by themselves rather than functioning as the determiner of a nominal head (usually a noun). (The assignment of PRP$ and WP$ to PRON might be subject to revision - they could also become DET.)


Treebank Statistics (UD_English)

There are 80 PRON lemmas (0%), 90 PRON types (0%) and 20795 PRON tokens (9%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 11 in number of lemmas, 11 in number of types and 4 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: i, you, it, they, he, we, my, that, she, this

The 10 most frequent PRON types: i, you, it, they, my, we, that, he, your, me

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: i (PRON 354, X 2, NUM 1), you (PRON 3226, NOUN 1), it (PRON 2071, NOUN 10, ADP 1, VERB 1, ADV 1), he (PRON 1600, INTJ 2), we (PRON 1567, NOUN 2, VERB 1), my (PRON 1004, INTJ 2, X 2), that (SCONJ 1079, PRON 912, DET 201, ADV 41, ADP 4), this (DET 814, PRON 468, ADV 5, NOUN 1), what (PRON 444, DET 69, X 1), there (PRON 419, ADV 237, X 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: i (PRON 353, X 2, NUM 1), it (PRON 1642, SCONJ 1, VERB 1, ADV 1, ADP 1), my (PRON 851, INTJ 2, X 2), we (PRON 665, VERB 1, NOUN 1), that (SCONJ 1072, PRON 841, DET 183, ADV 40, ADP 4), he (PRON 652, INTJ 1), your (PRON 696, X 1), this (DET 687, PRON 339, ADV 5, NOUN 1), their (PRON 433, ADV 2), what (PRON 340, DET 44, VERB 1, X 1)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 1.125000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.181137).

The 1st highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “he”: he, him, his.

The 2nd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “they”: their, them, they.

The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “we”: our, us, we.

PRON occurs with 8 features: en-feat/PronType (19624; 94% instances), en-feat/Person (16906; 81% instances), en-feat/Number (15176; 73% instances), en-feat/Case (13547; 65% instances), en-feat/Gender (4430; 21% instances), en-feat/Poss (3337; 16% instances), en-feat/Reflex (117; 1% instances), en-feat/Definite (1; 0% instances)

PRON occurs with 18 feature-value pairs: Case=Acc, Case=Nom, Definite=Def, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Gender=Neut, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Poss=Yes, PronType=Art, PronType=Dem, PronType=Int, PronType=Prs, PronType=Rel, Reflex=Yes

PRON occurs with 46 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs (3822 tokens). Examples: i

Relations

PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 27 different relations: en-dep/nsubj (11595; 56% instances), en-dep/nmod:poss (3371; 16% instances), en-dep/obj (2649; 13% instances), en-dep/obl (886; 4% instances), en-dep/expl (661; 3% instances), en-dep/nsubj:pass (510; 2% instances), en-dep/iobj (354; 2% instances), en-dep/nmod (342; 2% instances), en-dep/conj (166; 1% instances), en-dep/root (96; 0% instances), en-dep/nmod:npmod (29; 0% instances), en-dep/ccomp (26; 0% instances), en-dep/advcl (20; 0% instances), en-dep/parataxis (20; 0% instances), en-dep/obl:npmod (16; 0% instances), en-dep/appos (14; 0% instances), en-dep/det (10; 0% instances), en-dep/xcomp (8; 0% instances), en-dep/compound (5; 0% instances), en-dep/reparandum (4; 0% instances), en-dep/acl:relcl (3; 0% instances), en-dep/vocative (3; 0% instances), en-dep/csubj (2; 0% instances), en-dep/det:predet (2; 0% instances), en-dep/advmod (1; 0% instances), en-dep/case (1; 0% instances), en-dep/list (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PRON nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: VERB (13961; 67% instances), NOUN (4602; 22% instances), ADJ (1446; 7% instances), ADV (166; 1% instances), PROPN (157; 1% instances), PRON (137; 1% instances), ROOT (96; 0% instances), NUM (75; 0% instances), AUX (71; 0% instances), DET (57; 0% instances), SYM (12; 0% instances), ADP (10; 0% instances), SCONJ (2; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances), PART (1; 0% instances), X (1; 0% instances)

18746 (90%) PRON nodes are leaves.

1532 (7%) PRON nodes have one child.

295 (1%) PRON nodes have two children.

222 (1%) PRON nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PRON node is 11.

Children of PRON nodes are attached using 35 different relations: en-dep/case (1285; 43% instances), en-dep/acl:relcl (278; 9% instances), en-dep/punct (208; 7% instances), en-dep/cc (160; 5% instances), en-dep/nmod (156; 5% instances), en-dep/cop (145; 5% instances), en-dep/nsubj (140; 5% instances), en-dep/conj (126; 4% instances), en-dep/amod (122; 4% instances), en-dep/advmod (92; 3% instances), en-dep/acl (59; 2% instances), en-dep/det (50; 2% instances), en-dep/appos (39; 1% instances), en-dep/advcl (34; 1% instances), en-dep/mark (31; 1% instances), en-dep/aux (19; 1% instances), en-dep/obl (16; 1% instances), en-dep/parataxis (12; 0% instances), en-dep/nmod:npmod (5; 0% instances), en-dep/discourse (4; 0% instances), en-dep/goeswith (4; 0% instances), en-dep/cc:preconj (3; 0% instances), en-dep/compound (2; 0% instances), en-dep/csubj (2; 0% instances), en-dep/expl (2; 0% instances), en-dep/flat (2; 0% instances), en-dep/xcomp (2; 0% instances), en-dep/aux:pass (1; 0% instances), en-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), en-dep/dislocated (1; 0% instances), en-dep/nmod:poss (1; 0% instances), en-dep/nummod (1; 0% instances), en-dep/orphan (1; 0% instances), en-dep/reparandum (1; 0% instances), en-dep/vocative (1; 0% instances)

Children of PRON nodes belong to 17 different parts of speech: ADP (1212; 40% instances), VERB (369; 12% instances), NOUN (259; 9% instances), PUNCT (213; 7% instances), AUX (171; 6% instances), CCONJ (155; 5% instances), ADJ (138; 5% instances), PRON (133; 4% instances), ADV (91; 3% instances), SCONJ (86; 3% instances), PROPN (75; 2% instances), DET (58; 2% instances), PART (30; 1% instances), NUM (6; 0% instances), INTJ (5; 0% instances), X (4; 0% instances), SYM (1; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ESL)

There are 1 PRON lemmas (6%), 1 PRON types (6%) and 9575 PRON tokens (11%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 11 in number of lemmas, 11 in number of types and 3 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: _

The 10 most frequent PRON types: _

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: _ (NOUN 14135, VERB 13583, PRON 9575, DET 9068, PUNCT 8624, ADP 7769, ADJ 5278, ADV 5121, AUX 4111, PART 3169, CONJ 2865, SCONJ 2278, PROPN 1574, NUM 776, INTJ 67, X 60, SYM 37)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: _ (NOUN 14135, VERB 13583, PRON 9575, DET 9068, PUNCT 8624, ADP 7769, ADJ 5278, ADV 5121, AUX 4111, PART 3169, CONJ 2865, SCONJ 2278, PROPN 1574, NUM 776, INTJ 67, X 60, SYM 37)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 1.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.000000).

The 1st highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “_”: _.

PRON does not occur with any features.

Relations

PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 23 different relations: en-dep/nsubj (6710; 70% instances), en-dep/dobj (1134; 12% instances), en-dep/nmod (792; 8% instances), en-dep/expl (505; 5% instances), en-dep/iobj (165; 2% instances), en-dep/nsubjpass (153; 2% instances), en-dep/conj (48; 1% instances), en-dep/nmod:poss (14; 0% instances), en-dep/root (14; 0% instances), en-dep/ccomp (10; 0% instances), en-dep/nmod:npmod (7; 0% instances), en-dep/parataxis (5; 0% instances), en-dep/advcl (4; 0% instances), en-dep/acl:relcl (3; 0% instances), en-dep/xcomp (3; 0% instances), en-dep/acl (1; 0% instances), en-dep/appos (1; 0% instances), en-dep/aux (1; 0% instances), en-dep/compound (1; 0% instances), en-dep/det (1; 0% instances), en-dep/list (1; 0% instances), en-dep/mwe (1; 0% instances), en-dep/remnant (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PRON nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: VERB (7507; 78% instances), ADJ (1084; 11% instances), NOUN (756; 8% instances), ADV (54; 1% instances), PRON (36; 0% instances), NUM (34; 0% instances), AUX (30; 0% instances), PROPN (30; 0% instances), DET (28; 0% instances), ROOT (14; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances), PART (1; 0% instances)

8518 (89%) PRON nodes are leaves.

890 (9%) PRON nodes have one child.

104 (1%) PRON nodes have two children.

63 (1%) PRON nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PRON node is 8.

Children of PRON nodes are attached using 31 different relations: en-dep/case (815; 60% instances), en-dep/acl:relcl (74; 5% instances), en-dep/nmod (62; 5% instances), en-dep/cc (50; 4% instances), en-dep/conj (50; 4% instances), en-dep/punct (41; 3% instances), en-dep/amod (39; 3% instances), en-dep/cop (37; 3% instances), en-dep/det (37; 3% instances), en-dep/acl (29; 2% instances), en-dep/nsubj (29; 2% instances), en-dep/advmod (25; 2% instances), en-dep/mark (11; 1% instances), en-dep/neg (9; 1% instances), en-dep/parataxis (9; 1% instances), en-dep/appos (7; 1% instances), en-dep/aux (6; 0% instances), en-dep/advcl (5; 0% instances), en-dep/det:predet (4; 0% instances), en-dep/dobj (4; 0% instances), en-dep/xcomp (4; 0% instances), en-dep/expl (2; 0% instances), en-dep/goeswith (2; 0% instances), en-dep/remnant (2; 0% instances), en-dep/cc:preconj (1; 0% instances), en-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), en-dep/csubj (1; 0% instances), en-dep/discourse (1; 0% instances), en-dep/dislocated (1; 0% instances), en-dep/nmod:npmod (1; 0% instances), en-dep/nummod (1; 0% instances)

Children of PRON nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: ADP (802; 59% instances), VERB (160; 12% instances), NOUN (107; 8% instances), ADJ (50; 4% instances), CONJ (50; 4% instances), DET (44; 3% instances), PUNCT (41; 3% instances), PRON (36; 3% instances), ADV (30; 2% instances), PART (16; 1% instances), SCONJ (10; 1% instances), AUX (7; 1% instances), PROPN (4; 0% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_English-LinES)

There are 1 PRON lemmas (6%), 79 PRON types (1%) and 6303 PRON tokens (9%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 11 in number of lemmas, 7 in number of types and 6 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: _

The 10 most frequent PRON types: he, it, I, you, his, they, him, we, what, there

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: _ (NOUN 12161, PUNCT 8085, VERB 8020, ADP 6788, DET 6429, PRON 6303, ADJ 4270, ADV 3700, AUX 3539, PROPN 2257, CCONJ 2081, PART 1703, SCONJ 1231, NUM 462, INTJ 122, X 41, SYM 5)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: what (PRON 131, DET 8), there (PRON 101, ADV 64), that (SCONJ 505, DET 99, PRON 88), this (DET 130, PRON 65), one (PRON 89, NUM 88, DET 7), which (PRON 88, DET 7), all (DET 79, PRON 75, ADV 35, ADP 1), other (ADJ 76, PRON 21), each (DET 26, PRON 19), some (DET 62, PRON 13, ADV 3)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 79.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 527.705882).

The 1st highest number of forms (79) was observed with the lemma “_”: ‘em, ‘s, ‘ye, I, Neither, Whoever, Yer, a, all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, else, everybody, everyone, everything, half, he, her, hers, herself, him, himself, his, it, its, itself, me, mine, my, myself, no, nobody, none, noone, nothing, one, ones, oneself, other, others, our, ours, ourselves, own, she, some, somebody, someone, something, such, that, their, theirs, them, themselves, there, these, they, this, those, us, we, what, whatever, whatnot, which, who, whom, whose, you, your, yours, yourself.

PRON does not occur with any features.

Relations

PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 22 different relations: en-dep/nsubj (3270; 52% instances), en-dep/nmod:poss (1000; 16% instances), en-dep/obj (719; 11% instances), en-dep/obl (403; 6% instances), en-dep/nmod (229; 4% instances), en-dep/expl (218; 3% instances), en-dep/nsubj:pass (151; 2% instances), en-dep/root (53; 1% instances), en-dep/conj (47; 1% instances), en-dep/iobj (39; 1% instances), en-dep/dislocated (38; 1% instances), en-dep/fixed (31; 0% instances), en-dep/mark (29; 0% instances), en-dep/advmod (18; 0% instances), en-dep/xcomp (16; 0% instances), en-dep/appos (15; 0% instances), en-dep/obl:agent (9; 0% instances), en-dep/amod (8; 0% instances), en-dep/det (6; 0% instances), en-dep/discourse (2; 0% instances), en-dep/acl:relcl (1; 0% instances), en-dep/vocative (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PRON nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: VERB (4296; 68% instances), NOUN (1358; 22% instances), ADJ (291; 5% instances), PRON (141; 2% instances), AUX (84; 1% instances), ROOT (53; 1% instances), PROPN (41; 1% instances), ADV (12; 0% instances), ADP (10; 0% instances), NUM (7; 0% instances), PUNCT (5; 0% instances), DET (3; 0% instances), PART (1; 0% instances), SCONJ (1; 0% instances)

5330 (85%) PRON nodes are leaves.

693 (11%) PRON nodes have one child.

168 (3%) PRON nodes have two children.

112 (2%) PRON nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PRON node is 11.

Children of PRON nodes are attached using 29 different relations: en-dep/case (600; 40% instances), en-dep/punct (164; 11% instances), en-dep/nmod (155; 10% instances), en-dep/cop (78; 5% instances), en-dep/advmod (76; 5% instances), en-dep/nsubj (71; 5% instances), en-dep/det (56; 4% instances), en-dep/amod (55; 4% instances), en-dep/acl:relcl (43; 3% instances), en-dep/conj (43; 3% instances), en-dep/cc (38; 3% instances), en-dep/fixed (34; 2% instances), en-dep/acl (30; 2% instances), en-dep/advcl (10; 1% instances), en-dep/appos (10; 1% instances), en-dep/mark (9; 1% instances), en-dep/aux (6; 0% instances), en-dep/expl (4; 0% instances), en-dep/csubj (3; 0% instances), en-dep/discourse (3; 0% instances), en-dep/nummod (3; 0% instances), en-dep/dislocated (2; 0% instances), en-dep/nmod:poss (2; 0% instances), en-dep/parataxis (2; 0% instances), en-dep/xcomp (2; 0% instances), en-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), en-dep/compound (1; 0% instances), en-dep/obj (1; 0% instances), en-dep/vocative (1; 0% instances)

Children of PRON nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: ADP (601; 40% instances), PUNCT (164; 11% instances), NOUN (143; 10% instances), PRON (141; 9% instances), VERB (114; 8% instances), AUX (84; 6% instances), ADV (67; 4% instances), DET (57; 4% instances), ADJ (49; 3% instances), CCONJ (38; 3% instances), PROPN (20; 1% instances), PART (12; 1% instances), SCONJ (6; 0% instances), INTJ (4; 0% instances), NUM (3; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ParTUT)

There are 42 PRON lemmas (1%), 54 PRON types (1%) and 1498 PRON tokens (4%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 9 in number of lemmas, 9 in number of types and 10 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: it, he, that, which, i, they, we, you, this, who

The 10 most frequent PRON types: it, that, which, he, I, we, they, you, this, who

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: that (SCONJ 246, PRON 169, DET 43, ADJ 2), which (PRON 137, DET 3), they (PRON 128, ADJ 1), you (PRON 82, DET 31), this (DET 228, PRON 67), all (DET 38, PRON 36, ADV 1), what (PRON 27, DET 2), us (DET 47, PRON 26), one (NUM 42, PRON 21, DET 2, NOUN 1), other (ADJ 59, PRON 19)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: that (SCONJ 245, PRON 136, DET 22), which (PRON 137, DET 3), I (PRON 131, ADJ 2), this (DET 150, PRON 35), all (DET 36, PRON 28, ADV 1), what (PRON 19, DET 1), those (PRON 25, DET 15), one (NUM 37, PRON 20, DET 2, NOUN 1), some (DET 20, PRON 15), these (DET 43, PRON 5)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 1.285714 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.187751).

The 1st highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “us”: our, ours, ourselves, us.

The 2nd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “he”: he, him, himself.

The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “they”: them, themselves, they.

PRON occurs with 6 features: en-feat/PronType (1498; 100% instances), en-feat/Number (989; 66% instances), en-feat/Person (931; 62% instances), en-feat/Gender (195; 13% instances), en-feat/Poss (6; 0% instances), en-feat/NumType (5; 0% instances)

PRON occurs with 14 feature-value pairs: Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, NumType=Ord, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Poss=Yes, PronType=Dem, PronType=Ind, PronType=Int, PronType=Prs, PronType=Rel

PRON occurs with 26 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is PronType=Rel (320 tokens). Examples: which, that, who, what, where, whom, whose, when, whereby

Relations

PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 20 different relations: en-dep/nsubj (911; 61% instances), en-dep/obj (196; 13% instances), en-dep/obl (113; 8% instances), en-dep/nsubj:pass (99; 7% instances), en-dep/nmod (77; 5% instances), en-dep/expl (49; 3% instances), en-dep/iobj (17; 1% instances), en-dep/root (14; 1% instances), en-dep/conj (10; 1% instances), en-dep/nmod:poss (2; 0% instances), en-dep/acl (1; 0% instances), en-dep/acl:relcl (1; 0% instances), en-dep/advmod (1; 0% instances), en-dep/amod (1; 0% instances), en-dep/appos (1; 0% instances), en-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), en-dep/dislocated (1; 0% instances), en-dep/fixed (1; 0% instances), en-dep/obl:agent (1; 0% instances), en-dep/xcomp (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PRON nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: VERB (1144; 76% instances), NOUN (159; 11% instances), ADJ (118; 8% instances), PRON (25; 2% instances), ADV (14; 1% instances), ROOT (14; 1% instances), AUX (12; 1% instances), PROPN (7; 0% instances), DET (2; 0% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances), PUNCT (1; 0% instances)

1209 (81%) PRON nodes are leaves.

206 (14%) PRON nodes have one child.

48 (3%) PRON nodes have two children.

35 (2%) PRON nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PRON node is 7.

Children of PRON nodes are attached using 19 different relations: en-dep/case (162; 37% instances), en-dep/nmod (76; 17% instances), en-dep/punct (49; 11% instances), en-dep/acl:relcl (36; 8% instances), en-dep/det (21; 5% instances), en-dep/cop (19; 4% instances), en-dep/nsubj (17; 4% instances), en-dep/cc (11; 2% instances), en-dep/conj (10; 2% instances), en-dep/acl (9; 2% instances), en-dep/amod (9; 2% instances), en-dep/advmod (8; 2% instances), en-dep/advcl (7; 2% instances), en-dep/csubj (2; 0% instances), en-dep/fixed (2; 0% instances), en-dep/aux (1; 0% instances), en-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), en-dep/mark (1; 0% instances), en-dep/vocative (1; 0% instances)

Children of PRON nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: ADP (163; 37% instances), NOUN (73; 17% instances), VERB (51; 12% instances), PUNCT (49; 11% instances), PRON (25; 6% instances), AUX (21; 5% instances), DET (21; 5% instances), ADJ (15; 3% instances), CCONJ (11; 2% instances), ADV (6; 1% instances), PROPN (6; 1% instances), PART (1; 0% instances)


PRON in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]