home cs/feat edit page issue tracker

This page pertains to UD version 2.

Tense: tense

Values: Fut Past Pres

Tense is a feature that specifies the time when the action took / takes / will take place, in relation to the current moment or to another action in the utterance.

Past: past tense

The past tense denotes actions that happened before the current moment. Past tense in Czech consists of the past participle (also called active participle or l-participle), which is accompanied by a present auxiliary verb in the first and second persons, and stands alone in the third person.

The auxiliary (if any) is in its present form, so it will have Tense=Pres. The participle has Tense=Past, even though it can also be used to form present conditional.

Examples

Pres: present tense

The present tense denotes actions that are happening right now or that usually happen.

Note that morphologically present forms of perfective verbs have actually a future meaning but they will still be marked Tense=Pres.

Examples

Fut: future tense

The future tense denotes actions that will happen after the current moment. Future tense in Czech is formed in one of three ways, depending of the verb:

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: Fut, Past, Pres.

128083 tokens (10%) have a non-empty value of Tense. 19980 types (17%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. 5738 lemmas (10%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. The feature is used with 3 part-of-speech tags: cs-pos/VERB (97291; 7% instances), cs-pos/AUX (26833; 2% instances), cs-pos/ADJ (3959; 0% instances).

VERB

97291 cs-pos/VERB tokens (81% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Tense co-occurred: Voice=Act (97291; 100%), Polarity=Pos (86911; 89%), Number=Sing (61718; 63%), Gender=EMPTY (52717; 54%), Mood=Ind (52699; 54%), VerbForm=Fin (52699; 54%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Paradigm býtPresFutPast
Abbr=Yes|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finj
Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyli
Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyli
Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyly
Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyly
Aspect=Imp|Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=ConvJsouc
Foreign=Yes|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbolo
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyl
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyl
Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyla
Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyla
Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebylo
Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbylo
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsemnebudu
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsembudu
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnebudeš
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsi
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|Style=Arch|VerbForm=FinNení
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnenínebude
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Style=Arch|VerbForm=Finjest
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjebude
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsmenebudeme
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsmebudeme
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjstebudete
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsounebudou
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsoubudou

AUX

26833 cs-pos/AUX tokens (74% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Tense co-occurred: Voice=Act (26833; 100%), Polarity=Pos (24159; 90%), Gender=EMPTY (20821; 78%), Mood=Ind (20817; 78%), VerbForm=Fin (20817; 78%), Number=Sing (18653; 70%), Person=3 (17402; 65%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Paradigm býtPresFutPast
Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyli
Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyli
Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyly
Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyly
Aspect=Imp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Convjsa
Aspect=Imp|Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Convjsouc
Aspect=Imp|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Convjsouce
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyl
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyl
Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyla
Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyla
Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebylo
Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbylo
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsemnebudu
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsembudu
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=FinNebudeš
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|Style=Coll|VerbForm=Finsi
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsibudeš
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnenínebude
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Style=Arch|VerbForm=Finjest
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjebude
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsmenebudeme
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsmebudeme
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejstenebudete
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjstebudete
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsounebudou
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsoubudou

ADJ

3959 cs-pos/ADJ tokens (2% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Tense co-occurred: Degree=EMPTY (3959; 100%), Polarity=Pos (3859; 97%), Number=Sing (2321; 59%), Gender=Masc (2061; 52%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Tense seems to be lexical feature of ADJ. 100% lemmas (894) occur only with one value of Tense.

Relations with Agreement in Tense

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Tense: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (9437; 81%), VERB –[advcl]–> VERB (3308; 64%), VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (442; 53%), VERB –[appos]–> VERB (104; 76%), VERB –[dep]–> VERB (27; 51%), VERB –[orphan]–> VERB (13; 59%), VERB –[advmod]–> VERB (10; 63%), VERB –[mark]–> VERB (1; 100%).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CAC)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: Fut, Past, Pres.

45194 tokens (9%) have a non-empty value of Tense. 10415 types (17%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. 3761 lemmas (13%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. The feature is used with 3 part-of-speech tags: cs-pos/VERB (31799; 7% instances), cs-pos/AUX (11302; 2% instances), cs-pos/ADJ (2093; 0% instances).

VERB

31799 cs-pos/VERB tokens (80% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Tense co-occurred: Voice=Act (31799; 100%), Polarity=Pos (29023; 91%), Gender=EMPTY (21430; 67%), VerbForm=Fin (21424; 67%), Mood=Ind (21424; 67%), Number=Sing (18350; 58%), Person=3 (18045; 57%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Paradigm býtPresFutPast
Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyli
Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyli
Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyly
Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyly
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyl
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyl
Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyla
Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyla
Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebylo
Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbylo
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnebudu
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsembudu
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnenínebude
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Style=Arch|VerbForm=Finjest
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjebude
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsme
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsme
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejste
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjste
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsou
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsoubudou

AUX

11302 cs-pos/AUX tokens (81% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Tense co-occurred: Voice=Act (11302; 100%), Polarity=Pos (10431; 92%), Gender=EMPTY (8887; 79%), VerbForm=Fin (8886; 79%), Mood=Ind (8886; 79%), Person=3 (7818; 69%), Number=Sing (7628; 67%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Paradigm býtPresFutPast
Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyli
Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyli
Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyly
Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyly
Aspect=Imp|Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Convjsouc
Aspect=Perf|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Convbyvše
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyl
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyl
Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyla
Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyla
Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebylo
Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbylo
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsemnebudu
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsembudu
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnebudeš
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|Style=Coll|VerbForm=Finseš
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsi, sibudeš
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnenínebude
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Style=Arch|VerbForm=Finjest
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjebude
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsmenebudeme
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsmebudeme
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnebudete
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjstebudete
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsounebudou
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsoubudou

ADJ

2093 cs-pos/ADJ tokens (3% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Tense co-occurred: Degree=EMPTY (2093; 100%), Polarity=Pos (2064; 99%), Number=Sing (1097; 52%), Gender=Masc (1062; 51%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Tense seems to be lexical feature of ADJ. 100% lemmas (537) occur only with one value of Tense.

Relations with Agreement in Tense

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Tense: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (4194; 88%), VERB –[advcl]–> VERB (1149; 64%), VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (145; 56%), VERB –[appos]–> VERB (22; 85%), VERB –[orphan]–> VERB (9; 64%), VERB –[acl]–> VERB (8; 53%).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CLTT)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: Fut, Past, Pres.

1628 tokens (6%) have a non-empty value of Tense. 390 types (10%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. 237 lemmas (11%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. The feature is used with 3 part-of-speech tags: cs-pos/VERB (1046; 4% instances), cs-pos/AUX (367; 1% instances), cs-pos/ADJ (215; 1% instances).

VERB

1046 cs-pos/VERB tokens (73% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Tense co-occurred: Voice=Act (1046; 100%), Mood=Ind (966; 92%), Gender=EMPTY (966; 92%), VerbForm=Fin (966; 92%), Person=3 (966; 92%), Polarity=Pos (918; 88%), Number=Sing (689; 66%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Paradigm obsahovatPresPast
Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partneobsahovala
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finneobsahuje
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finobsahuje
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finobsahují

AUX

367 cs-pos/AUX tokens (84% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Tense co-occurred: Voice=Act (367; 100%), Mood=Ind (329; 90%), VerbForm=Fin (329; 90%), Person=3 (329; 90%), Polarity=Pos (320; 87%), Number=Sing (187; 51%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Paradigm býtPresFutPast
Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyly
Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyly
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyl
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyl
Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Partnebyla
Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbyla
Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Partbylo
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finje, neníbude
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Finnejsou
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Finjsoubudou

ADJ

215 cs-pos/ADJ tokens (5% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Tense co-occurred: Degree=EMPTY (215; 100%), Polarity=Pos (215; 100%), Number=Sing (132; 61%), Animacy=EMPTY (122; 57%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Tense seems to be lexical feature of ADJ. 100% lemmas (40) occur only with one value of Tense.

Relations with Agreement in Tense

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Tense: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (102; 75%), VERB –[advcl]–> VERB (39; 59%), VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (16; 94%), VERB –[csubj:pass]–> VERB (1; 100%), VERB –[appos]–> VERB (1; 100%).


Tense in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]