Tense: tense
Description
Tense feature matches the inflectional endings in verbs. Sometimes the suffix
for tense-aspect-mood can be one together, in these cases all features can be
used. Tense is a feature that specifies the time when the action took / takes
/ will take place, in relation to the current moment or to another action in
the utterance. In Uralic grammars there have been various practices in
refering to present/future tense and past/preterite tense, in Universal
dependencies we use Pres for common non-past and Past for common past,
unless language has more complex tense system.
Pres: Present tense
Present tense is used for events happening in the current time. In many Uralic languages used in future constructions as well.
Present examples
- [fi] juoksen “I eat”, tapamme “we kill”
# sentence-text: Vernan sienisalaatti syntyy näin:
1 Vernan Verna PROPN N Case=Gen|Number=Sing 2 nmod:poss _ _
2 sienisalaatti sieni#salaatti NOUN N Case=Nom|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _
3 syntyy syntyä VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root
_ _
4 näin näin ADV Adv _ 3 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No
Past: Past or preterite tense
Past tense is used for events happening in the passed time.
Present examples
- [fi] juoksin “I ran”, tapoimme “we killed”
# sentence-text: Sain näytön kuitenkin toimimaan, kuten videosta näkyy.
1 Sain saada VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root
_ _
2 näytön näyttö NOUN N Case=Gen|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _
3 kuitenkin kuitenkin ADV Adv _ 1 advmod _ _
4 toimimaan toimia VERB V Case=Ill|InfForm=3|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act 1 xcomp:ds _ SpaceAfter=No
5 , , PUNCT Punct _ 8 punct _ _
6 kuten kuten SCONJ C _ 8 mark _ _
7 videosta video NOUN N Case=Ela|Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _
8 näkyy näkyä VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 1 advcl
_ SpaceAfter=No
9 . . PUNCT Punct _ 1 punct _ _
Tense in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]