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This page pertains to UD version 2.

cop: copula

The cop relation is used exclusively for the word 是 / shì “be” primarily as a copula linked to the main predicate, which may often be a noun or adjective. The words 為 / wéi “be, be as” and 非 / fēi “not be” are also included if they are the only verb in a sentence and the latter is semantically equivalent to the opposite of 是 shì.

If the complement of the copular verb is a clause, however, then the copular verb should be the head of the sentence with the clausal complement as a ccomp dependent.

For the cleft-like focus constructions with 是 and 是…的, see ccomp.


Treebank Statistics (UD_Chinese)

This relation is universal.

1613 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as cop.

1612 instances of cop (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 5.13949163050217.

The following 9 pairs of parts of speech are connected with cop: NOUN-AUX (1047; 65% instances), PART-AUX (226; 14% instances), ADJ-AUX (172; 11% instances), NUM-AUX (89; 6% instances), PROPN-AUX (45; 3% instances), X-AUX (16; 1% instances), VERB-AUX (9; 1% instances), ADJ-ADJ (8; 0% instances), PRON-AUX (1; 0% instances).


cop in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]
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