Case: case
Definition
Case is an inflectional feature for nouns, pronouns, adjectives and numerals in Estonian.
Estonian has 14 inflectional cases:
nominative
genitive
partitive
illative
inessive
elative
allative
adessive
ablative
translative
terminative
essive
abessive
comitative
Treebank Statistics (UD_Estonian)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 15 different values: Abe, Abl, Add, Ade, All, Com, Ela, Ess, Gen, Ill, Ine, Nom, Par, Ter, Tra.
15253 tokens (44%) have a non-empty value of Case.
7877 types (73%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Case.
4914 lemmas (70%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Case.
The feature is used with 9 part-of-speech tags: et-pos/NOUN (7917; 23% instances), et-pos/PRON (2630; 8% instances), et-pos/ADJ (2024; 6% instances), et-pos/PROPN (1665; 5% instances), et-pos/DET (390; 1% instances), et-pos/NUM (318; 1% instances), et-pos/VERB (299; 1% instances), et-pos/AUX (9; 0% instances), et-pos/X (1; 0% instances).
NOUN
7917 et-pos/NOUN tokens (99% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.
The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Case co-occurred: Number=Sing (6547; 83%).
NOUN tokens may have the following values of Case:
Abe(10; 0% of non-emptyCase): tööta, aietuseta, juustuta, kaitsekihita, kooreta, laineteta, peremeheta, sädemeta, telefonitaAbl(79; 1% of non-emptyCase): maalt, laevalt, taldrikult, teelt, katuselt, koosolekult, lennukilt, maalilt, näolt, pingiltAdd(297; 4% of non-emptyCase): tuppa, koju, kööki, pähe, linna, selga, meelde, aeda, finaali, pihkuAde(322; 4% of non-emptyCase): ajal, aastal, hommikul, hetkel, õhtul, kombel, sõnul, päeval, juhul, nädalalAll(334; 4% of non-emptyCase): põrandale, kaldale, teele, jalule, lapsele, maale, näitusele, rinnale, tibule, emaleCom(305; 4% of non-emptyCase): punktiga, käega, jalaga, kividega, kiviga, häälega, kepiga, veega, peaga, sekundigaEla(418; 5% of non-emptyCase): hommikust, toast, hirmust, käest, linnast, majast, seljast, voodist, aknast, autostEss(26; 0% of non-emptyCase): Ainsana, asjana, eestlannana, esindajatena, haigena, kirjanikuna, metslasena, montöörina, muinasloona, ootamatusenaGen(1789; 23% of non-emptyCase): mehe, ukse, laua, metsa, aasta, maja, akna, koha, hobuse, teeIll(105; 1% of non-emptyCase): voodisse, autosse, sahtlisse, ämbrisse, haiglasse, kohtusse, aknasse, esikusse, firmasse, hoonesseIne(433; 5% of non-emptyCase): toas, seljas, alguses, elus, kodus, korteris, köögis, maailmas, majas, meelesNom(2292; 29% of non-emptyCase): mees, tuul, tüdruk, kääbus, naine, sir, inimesed, kukk, kana, vesiPar(1344; 17% of non-emptyCase): aega, vett, korda, aru, tundi, lihaseid, tõde, meest, meetrit, peadTer(38; 0% of non-emptyCase): õhtuni, kontideni, korruseni, lõpuni, aastani, augustini, bassini, detsembrini, eesmärgini, hommikutunniniTra(125; 2% of non-emptyCase): juhuks, presidendiks, päevaks, õnneks, ajaks, kasuks, abiks, kildudeks, kombeks, manukaksEMPTY(44): USA, AS, NATO, SKO, ATL, GTS-R, TLÜ, cm, kaabelTV, km
| Paradigm jalg | Nom | Gen | Par | Com | Ine | Ill | Ela | Add | Ade | All |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing | jalg | jala | jalaga | Jalas | jalast | jalga | jalale | |||
| Number=Plur | jalad | jalgade, jalge | jalgu | jalgadega | jalus | jalgadesse | jalgadel | jalule |
PRON
2630 et-pos/PRON tokens (100% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.
The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Case co-occurred: Number=Sing (2215; 84%), PronType=Prs (1746; 66%).
PRON tokens may have the following values of Case:
Abe(2; 0% of non-emptyCase): selleta, sinutaAbl(6; 0% of non-emptyCase): kellelt, minult, omalt, sellelt, sinult, temaltAdd(2; 0% of non-emptyCase): teiseAde(109; 4% of non-emptyCase): tal, mul, sul, neil, omal, kellel, sel, temal, endal, millelAll(158; 6% of non-emptyCase): talle, sulle, mulle, endale, meile, sellele, enesele, neile, teile, teisteleCom(36; 1% of non-emptyCase): temaga, sellega, minuga, sinuga, endaga, kellega, kõigega, millega, nendega, meiegaEla(72; 3% of non-emptyCase): sellest, endast, temast, millest, neist, sinust, enesest, nendest, kellest, millestkiEss(2; 0% of non-emptyCase): Teisena, esimesenaGen(487; 19% of non-emptyCase): oma, tema, ta, selle, minu, mu, nende, mille, meie, sinuIll(3; 0% of non-emptyCase): endasse, omadesseIne(16; 1% of non-emptyCase): selles, omas, temas, milles, milleski, minus, neis, teineteises, teistesNom(1322; 50% of non-emptyCase): ta, see, ma, mis, nad, sa, kes, kõik, keegi, minaPar(400; 15% of non-emptyCase): seda, teda, mind, end, midagi, mida, neid, ennast, teid, sindTer(3; 0% of non-emptyCase): Meieni, minuni, selleniTra(12; 0% of non-emptyCase): selleks, omaks, esimeseks, iseendaks, mitmeks, temaksEMPTY(1): teistsuguseid
| Paradigm see | Nom | Gen | Par | Tra | Com | Abe | Ine | Ela | Ade | All | Abl | Ter |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing | see, seegi | selle, sellegi | seda | selleks | sellega | selleta | selles | sellest, sest, sellestki | sel | sellele | sellelt | selleni |
| Number=Plur | need | nende | neid | nendega | neis | neist, nendest | neil |
ADJ
2024 et-pos/ADJ tokens (89% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.
The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Case co-occurred: Tense=EMPTY (1864; 92%), VerbForm=EMPTY (1832; 91%), Voice=EMPTY (1832; 91%), Degree=Pos (1713; 85%), Number=Sing (1679; 83%).
ADJ tokens may have the following values of Case:
Abe(9; 0% of non-emptyCase): avamata, eksponeerimata, kattumata, kinnastamata, kinnitamata, lausumata, liikumata, lõpmata, tundmataAbl(6; 0% of non-emptyCase): asuvalt, häbiväärselt, mõlemalt, nooremalt, pühalt, teiseltAdd(9; 0% of non-emptyCase): laia, hiiglasuurde, kummalisse, piinlikku, postsovetlikku, rahvusvahelisse, suurde, tagumisseAde(100; 5% of non-emptyCase): järgmisel, teisel, eelmisel, esimesel, suurel, viimasel, 16., 1971., 2., healAll(47; 2% of non-emptyCase): kolmandale, veealusele, 000-naelasele, 551., Pühale, Teisele, ahvatlevale, ainukesele, asuvale, ausaleCom(4; 0% of non-emptyCase): Kuueteistkümnendaga, lamedaga, mullusega, võrdsegaEla(62; 3% of non-emptyCase): suurest, erinevatest, nüüdsest, 10., 13., Aknatagusest, Viimsest, eelsest, esimesest, fantastilistestEss(17; 1% of non-emptyCase): Kirkana, avatuna, elusana, erinevatena, esimesena, loogilisena, loomulikena, lummatuna, lükatuna, mahajäetunaGen(400; 20% of non-emptyCase): püha, terve, suure, hea, vana, viimase, parema, teise, uue, hirmsaIll(14; 1% of non-emptyCase): pimedasse, inimtühjadesse, jahedasse, olevasse, paiknevasse, räpasesse, tumedasse, tundmatusse, udustesse, ähvardavasseIne(75; 4% of non-emptyCase): esimeses, teises, Vaikses, aeglases, halvas, pühas, reipas, suures, suurtes, 39-aastasesNom(854; 42% of non-emptyCase): suur, hea, noor, tugev, väike, soe, valged, vana, viimane, pikkPar(322; 16% of non-emptyCase): esimest, muud, kolmandat, vana, halle, head, kummalist, musta, pikka, pikkiTra(105; 5% of non-emptyCase): tühjaks, puhtaks, suuremaks, haigeks, hingetuks, pikaks, vaiksemaks, vigaseks, kindlaks, kolmandaksEMPTY(246): vene, kogu, sündinud, peetud, 1992., saanud, väärt, ülejäänud, jäänud, kuradi
| Paradigm suur | Nom | Gen | Par | Tra | Ine | Ela | Add | Ade | All |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing | suur | suure | suurt | suureks | suures | suurest | suurde | suurel | suurele |
| Number=Plur | Suured | suurte | suuri | suurteks | suurtes |
PROPN
1665 et-pos/PROPN tokens (99% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.
The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Case co-occurred: Number=Sing (1661; 100%).
PROPN tokens may have the following values of Case:
Abe(1; 0% of non-emptyCase): LufthansataAbl(9; 1% of non-emptyCase): Prantsusmaalt, Fayedilt, Ida-Saksamaalt, Marsilt, Paabelilt, Rootsilt, Saaremaalt, VeenuseltAdd(12; 1% of non-emptyCase): Frankfurti, Faluni, Leningradi, Magdeburgi, Riiga, Shortlisti, Starmani, Stockmanni, Tallinna, TartuAde(28; 2% of non-emptyCase): Saksamaal, Tõnul, Hiiumaal, Lääne-Virumaal, Toompeal, Aunel, Eval, Iraagil, Kotlil, LeemetilAll(51; 3% of non-emptyCase): Tõnule, Arnoldile, Aunele, Ernesaksale, Gunnile, Jaanile, Otile, Ramile, Rüütlile, SaarepuuleCom(22; 1% of non-emptyCase): Teliaga, Ahatiga, Ameerikaga, Arvoga, Dodiga, Eevaldiga, Ernesaksaga, Fayediga, Helenega, IndriksonigaEla(24; 1% of non-emptyCase): Tallinnast, Moskvast, Taanist, Ameerikast, Arnoldist, Hasnatist, Hiinast, Kasahstanist, Kreekast, KuopiostEss(1; 0% of non-emptyCase): LiibanoninaGen(348; 21% of non-emptyCase): Eesti, Tallinna, Graali, Ernesaksa, Indriksoni, Soome, Rootsi, Diana, Paltsi, PeetriIll(12; 1% of non-emptyCase): Helsingisse, Tallinnasse, Tartusse, Ameerikasse, Feodossiasse, Londonisse, Moskvasse, VanemuisesseIne(46; 3% of non-emptyCase): Eestis, Bangkokis, Iraagis, Lätis, Soomes, Sudaanis, Tallinnas, Ungaris, Angeleses, BrasiiliasNom(1066; 64% of non-emptyCase): Peeter, Tõnu, Ott, Tsee, Ernesaks, Indrikson, Petrov, Aune, Arnold, LennartPar(41; 2% of non-emptyCase): Ernesaksa, Graali, Merit, Merlinit, Teliat, Anna, Arnoldit, Aunet, Borsi, EmajõgeTer(1; 0% of non-emptyCase): MihhailiniTra(3; 0% of non-emptyCase): Merliniks, Timbu-Limbuks, Watergate’iksEMPTY(9): de, A., Galahad, Jõgeda, La, Telia, Tiina
| Paradigm Petrov | Nom | Gen | Par | Ela | Ade | All |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Petrov | Petrovi | Petrovi | Petrovist | Petrovil | Petrovile |
DET
390 et-pos/DET tokens (97% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.
The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Case co-occurred: Number=Sing (303; 78%).
DET tokens may have the following values of Case:
Abl(5; 1% of non-emptyCase): ühelt, igalt, minusuguselt, mõneltAde(40; 10% of non-emptyCase): ühel, sel, igal, sellel, kõigil, samal, teisel, Mõlemal, mingil, neilAll(6; 2% of non-emptyCase): kõigile, ühele, mõnele, selleleEla(24; 6% of non-emptyCase): sellest, ühest, kõigest, mõnest, Samast, kõikidest, mingist, mingitest, muust, mõlemastGen(74; 19% of non-emptyCase): selle, ühe, iga, mõne, nende, sellise, teiste, teise, tolle, kõigiIll(6; 2% of non-emptyCase): igasse, mingisse, mingisugusesse, mõnesse, neisse, sellesseIne(12; 3% of non-emptyCase): selles, ühes, esimestes, igas, mingis, neis, teisesNom(173; 44% of non-emptyCase): see, üks, kõik, mitu, mis, mõned, iga, need, mõni, teisedPar(43; 11% of non-emptyCase): seda, mingit, neid, üht, ühtegi, igasuguseid, millist, sama, sääraseid, todaTra(7; 2% of non-emptyCase): igaks, mõneks, üheksEMPTY(12): kogu, Muist
| Paradigm üks | Nom | Gen | Par | Tra | Ine | Ela | Ade | All | Abl |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing | üks, ükski | ühe | ühtegi, üht, ühtki | üheks | ühes | ühest | ühel | ühele | ühelt |
| Number=Plur | ühed |
NUM
318 et-pos/NUM tokens (79% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.
The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Case co-occurred: NumType=Card (315; 99%), Number=Sing (311; 98%), NumForm=Letter (230; 72%).
NUM tokens may have the following values of Case:
Abl(3; 1% of non-emptyCase): 1245, kolmelt, miljoniltAdd(4; 1% of non-emptyCase): kahte, paari, teise, ühteAde(1; 0% of non-emptyCase): MiljonitelAll(5; 2% of non-emptyCase): 1, 2, 50, Paarile, üheleCom(3; 1% of non-emptyCase): 3.51,1-ga, 49,38ga, ühegaEla(9; 3% of non-emptyCase): kahest, 11-st, 200st, kolmeteistkümnest, kuuestGen(79; 25% of non-emptyCase): kahe, ühe, kolme, viie, kolmekümne, kuue, seitsme, miljoni, nelja, paariIll(1; 0% of non-emptyCase): kümnetesseIne(5; 2% of non-emptyCase): kolmes, 17, 30, viiesNom(173; 54% of non-emptyCase): kaks, paar, üks, viis, kolm, seitse, kuus, neli, kümme, poolPar(27; 8% of non-emptyCase): miljonit, kahte, kolmandat, miljardeid, ühte, kaht, kolme, kuut, kümmet, kümneidTer(4; 1% of non-emptyCase): kaheni, kolmeni, seitsmeni, viieniTra(4; 1% of non-emptyCase): kuueks, 100%, üheksEMPTY(85): 14, 15, 2, 0, 21, 1, 10, 10-15, 12, 20
| Paradigm üks | Nom | Gen | Par | Tra | Com | Add | All |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| üks | ühe | ühte, ühtegi | üheks | ühega | ühte | ühele |
VERB
299 et-pos/VERB tokens (6% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Case co-occurred: Mood=EMPTY (299; 100%), Tense=EMPTY (299; 100%), Person=EMPTY (299; 100%), VerbForm=Sup (299; 100%), Number=EMPTY (299; 100%), Voice=Act (299; 100%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Case:
Abe(16; 5% of non-emptyCase): suutmata, teadmata, astumata, informeerimata, kiirustamata, küsimata, lubamata, mõtlemata, ootamata, tahtmataAll(5; 2% of non-emptyCase): minemaEla(6; 2% of non-emptyCase): tulemast, avaldamast, kaagutamast, kirjutamast, laulmastIll(245; 82% of non-emptyCase): minema, vaatama, tegema, kuivama, otsima, võtma, astuma, avama, magama, seismaIne(26; 9% of non-emptyCase): olemas, püüdmas, toimetamas, vaatamas, joomas, jäämas, kasvamas, loksumas, lõhkemas, pommitamasTra(1; 0% of non-emptyCase): tõestamaksEMPTY(4767): liigutas, ütles, on, jäi, viskus, tuli, oli, liikus, tõukas, läks
| Paradigm tegema | Abe | Ine | Ill |
|---|---|---|---|
| tegemata | tegemas | tegema |
Case seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 92% lemmas (174) occur only with one value of Case.
AUX
9 et-pos/AUX tokens (1% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Case co-occurred: Polarity=EMPTY (9; 100%), Number=EMPTY (9; 100%), Voice=Act (9; 100%), Person=EMPTY (9; 100%), VerbForm=Sup (9; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (9; 100%), Tense=EMPTY (9; 100%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Case:
Ill(9; 100% of non-emptyCase): olemaEMPTY(1465): oli, on, ei, olid, oleks, polnud, pole, olen, oled, võib
X
1 et-pos/X tokens (14% of all X tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.
The most frequent other feature values with which X and Case co-occurred: Number=Sing (1; 100%), Abbr=Yes (1; 100%).
X tokens may have the following values of Case:
Gen(1; 100% of non-emptyCase): ATMiEMPTY(6): KGB, Mr, Of, bodybalance, cm, km/h
Relations with Agreement in Case
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Case:
NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (1155; 84%),
NOUN –[det]–> DET (314; 83%),
NOUN –[conj]–> NOUN (228; 85%),
PROPN –[flat]–> PROPN (142; 72%),
ADJ –[nsubj:cop]–> NOUN (103; 90%),
ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (96; 87%),
PROPN –[nmod]–> NOUN (95; 68%),
NOUN –[nsubj:cop]–> PRON (77; 79%),
ADJ –[nsubj:cop]–> PRON (73; 88%),
PROPN –[conj]–> PROPN (70; 97%).
Case in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]