iobj: indirect object
Only used to mark the possessor in the possessive existential construction:
ⲟⲩⲛⲧⲁ/VERB ⲩ/PRON ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ/PROPN \n They have Jesus
iobj(ⲟⲩⲛⲧⲁ, ⲩ)
nsubj(ⲟⲩⲛⲧⲁ, ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ)
The above example can be interpreted as ‘exists to-them Jesus’, etymologically ⲟⲩⲛⲧⲁ-ⲩ < ‘exists in their hand.’
Treebank Statistics (UD_Coptic)
This relation is universal.
13 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as iobj.
13 instances of iobj (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.07692307692308.
The following 2 pairs of parts of speech are connected with iobj: cop-pos/VERB-cop-pos/PRON (12; 92% instances), cop-pos/VERB-cop-pos/NOUN (1; 8% instances).
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1 ⲛ ⲡ DET ART _ 0 root _ _
2 ⲉⲧⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ SCONJ CREL _ 3 mark _ _
3 ⲟⲩⲛⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲛⲧⲁ VERB EXIST _ 1 acl _ _
4 ⲩ ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ PRON PPERS _ 3 iobj _ _
5 ⲡ ⲡ DET ART _ 6 det _ _
6 ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ NOUN N _ 3 nsubj _ _
7 ⲙⲛ ⲙⲛ ADP PREP _ 9 cc _ _
8 ⲡ ⲡ DET ART _ 9 det _ _
9 ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ NOUN N _ 6 conj _ _
10 ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ADV ADV _ 11 advmod _ _
11 ϩⲓⲧⲛ ϩⲓⲧⲛ ADP PREP _ 12 case _ _
12 ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ PROPN NPROP _ 6 nmod _ _
13 . . PUNCT PUNCT _ 1 punct _ _
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# visual-style 2 4 iobj color:blue
1 ⲙⲏ ⲙⲏ CCONJ CONJ _ 2 advmod _ _
2 ⲟⲩⲛⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲛⲧⲁ VERB EXIST _ 0 root _ _
3 ⲡⲉⲕ ⲡⲉⲕ DET PPOS _ 4 det _ _
4 ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ NOUN N _ 2 iobj _ _
5 ⲕⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲕⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ PROPN NPROP _ 2 nsubj _ _
6 ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ NOUN N _ 2 obj _ _
7 ⲣⲱ ⲣⲱ PART PTC _ 2 advmod _ _
8 ⲛⲧⲟϥ ⲛⲧⲟϥ PRON PPERI _ 5 appos _ _
9 ⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲥⲁ ADP PREP _ 11 case _ _
10 ϩⲉⲛ ⲟⲩ DET ART _ 11 det _ _
11 ⲛⲟⲃⲉ ⲛⲟⲃⲉ NOUN N _ 2 obl _ _
12 ⲛⲁⲓ ⲡⲁⲓ DET PDEM _ 11 appos _ _
13 ⲉⲧ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ SCONJ CREL _ 15 mark _ _
14 ⲕ ⲛⲧⲟⲕ PRON PPERS _ 15 nsubj _ _
15 ⲟ ⲉⲓⲣⲉ VERB VSTAT _ 12 acl _ _
16 ⲛ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 18 case _ _
17 ⲟⲩ ⲟⲩ DET ART _ 18 det _ _
18 ⲟⲉⲓⲉ ⲟⲉⲓⲉ NOUN N _ 15 obj _ _
19 ⲉⲣⲟ ⲉ ADP PREP _ 20 case _ _
20 ⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ PRON PPERO _ 18 nmod _ _
21 ⲛⲁ ⲛⲁ ADP PREP _ 22 case _ _
22 ϥ ⲛⲧⲟϥ PRON PPERO _ 15 obl _ _
23 ⲛⲧⲟⲕ ⲛⲧⲟⲕ PRON PPERI _ 14 appos _ _
24 ⲙⲛ ⲙⲛ ADP PREP _ 25 cc _ _
25 ⲛ ⲡ DET ART _ 23 conj _ _
26 ⲉⲧ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ SCONJ CREL _ 27 mark _ _
27 ⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲉⲓⲛⲉ VERB V _ 25 acl _ _
28 ⲙⲙⲟ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 29 case _ _
29 ⲕ ⲛⲧⲟⲕ PRON PPERO _ 27 obj _ _
30 . . PUNCT PUNCT _ 2 punct _ _
31 ⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ SCONJ CCIRC _ 33 mark _ _
32 ⲧⲉⲧⲛ ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ PRON PPERS _ 33 nsubj _ _
33 ϫⲟ ϫⲟ VERB V _ 27 advcl _ _
34 ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲱ CCONJ CONJ _ 37 cc _ _
35 ⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ PART CFOC _ 37 mark _ _
36 ⲧⲉⲧⲛ ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ PRON PPERS _ 37 nsubj _ _
37 ⲱⲗ ⲱⲗ VERB V _ 33 conj _ _
38 ⲛⲁ ⲛⲁ ADP PREP _ 39 case _ _
39 ϥ ⲛⲧⲟϥ PRON PPERO _ 37 obl _ _
40 ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ADV ADV _ 37 advmod _ _
41 ⲛ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 43 case _ _
42 ⲙ ⲡ DET ART _ 43 det _ _
43 ⲙⲛⲧⲁⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲙⲛⲧⲁⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ NOUN N _ 37 obj _ _
44 ⲙⲛ ⲙⲛ ADP PREP _ 58 cc _ _
45 ⲛ ⲡ DET ART _ 46 det _ _
46 ϭⲟⲗ ϭⲟⲗ NOUN N _ 43 conj _ _
47 , , PUNCT PUNCT _ 2 punct _ _
48 ⲙⲛ ⲙⲛ ADP PREP _ 58 cc _ _
49 ⲛ ⲡ DET ART _ 50 det _ _
50 ϫⲓ ϫⲓ NOUN N _ 43 conj _ _
51 ⲛ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 52 case _ _
52 ϭⲟⲛⲥ ϭⲟⲛⲥ NOUN N _ 50 obj _ _
53 , , PUNCT PUNCT _ 52 punct _ _
54 ⲙⲛ ⲙⲛ ADP PREP _ 58 cc _ _
55 ⲛ ⲡ DET ART _ 56 det _ _
56 ⲟⲩⲁ ⲟⲩⲁ NOUN N _ 43 conj _ _
57 ⲙⲛ ⲙⲛ ADP PREP _ 58 cc _ _
58 ϩⲱⲃ ϩⲱⲃ NOUN N _ 43 conj _ _
59 ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲓⲙ PRON PINT _ 58 det _ _
60 ⲙ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 61 case _ _
61 ⲡⲟⲛⲏⲣⲟⲛ ⲡⲟⲛⲏⲣⲟⲛ NOUN N _ 58 nmod _ _
62 . . PUNCT PUNCT _ 61 punct _ _
iobj in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fo] [fr] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]