Person: person
Person is typically feature of personal and possessive pronouns / determiners, and of verbs. On verbs it is in fact an agreement feature that marks the person of the verb’s subject. Person marked on verbs makes it unnecessary to always add a personal pronoun as subject and thus subjects are sometimes dropped (pro-drop languages).
1: first person
In singular, the first person refers just to the speaker / author. In plural, it must include the speaker and one or more additional persons.
Examples
- eu, nós
- quero, queremos
2: second person
In singular, the second person refers to the addressee of the utterance / text. In plural, it may mean several addressees and optionally some third persons too.
Examples
- tu, você, vós, vocês
- queres, quereis
3: third person
The third person refers to one or more persons that are neither speakers nor addressees.
Examples
- ele, ela, eles, elas
- quer, querem
Treebank Statistics (UD_Portuguese)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3.
17753 tokens (8%) have a non-empty value of Person.
4211 types (17%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
1314 lemmas (7%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
The feature is used with 4 part-of-speech tags: pt-pos/VERB (10291; 5% instances), pt-pos/AUX (5154; 2% instances), pt-pos/PRON (2307; 1% instances), pt-pos/INTJ (1; 0% instances).
VERB
10291 pt-pos/VERB tokens (55% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Person co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (10290; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (10015; 97%), Mood=Ind (9222; 90%), Number=Sing (7832; 76%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(633; 6% of non-emptyPerson): sei, acho, temos, tenho, espero, penso, queremos, quero, creio, vi2(16; 0% of non-emptyPerson): move, Compreendeste, Criaste, Olha, Rodeaste, Roubarás, Roubaste, Saiba, chamais, chega3(9642; 94% of non-emptyPerson): há, disse, tem, diz, é, fez, foi, afirmou, faz, têmEMPTY(8301): fazer, ter, ver, dar, feito, dizer, falar, feita, saber, manter
| Paradigm ver | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin | verá | ||
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin | via | via | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin | vi | viu | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pqp|VerbForm=Fin | vira | ||
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin | vê | ||
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin | verão | ||
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin | víamos | viam | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin | vimos | viram | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pqp|VerbForm=Fin | viram | ||
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin | vemos | vêem, viram | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Fin | viram | ||
| Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin | visse | ||
| Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin | veja | veja | |
| Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | Vejam | ||
| Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf | ver | ||
| Number=Plur|VerbForm=Inf | vermos | verem |
AUX
5154 pt-pos/AUX tokens (85% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Person co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (5049; 98%), Mood=Ind (4571; 89%), Number=Sing (3838; 74%), Tense=Pres (3016; 59%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(219; 4% of non-emptyPerson): estamos, estou, fui, podemos, vamos, vou, somos, sou, tenho, temos2(4; 0% of non-emptyPerson): Sê, vais3(4931; 96% of non-emptyPerson): é, foi, está, são, foram, vai, pode, era, estão, seráEMPTY(890): ser, ter, sido, sendo, estar, tendo, vir, continuar, vindo, poder
| Paradigm ser | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mood=Cnd|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Fin | seria | ||
| Mood=Cnd|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Fin | seriam | ||
| Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Fin | Sê | ||
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin | serei | será | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin | era | era | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin | fui | foi, foram | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pqp|VerbForm=Fin | fora | fora | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin | sou, sô | é, eis, çe, Sou | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin | seremos | serão | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin | eram | ||
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin | fomos | foram | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pqp|VerbForm=Fin | foram | ||
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin | somos | são | |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Fin | foram | ||
| Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin | for, fôr | ||
| Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin | fosse | fosse | |
| Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin | seja | ||
| Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin | forem | ||
| Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin | fossem | ||
| Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin | sejam | ||
| Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf | ser | ||
| Number=Plur|Tense=Past | fomos | ||
| Number=Plur|VerbForm=Inf | sermos | serem |
PRON
2307 pt-pos/PRON tokens (33% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Person co-occurred: PronType=Prs (2306; 100%), Number=Sing (1656; 72%), Case=Acc (1414; 61%), Gender=Masc (1383; 60%).
PRON tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(285; 12% of non-emptyPerson): eu, me, nos, nós, mim, nosco2(9; 0% of non-emptyPerson): te, ti, vos, vós3(2013; 87% of non-emptyPerson): se, ele, lhe, o, eles, ela, a, elas, lo, vocêEMPTY(4618): que, o, se, isso, quem, tudo, isto, nada, os, qual
| Paradigm nós | 1 | 3 |
|---|---|---|
| Case=Acc|Gender=Masc | nos | nos |
| Case=Acc|Gender=Unsp | nos | |
| Case=Dat|Gender=Masc | nos | |
| Case=Dat|Gender=Unsp | nos | |
| Case=Nom|Gender=Masc | nós | |
| Case=Nom|Gender=Unsp | nós | |
| Gender=Masc | nós | |
| Gender=Fem | nosco, nós | |
| Gender=Unsp | nós |
Person seems to be lexical feature of PRON. 92% lemmas (12) occur only with one value of Person.
INTJ
1 pt-pos/INTJ tokens (2% of all INTJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
INTJ tokens may have the following values of Person:
3(1; 100% of non-emptyPerson): viuEMPTY(42): não, Rarará, é, Adeus, Ah, Ai, Alô, BINGO, Deus, Droga
Relations with Agreement in Person
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Person:
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (702; 69%),
VERB –[expl]–> PRON (682; 75%),
VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (86; 72%),
PRON –[conj]–> PRON (3; 60%),
AUX –[cop]–> AUX (1; 100%),
AUX –[conj]–> VERB (1; 100%),
PRON –[obj]–> PRON (1; 100%),
PRON –[parataxis]–> PRON (1; 100%).
Person in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]