parataxis: parataxis
The parataxis relation is a relation between a word (often the main predicate of a sentence) and other elements, such as a sentential parenthetical or a clause after a “:” or a “;”, placed side by side without any explicit coordination, subordination, or argument relation with the head word.
The Norwegian parataxis relation is largely used for reported speech and some other parentheticals.
Det er skade for minst 400.000 , sa Solberg \n There are damages for at least 400.000 , said Solberg
parataxis(er,sa)
Jeg skjønner den ikke men antar at den er kjempemorsom ( ironi ) \n I don't understand it but assume it is really funny ( irony )
parataxis(skjønner,ironi)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Norwegian-Bokmaal)
This relation is universal.
1320 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as parataxis.
1289 instances of parataxis (98%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 10.755303030303.
The following 31 pairs of parts of speech are connected with parataxis: no-pos/VERB-no-pos/VERB (764; 58% instances), no-pos/ADJ-no-pos/VERB (167; 13% instances), no-pos/NOUN-no-pos/VERB (140; 11% instances), no-pos/NOUN-no-pos/PROPN (64; 5% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/NOUN (53; 4% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/PROPN (23; 2% instances), no-pos/PRON-no-pos/VERB (16; 1% instances), no-pos/PROPN-no-pos/PROPN (14; 1% instances), no-pos/X-no-pos/VERB (10; 1% instances), no-pos/PROPN-no-pos/VERB (8; 1% instances), no-pos/NOUN-no-pos/NOUN (6; 0% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/ADJ (6; 0% instances), no-pos/ADV-no-pos/VERB (5; 0% instances), no-pos/INTJ-no-pos/PROPN (5; 0% instances), no-pos/ADJ-no-pos/NOUN (4; 0% instances), no-pos/PROPN-no-pos/NOUN (4; 0% instances), no-pos/SYM-no-pos/PROPN (4; 0% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/PRON (4; 0% instances), no-pos/ADJ-no-pos/PROPN (3; 0% instances), no-pos/ADP-no-pos/VERB (3; 0% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/NUM (3; 0% instances), no-pos/ADJ-no-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), no-pos/ADV-no-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), no-pos/INTJ-no-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/INTJ (2; 0% instances), no-pos/ADJ-no-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), no-pos/CCONJ-no-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), no-pos/DET-no-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), no-pos/NUM-no-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), no-pos/PROPN-no-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), no-pos/PROPN-no-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 10 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 10 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 10 parataxis color:blue
1 Han han PRON _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _
2 forstår forstå VERB _ Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
3 ingenting ingenting PRON _ Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg|PronType=Neg 2 obj _ _
4 av av ADP _ _ 5 case _ _
5 livet liv NOUN _ Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
6 på på ADP _ _ 8 case _ _
7 en en DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 8 det _ _
8 pub pub NOUN _ Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
9 , $, PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ _
10 sier si VERB _ Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _
11 han han PRON _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No
12 . $. PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 11 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 11 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 11 parataxis color:blue
1 Helt hel ADJ _ Definite=Ind|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 2 advmod _ _
2 fra fra SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ _
3 han han PRON _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _
4 var være AUX _ Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _
5 baby baby NOUN _ Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 advcl _ _
6 var være AUX _ Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _
7 han han PRON _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _
8 mer mye ADJ _ Degree=Cmp 9 advmod _ _
9 krevende kreve ADJ _ VerbForm=Part 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
10 , $, PUNCT _ _ 9 punct _ _
11 sier si VERB _ Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ _
12 pappa pappa NOUN _ Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No
13 . $. PUNCT _ _ 9 punct _ _
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 5 parataxis color:blue
1 Hver hver DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 3 det _ _
2 eneste eneste NUM _ Definite=Def|NumType=Card 3 nummod _ _
3 uke uke NOUN _ Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
4 , $, PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ _
5 sier si VERB _ Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _
6 hun hun PRON _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _
7 lattermildt lattermild ADJ _ Definite=Ind|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing 5 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No
8 . $. PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Norwegian-Nynorsk)
This relation is universal.
1615 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as parataxis.
1574 instances of parataxis (97%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 11.2235294117647.
The following 36 pairs of parts of speech are connected with parataxis: no-pos/VERB-no-pos/VERB (878; 54% instances), no-pos/ADJ-no-pos/VERB (279; 17% instances), no-pos/NOUN-no-pos/VERB (167; 10% instances), no-pos/NOUN-no-pos/NOUN (50; 3% instances), no-pos/NOUN-no-pos/PROPN (34; 2% instances), no-pos/ADV-no-pos/VERB (28; 2% instances), no-pos/NOUN-no-pos/NUM (28; 2% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/NUM (26; 2% instances), no-pos/PRON-no-pos/VERB (15; 1% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/NOUN (15; 1% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/PROPN (13; 1% instances), no-pos/X-no-pos/VERB (13; 1% instances), no-pos/PROPN-no-pos/PROPN (9; 1% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/ADJ (8; 0% instances), no-pos/NUM-no-pos/PROPN (7; 0% instances), no-pos/PROPN-no-pos/NOUN (6; 0% instances), no-pos/ADP-no-pos/VERB (5; 0% instances), no-pos/PROPN-no-pos/VERB (5; 0% instances), no-pos/ADJ-no-pos/NUM (4; 0% instances), no-pos/ADJ-no-pos/NOUN (3; 0% instances), no-pos/DET-no-pos/VERB (3; 0% instances), no-pos/ADJ-no-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), no-pos/INTJ-no-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), no-pos/NOUN-no-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), no-pos/PROPN-no-pos/NUM (2; 0% instances), no-pos/ADJ-no-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), no-pos/ADJ-no-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), no-pos/ADP-no-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), no-pos/INTJ-no-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), no-pos/NOUN-no-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), no-pos/NOUN-no-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), no-pos/PRON-no-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/CCONJ (1; 0% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), no-pos/VERB-no-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 7 parataxis color:blue
1 Men men CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ _
2 har ha VERB _ Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
3 ikkje ikkje ADV _ Polarity=Neg 2 advmod _ _
4 du du PRON _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _
5 brødbakemaskin brødbakemaskin NOUN _ Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No
6 , $, PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ _
7 tenker tenke VERB _ Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _
8 du du PRON _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _
9 kanskje kanskje ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No
10 . $. PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 6 parataxis color:blue
1 Men men CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ _
2 eg eg PRON _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _
3 er vere AUX _ Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _
4 skitnervøs skitnervøs ADJ _ Definite=Ind|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
5 , $, PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ _
6 seier seie VERB _ Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _
7 Tone Tone NOUN _ Gender=Fem 6 nsubj _ _
8 Damli Damli PROPN _ _ 7 flat:name _ _
9 Aaberge Aaberge PROPN _ _ 7 flat:name _ _
10 til til ADP _ _ 11 case _ _
11 NRK NRK PROPN _ _ 6 obl _ SpaceAfter=No
12 . $. PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ _
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 5 parataxis color:blue
1 Heller heller ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ _
2 ikkje ikkje ADV _ Polarity=Neg 3 advmod _ _
3 nynorsk nynorsk NOUN _ Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
4 , $, PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ _
5 sa seie VERB _ Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _
6 Viken Viken PROPN _ _ 5 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No
7 . $. PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ _
parataxis in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]