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ADV: adverb

Definition

Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner. They may also modify adjectives and other adverbs, as in очень важно  “very significantly” or вероятно неправильно  “provably wrong”.

There is a closed subclass of pronominal adverbs that refer to circumstances in context, rather than naming them directly; similarly to pronouns, these can be categorized as interrogative, relative, demonstrative etc. Pronominal adverbs also get the ADV part-of-speech tag but they are differentiated by additional features.

Note that Russian transgressives (also called adverbial participles) are tagged VERB, not ADV.

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)

There are 1008 ADV lemmas (6%), 1026 ADV types (4%) and 2982 ADV tokens (3%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of ADV is: 5 in number of lemmas, 5 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADV lemmas: ГДЕ, БОЛЕЕ, КАК, ТАК, УЖЕ, ЕЩЕ, КОГДА, ВМЕСТЕ, ЗАТЕМ, ПОЗЖЕ

The 10 most frequent ADV types: где, более, как, так, уже, ещё, когда, вместе, затем, менее

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: ГДЕ (ADV 78, SCONJ 2), КАК (ADP 165, ADV 64, SCONJ 21, CCONJ 4), ТАК (ADV 56, SCONJ 28, CCONJ 8, ADP 4), КОГДА (ADV 41, SCONJ 14), ЗАТЕМ (ADV 35, CCONJ 2), ТО (PRON 167, ADV 22, CCONJ 7, ADP 2, SCONJ 2), 2 (NUM 50, ADV 21, ADJ 7), 1 (NUM 39, ADJ 27, ADV 17), ХОРОШО (ADV 13, VERB 1), 4 (NUM 30, ADV 12, ADJ 10)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: где (ADV 77, SCONJ 2), как (ADP 154, ADV 62, SCONJ 16, CCONJ 4), так (ADV 43, SCONJ 24, CCONJ 7, ADP 4), когда (ADV 41, SCONJ 3), затем (ADV 28, CCONJ 2), то (DET 32, PRON 28, ADV 22, CCONJ 7, ADP 2, SCONJ 2), 2 (NUM 50, ADV 21, ADJ 7), всего (PRON 12, DET 8, ADV 8), 1 (NUM 39, ADJ 27, ADV 17), 4 (NUM 30, ADV 12, ADJ 10)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADV is 1.017857 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.576680).

The 1st highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “МАЛО”: мало, менее, меньше.

The 2nd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “МНОГО”: больше, много, побольше.

The 3rd highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “БЛИЗКО”: ближе, близко.

ADV occurs with 1 features: ru-feat/Degree (249; 8% instances)

ADV occurs with 2 feature-value pairs: Degree=Cmp, Degree=Sup

ADV occurs with 3 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is _ (2733 tokens). Examples: где, как, так, уже, ещё, когда, вместе, затем, впервые, очень

Relations

ADV nodes are attached to their parents using 28 different relations: ru-dep/advmod (1687; 57% instances), ru-dep/amod (329; 11% instances), ru-dep/goeswith (230; 8% instances), ru-dep/nmod (153; 5% instances), ru-dep/discourse (124; 4% instances), ru-dep/conj (100; 3% instances), ru-dep/appos (91; 3% instances), ru-dep/fixed (56; 2% instances), ru-dep/obl (54; 2% instances), ru-dep/nsubj (32; 1% instances), ru-dep/root (20; 1% instances), ru-dep/cc (17; 1% instances), ru-dep/list (14; 0% instances), ru-dep/flat:foreign (10; 0% instances), ru-dep/obj (10; 0% instances), ru-dep/cc:preconj (9; 0% instances), ru-dep/parataxis (9; 0% instances), ru-dep/case (7; 0% instances), ru-dep/nummod (7; 0% instances), ru-dep/iobj (5; 0% instances), ru-dep/orphan (5; 0% instances), ru-dep/flat (3; 0% instances), ru-dep/nsubj:pass (3; 0% instances), ru-dep/acl:relcl (2; 0% instances), ru-dep/advcl (2; 0% instances), ru-dep/acl (1; 0% instances), ru-dep/compound (1; 0% instances), ru-dep/mark (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADV nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: VERB (1340; 45% instances), NOUN (763; 26% instances), ADJ (274; 9% instances), ADV (192; 6% instances), PROPN (187; 6% instances), NUM (57; 2% instances), ADP (49; 2% instances), SCONJ (27; 1% instances), DET (25; 1% instances), PRON (24; 1% instances), ROOT (20; 1% instances), PART (9; 0% instances), CCONJ (6; 0% instances), PUNCT (4; 0% instances), SYM (4; 0% instances), AUX (1; 0% instances)

1835 (62%) ADV nodes are leaves.

307 (10%) ADV nodes have one child.

519 (17%) ADV nodes have two children.

321 (11%) ADV nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADV node is 9.

Children of ADV nodes are attached using 29 different relations: ru-dep/goeswith (1426; 55% instances), ru-dep/punct (379; 15% instances), ru-dep/nmod (217; 8% instances), ru-dep/case (93; 4% instances), ru-dep/advmod (83; 3% instances), ru-dep/conj (83; 3% instances), ru-dep/cc (59; 2% instances), ru-dep/appos (45; 2% instances), ru-dep/discourse (45; 2% instances), ru-dep/amod (23; 1% instances), ru-dep/fixed (19; 1% instances), ru-dep/nsubj (16; 1% instances), ru-dep/flat:foreign (10; 0% instances), ru-dep/det (9; 0% instances), ru-dep/nummod (9; 0% instances), ru-dep/list (8; 0% instances), ru-dep/acl:relcl (7; 0% instances), ru-dep/flat (7; 0% instances), ru-dep/orphan (6; 0% instances), ru-dep/parataxis (6; 0% instances), ru-dep/cop (5; 0% instances), ru-dep/xcomp (5; 0% instances), ru-dep/acl (4; 0% instances), ru-dep/cc:preconj (3; 0% instances), ru-dep/ccomp (3; 0% instances), ru-dep/advcl (2; 0% instances), ru-dep/iobj (2; 0% instances), ru-dep/mark (2; 0% instances), ru-dep/obj (2; 0% instances)

Children of ADV nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: PUNCT (1078; 42% instances), ADJ (427; 17% instances), NOUN (338; 13% instances), PROPN (207; 8% instances), ADV (192; 7% instances), ADP (106; 4% instances), CCONJ (74; 3% instances), PART (56; 2% instances), PRON (27; 1% instances), VERB (23; 1% instances), NUM (19; 1% instances), SYM (14; 1% instances), DET (9; 0% instances), AUX (5; 0% instances), SCONJ (3; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)

There are 1882 ADV lemmas (4%), 2024 ADV types (2%) and 50362 ADV tokens (5%). Out of 18 observed tags, the rank of ADV is: 5 in number of lemmas, 5 in number of types and 6 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADV lemmas: так, уже, еще, можно, более, как, очень, однако, где, сейчас

The 10 most frequent ADV types: так, уже, еще, можно, более, как, очень, однако, где, сейчас

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: так (ADV 2159, PART 7, SCONJ 1), как (SCONJ 3748, ADV 1028), сегодня (ADV 628, NOUN 23), там (ADV 614, PART 2), много (ADV 418, NUM 214), тут (ADV 398, NOUN 2, X 1), пока (ADV 331, SCONJ 175), далеко (ADV 259, NOUN 1), когда (SCONJ 1187, ADV 210), мало (ADV 201, NUM 158)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: так (ADV 1548, PART 4, SCONJ 1, CCONJ 1), уже (ADV 1624, ADJ 2), как (SCONJ 3201, ADV 784), сегодня (ADV 463, NOUN 22), надо (ADV 539, ADP 2), там (ADV 496, PART 2), конечно (ADV 336, ADJ 2), потом (ADV 359, NOUN 3), тут (ADV 327, NOUN 2, X 1), больше (ADV 321, NUM 209, ADJ 54)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADV is 1.075452 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.644632).

The 1st highest number of forms (7) was observed with the lemma “так”: дак, т., т.д, т.д., т.к., так, так,.

The 2nd highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “скоро”: поскорее, поскорей, скорее, скорей, скоро.

The 3rd highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “быстро”: быстрее, быстрей, быстро, побыстрее.

ADV occurs with 2 features: ru-feat/Degree (50191; 100% instances), ru-feat/Polarity (171; 0% instances)

ADV occurs with 3 feature-value pairs: Degree=Cmp, Degree=Pos, Polarity=Neg

ADV occurs with 3 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Degree=Pos (47066 tokens). Examples: так, уже, еще, можно, как, очень, однако, где, сейчас, например

Relations

ADV nodes are attached to their parents using 25 different relations: ru-dep/advmod (38219; 76% instances), ru-dep/parataxis (4374; 9% instances), ru-dep/root (2333; 5% instances), ru-dep/conj (1559; 3% instances), ru-dep/mark (718; 1% instances), ru-dep/nummod:gov (562; 1% instances), ru-dep/fixed (494; 1% instances), ru-dep/nmod (493; 1% instances), ru-dep/nsubj (382; 1% instances), ru-dep/advcl (344; 1% instances), ru-dep/case (315; 1% instances), ru-dep/orphan (221; 0% instances), ru-dep/acl:relcl (205; 0% instances), ru-dep/nsubj:pass (58; 0% instances), ru-dep/appos (22; 0% instances), ru-dep/acl (20; 0% instances), ru-dep/ccomp (11; 0% instances), ru-dep/compound (6; 0% instances), ru-dep/xcomp (6; 0% instances), ru-dep/flat:name (5; 0% instances), ru-dep/cc (4; 0% instances), ru-dep/dep (4; 0% instances), ru-dep/obl (4; 0% instances), ru-dep/nummod (2; 0% instances), ru-dep/amod (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADV nodes belong to 17 different parts of speech: VERB (27928; 55% instances), ADJ (7156; 14% instances), NOUN (5599; 11% instances), ADV (4278; 8% instances), ROOT (2333; 5% instances), PRON (909; 2% instances), PART (763; 2% instances), NUM (642; 1% instances), PROPN (344; 1% instances), DET (270; 1% instances), ADP (33; 0% instances), PUNCT (32; 0% instances), _ (29; 0% instances), CCONJ (25; 0% instances), SCONJ (17; 0% instances), INTJ (2; 0% instances), X (2; 0% instances)

29787 (59%) ADV nodes are leaves.

13889 (28%) ADV nodes have one child.

3858 (8%) ADV nodes have two children.

2828 (6%) ADV nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADV node is 10.

Children of ADV nodes are attached using 31 different relations: ru-dep/punct (11007; 35% instances), ru-dep/advmod (6456; 20% instances), ru-dep/nsubj (3071; 10% instances), ru-dep/nmod (2445; 8% instances), ru-dep/cc (1741; 5% instances), ru-dep/fixed (1678; 5% instances), ru-dep/conj (1521; 5% instances), ru-dep/parataxis (816; 3% instances), ru-dep/advcl (771; 2% instances), ru-dep/cop (718; 2% instances), ru-dep/mark (702; 2% instances), ru-dep/acl:relcl (134; 0% instances), ru-dep/orphan (101; 0% instances), ru-dep/iobj (95; 0% instances), ru-dep/obj (82; 0% instances), ru-dep/case (80; 0% instances), ru-dep/_ (76; 0% instances), ru-dep/aux (69; 0% instances), ru-dep/acl (67; 0% instances), ru-dep/dep (41; 0% instances), ru-dep/nummod (39; 0% instances), ru-dep/amod (35; 0% instances), ru-dep/flat:name (35; 0% instances), ru-dep/appos (14; 0% instances), ru-dep/obl (14; 0% instances), ru-dep/discourse (11; 0% instances), ru-dep/root (7; 0% instances), ru-dep/flat:foreign (4; 0% instances), ru-dep/nummod:gov (4; 0% instances), ru-dep/compound (2; 0% instances), ru-dep/nsubj:pass (1; 0% instances)

Children of ADV nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: PUNCT (11007; 35% instances), ADV (4163; 13% instances), VERB (3769; 12% instances), PART (3749; 12% instances), NOUN (3171; 10% instances), SCONJ (1740; 5% instances), CCONJ (1503; 5% instances), PRON (1133; 4% instances), AUX (454; 1% instances), ADJ (362; 1% instances), ADP (334; 1% instances), PROPN (255; 1% instances), _ (76; 0% instances), DET (60; 0% instances), NUM (55; 0% instances), INTJ (6; 0% instances)


ADV in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]