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ADV: adverb

Definition

Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner. In Italian, they may also modify adjectives (as in palesemente falso “clearly fake”), other adverbs (as in molto bene “very well”), or even nouns / pronouns (as in proprio lui “exactly him”).

###Corresponding language-specific part-of-speech tags

B: Adverb

BN: Negation adverb

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian)

There are 579 ADV lemmas (3%), 583 ADV types (2%) and 10816 ADV tokens (4%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of ADV is: 6 in number of lemmas, 6 in number of types and 9 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADV lemmas: non, più, anche, dove, come, quando, solo, prima, sempre, ancora

The 10 most frequent ADV types: non, più, anche, dove, come, quando, solo, prima, sempre, poi

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: più (ADV 824, DET 39, PRON 24, NOUN 5, ADP 1, CCONJ 1, ADJ 1), dove (ADV 294, SCONJ 5, PRON 3), come (ADP 475, ADV 232, SCONJ 172, CCONJ 4, PRON 1, X 1), quando (SCONJ 334, ADV 202, PRON 2, CCONJ 1), solo (ADV 198, ADJ 76), prima (ADV 182, NOUN 2, ADJ 2, ADP 1), ancora (ADV 169, NOUN 1), molto (DET 176, ADV 160, PRON 53, ADJ 2), già (ADV 151, INTJ 1), oggi (ADV 147, NOUN 2)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: più (ADV 817, DET 38, PRON 24, NOUN 5, ADJ 1, CCONJ 1, ADP 1), dove (ADV 165, SCONJ 5, PRON 3), come (ADP 452, SCONJ 147, ADV 66, CCONJ 4, PRON 1), quando (SCONJ 252, ADV 6, PRON 2, CCONJ 1), solo (ADV 187, ADJ 32), prima (ADV 158, ADJ 150, NOUN 2, ADP 1), ancora (ADV 154, NOUN 1), molto (ADV 154, DET 11, PRON 3), oggi (ADV 113, NOUN 2), così (ADV 123, CCONJ 2)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADV is 1.006908 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.485733).

The 1st highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “eccetera”: ecc, ecc., eccetera, etc..

The 2nd highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “poco”: po’, pochissimo, poco, po’.

The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “bene”: ben, bene, benissimo.

ADV occurs with 4 features: it-feat/PronType (1872; 17% instances), it-feat/Degree (18; 0% instances), it-feat/Gender (1; 0% instances), it-feat/Number (1; 0% instances)

ADV occurs with 4 feature-value pairs: Degree=Abs, Gender=Masc, Number=Sing, PronType=Neg

ADV occurs with 4 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is _ (8926 tokens). Examples: più, anche, dove, come, quando, solo, prima, sempre, poi, ancora

Relations

ADV nodes are attached to their parents using 18 different relations: it-dep/advmod (9949; 92% instances), it-dep/case (428; 4% instances), it-dep/mark (148; 1% instances), it-dep/conj (82; 1% instances), it-dep/root (76; 1% instances), it-dep/fixed (68; 1% instances), it-dep/cc (25; 0% instances), it-dep/obj (9; 0% instances), it-dep/orphan (9; 0% instances), it-dep/nmod (5; 0% instances), it-dep/nsubj (5; 0% instances), it-dep/obl (5; 0% instances), it-dep/dep (2; 0% instances), it-dep/acl:relcl (1; 0% instances), it-dep/advcl (1; 0% instances), it-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), it-dep/parataxis (1; 0% instances), it-dep/xcomp (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADV nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: VERB (6016; 56% instances), NOUN (1929; 18% instances), ADJ (1603; 15% instances), ADV (399; 4% instances), PRON (249; 2% instances), PROPN (205; 2% instances), NUM (162; 1% instances), SCONJ (82; 1% instances), ROOT (76; 1% instances), ADP (58; 1% instances), AUX (16; 0% instances), DET (9; 0% instances), SYM (8; 0% instances), X (2; 0% instances), CCONJ (1; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)

8930 (83%) ADV nodes are leaves.

1591 (15%) ADV nodes have one child.

195 (2%) ADV nodes have two children.

100 (1%) ADV nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADV node is 8.

Children of ADV nodes are attached using 27 different relations: it-dep/punct (581; 25% instances), it-dep/fixed (577; 24% instances), it-dep/advmod (338; 14% instances), it-dep/case (268; 11% instances), it-dep/obl (201; 9% instances), it-dep/cc (90; 4% instances), it-dep/det (69; 3% instances), it-dep/conj (65; 3% instances), it-dep/cop (32; 1% instances), it-dep/ccomp (26; 1% instances), it-dep/advcl (25; 1% instances), it-dep/nsubj (16; 1% instances), it-dep/csubj (14; 1% instances), it-dep/amod (9; 0% instances), it-dep/nummod (9; 0% instances), it-dep/acl:relcl (8; 0% instances), it-dep/expl (6; 0% instances), it-dep/mark (6; 0% instances), it-dep/discourse (5; 0% instances), it-dep/aux (4; 0% instances), it-dep/parataxis (4; 0% instances), it-dep/obj (3; 0% instances), it-dep/orphan (3; 0% instances), it-dep/iobj (2; 0% instances), it-dep/nmod (1; 0% instances), it-dep/obl:agent (1; 0% instances), it-dep/vocative (1; 0% instances)

Children of ADV nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: ADP (737; 31% instances), PUNCT (581; 25% instances), ADV (399; 17% instances), NOUN (199; 8% instances), CCONJ (93; 4% instances), SCONJ (83; 4% instances), VERB (77; 3% instances), DET (70; 3% instances), PRON (37; 2% instances), AUX (36; 2% instances), ADJ (17; 1% instances), PROPN (16; 1% instances), NUM (12; 1% instances), INTJ (5; 0% instances), SYM (1; 0% instances), X (1; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian-ParTUT)

There are 253 ADV lemmas (5%), 259 ADV types (3%) and 1463 ADV tokens (3%). Out of 15 observed tags, the rank of ADV is: 5 in number of lemmas, 5 in number of types and 9 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADV lemmas: non, più, anche, solo, molto, oggi, ora, così, ancora, già

The 10 most frequent ADV types: non, più, anche, solo, oggi, molto, ora, così, già, tuttavia

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: più (ADV 153, DET 13, PRON 3, NOUN 1), solo (ADV 31, ADJ 8), molto (DET 33, ADV 28, PRON 23), ora (ADV 26, NOUN 7), così (ADV 22, CCONJ 1), ancora (ADV 21, NOUN 1), meno (ADV 19, PRON 1), bene (ADV 17, NOUN 4), poco (ADV 15, DET 11, PRON 3, NOUN 2, ADJ 1), invece (ADV 14, ADP 4)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: più (ADV 153, DET 13, PRON 3, NOUN 1), solo (ADV 27, ADJ 2), molto (ADV 27, DET 4, PRON 2), ora (ADV 17, NOUN 2), così (ADV 21, CCONJ 1), meno (ADV 18, PRON 1), ancora (ADV 17, NOUN 1), poco (ADV 13, PRON 2, DET 1), invece (ADV 13, ADP 3), quanto (PRON 25, ADV 10, ADP 2)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADV is 1.023715 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.446672).

The 1st highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “anche”: anch’, anche.

The 2nd highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “ancora”: ancor, ancora.

The 3rd highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “bene”: ben, bene.

ADV occurs with 2 features: it-feat/PronType (251; 17% instances), it-feat/Degree (1; 0% instances)

ADV occurs with 2 feature-value pairs: Degree=Abs, PronType=Neg

ADV occurs with 3 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is _ (1211 tokens). Examples: più, anche, solo, oggi, molto, ora, così, già, tuttavia, meno

Relations

ADV nodes are attached to their parents using 11 different relations: it-dep/advmod (1405; 96% instances), it-dep/mark (15; 1% instances), it-dep/case (11; 1% instances), it-dep/conj (10; 1% instances), it-dep/fixed (8; 1% instances), it-dep/root (5; 0% instances), it-dep/cc (3; 0% instances), it-dep/advcl (2; 0% instances), it-dep/orphan (2; 0% instances), it-dep/discourse (1; 0% instances), it-dep/obl (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADV nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: VERB (765; 52% instances), ADJ (287; 20% instances), NOUN (222; 15% instances), ADV (74; 5% instances), PRON (42; 3% instances), PROPN (19; 1% instances), SCONJ (16; 1% instances), NUM (14; 1% instances), ADP (10; 1% instances), ROOT (5; 0% instances), AUX (4; 0% instances), DET (3; 0% instances), SYM (2; 0% instances)

1228 (84%) ADV nodes are leaves.

190 (13%) ADV nodes have one child.

33 (2%) ADV nodes have two children.

12 (1%) ADV nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADV node is 5.

Children of ADV nodes are attached using 17 different relations: it-dep/punct (114; 39% instances), it-dep/advmod (67; 23% instances), it-dep/case (27; 9% instances), it-dep/obl (26; 9% instances), it-dep/fixed (20; 7% instances), it-dep/conj (12; 4% instances), it-dep/cc (9; 3% instances), it-dep/cop (4; 1% instances), it-dep/ccomp (3; 1% instances), it-dep/det (3; 1% instances), it-dep/advcl (2; 1% instances), it-dep/mark (2; 1% instances), it-dep/nsubj (2; 1% instances), it-dep/amod (1; 0% instances), it-dep/discourse (1; 0% instances), it-dep/obj (1; 0% instances), it-dep/vocative (1; 0% instances)

Children of ADV nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: PUNCT (114; 39% instances), ADV (74; 25% instances), ADP (38; 13% instances), NOUN (31; 11% instances), CCONJ (10; 3% instances), SCONJ (8; 3% instances), PRON (6; 2% instances), VERB (5; 2% instances), AUX (4; 1% instances), DET (3; 1% instances), ADJ (1; 0% instances), PROPN (1; 0% instances)


ADV in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]