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NOUN: noun

Definition

Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea.

The NOUN tag is intended for common nouns only. See PROPN for proper nouns and PRON for pronouns.

###Corresponding language-specific part-of-speech tags

S: Common noun

Examples

• ragazza “girl”
• gatto “cat”
• albero “tree”
• aria “air”
• bellezza “beauty”

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian)

There are 6941 NOUN lemmas (35%), 8821 NOUN types (30%) and 56272 NOUN tokens (20%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of NOUN is: 1 in number of lemmas, 1 in number of types and 1 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent NOUN lemmas: anno, diritto, articolo, parte, fondo, presidente, legge, paese, stato, opera

The 10 most frequent NOUN types: anni, presidente, parte, fondo, diritto, anno, legge, persone, città, proprietario

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: diritto (NOUN 376, ADV 3, ADJ 2), fondo (NOUN 366, ADJ 2), legge (NOUN 322, VERB 1), proprietario (NOUN 249, ADJ 1), cosa (NOUN 225, PRON 136, ADV 1), fine (NOUN 138, ADJ 5), cittadino (NOUN 133, ADJ 2), uso (NOUN 127, ADJ 1), capitale (NOUN 104, ADJ 3), piano (NOUN 103, ADV 5)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: parte (NOUN 312, VERB 4), diritto (NOUN 253, ADV 3), legge (NOUN 231, VERB 7), proprietario (NOUN 209, ADJ 1), stato (AUX 297, NOUN 87, VERB 26), lavoro (NOUN 161, VERB 2), governo (NOUN 88, VERB 1), cosa (NOUN 150, PRON 91, ADV 1), opera (NOUN 142, VERB 4), volta (NOUN 141, VERB 5)

• parte
  • NOUN 312: La maggior parte di voi conosce i funghi champignon .
  • VERB 4: Si parte per vedere il mostro e si incontra , con un brivido , un uomo .
• diritto
  • NOUN 253: Ogni individuo ha diritto ad una cittadinanza .
  • ADV 3: Adesso il suo esercito sta marciando diritto verso questo traguardo .
• legge
  • NOUN 231: La legge ne assicura la ragionevole durata .
  • VERB 7: Su il giornale , una mattina , l’ ex commissario legge una brutta notizia :
• proprietario
  • NOUN 209: Marco Paradisi , il proprietario , è a il timone .
  • ADJ 1: il Parma onora la Coppa formato esportazione di lo sponsor proprietario e vince la Parmalat cup .
• stato
  • AUX 297: Il gip di Busto Arsizio che ha firmato l’ ordinanza è stato assassinato .
  • NOUN 87: Ferita e in stato di choc la moglie zairota di Castiglioni , Noella .
  • VERB 26: Il rapporto tra i due sembra essere stato di giocosa simpatia .
• lavoro
  • NOUN 161: Quale ditta è accusata di avere sfruttato il lavoro minorile ?
  • VERB 2: Rolf Bolin , un professore di la Hopkin ‘s Marine Station , per la quale io lavoro , in gli anni ‘40 scrisse :
• governo
  • NOUN 88: ” Il governo sono io , non Walesa e presto vedrò il leader sovietico “ .
  • VERB 1: - “ In Polonia governo io , Walesa è un sindacalista “ ;
• cosa
  • NOUN 150: 1019 . Perimento di cosa assicurata da l’ usufruttuario .
  • PRON 91: Che cosa ha impacchettato l’ artista Christo ?
  • ADV 1: Scopri cosa fanno le persone che ti interessano .
• opera
  • NOUN 142: Battesimo per l’ opera verdiana .
  • VERB 4: La mafia italiana opera in Albania .
• volta
  • NOUN 141: L’ ho sentito qualche volta a il telefono , non l’ ho mai visto .
  • VERB 5: Il mio gruppo sarà sempre a favore di qualsiasi iniziativa volta a migliorare la sicurezza di i trasporti .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of NOUN is 1.270854 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.485733).

The 1st highest number of forms (6) was observed with the lemma “professore”: prof., professor, professore, professoressa, professoresse, professori.

The 2nd highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “numero”: n., nn., numeri, numero, n°.

The 3rd highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “pagina”: pag., pagg., pagina, pagine, pp..

NOUN occurs with 5 features: it-feat/Gender (54468; 97% instances), it-feat/Number (51950; 92% instances), it-feat/Foreign (1; 0% instances), it-feat/Tense (1; 0% instances), it-feat/VerbForm (1; 0% instances)

NOUN occurs with 7 feature-value pairs: Foreign=Yes, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part

NOUN occurs with 11 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Gender=Masc|Number=Sing (19641 tokens). Examples: presidente, fondo, diritto, anno, proprietario, stato, mondo, caso, art., tempo

Relations

NOUN nodes are attached to their parents using 25 different relations: it-dep/nmod (16741; 30% instances), it-dep/obl (12827; 23% instances), it-dep/obj (7653; 14% instances), it-dep/nsubj (7070; 13% instances), it-dep/conj (4749; 8% instances), it-dep/root (2325; 4% instances), it-dep/nsubj:pass (1760; 3% instances), it-dep/obl:agent (878; 2% instances), it-dep/compound (643; 1% instances), it-dep/appos (594; 1% instances), it-dep/xcomp (308; 1% instances), it-dep/flat (245; 0% instances), it-dep/vocative (87; 0% instances), it-dep/advcl (86; 0% instances), it-dep/ccomp (79; 0% instances), it-dep/acl:relcl (54; 0% instances), it-dep/parataxis (42; 0% instances), it-dep/case (37; 0% instances), it-dep/fixed (26; 0% instances), it-dep/orphan (26; 0% instances), it-dep/dislocated (18; 0% instances), it-dep/acl (12; 0% instances), it-dep/csubj (8; 0% instances), it-dep/amod (2; 0% instances), it-dep/discourse (2; 0% instances)

Parents of NOUN nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: VERB (27565; 49% instances), NOUN (21734; 39% instances), ROOT (2325; 4% instances), ADJ (1945; 3% instances), PROPN (1006; 2% instances), PRON (977; 2% instances), NUM (395; 1% instances), ADV (199; 0% instances), SYM (33; 0% instances), ADP (31; 0% instances), AUX (19; 0% instances), X (16; 0% instances), DET (11; 0% instances), PUNCT (7; 0% instances), SCONJ (5; 0% instances), INTJ (4; 0% instances)

1540 (3%) NOUN nodes are leaves.

11287 (20%) NOUN nodes have one child.

18932 (34%) NOUN nodes have two children.

24513 (44%) NOUN nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a NOUN node is 35.

Children of NOUN nodes are attached using 39 different relations: it-dep/det (38565; 28% instances), it-dep/case (30992; 22% instances), it-dep/nmod (20904; 15% instances), it-dep/amod (14610; 10% instances), it-dep/punct (9654; 7% instances), it-dep/conj (4664; 3% instances), it-dep/cc (3567; 3% instances), it-dep/acl (3074; 2% instances), it-dep/nummod (2565; 2% instances), it-dep/acl:relcl (2304; 2% instances), it-dep/det:poss (1772; 1% instances), it-dep/advmod (1601; 1% instances), it-dep/cop (1272; 1% instances), it-dep/nsubj (893; 1% instances), it-dep/compound (646; 0% instances), it-dep/appos (468; 0% instances), it-dep/det:predet (357; 0% instances), it-dep/advcl (330; 0% instances), it-dep/mark (243; 0% instances), it-dep/obl (238; 0% instances), it-dep/aux (114; 0% instances), it-dep/parataxis (80; 0% instances), it-dep/fixed (55; 0% instances), it-dep/flat (53; 0% instances), it-dep/csubj (45; 0% instances), it-dep/ccomp (36; 0% instances), it-dep/orphan (35; 0% instances), it-dep/flat:name (29; 0% instances), it-dep/vocative (14; 0% instances), it-dep/obl:agent (12; 0% instances), it-dep/obj (10; 0% instances), it-dep/aux:pass (8; 0% instances), it-dep/dep (7; 0% instances), it-dep/nsubj:pass (7; 0% instances), it-dep/discourse (6; 0% instances), it-dep/iobj (3; 0% instances), it-dep/expl (2; 0% instances), it-dep/xcomp (2; 0% instances), it-dep/flat:foreign (1; 0% instances)

Children of NOUN nodes belong to 17 different parts of speech: DET (40697; 29% instances), ADP (30736; 22% instances), NOUN (21734; 16% instances), ADJ (14830; 11% instances), PUNCT (9654; 7% instances), VERB (5848; 4% instances), PROPN (4968; 4% instances), CCONJ (3556; 3% instances), NUM (2836; 2% instances), ADV (1929; 1% instances), AUX (1394; 1% instances), PRON (734; 1% instances), SCONJ (233; 0% instances), X (59; 0% instances), SYM (21; 0% instances), INTJ (7; 0% instances), PART (2; 0% instances)

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian-ParTUT)

There are 2109 NOUN lemmas (39%), 2591 NOUN types (33%) and 8709 NOUN tokens (20%). Out of 15 observed tags, the rank of NOUN is: 1 in number of lemmas, 1 in number of types and 1 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent NOUN lemmas: opera, anno, parte, paese, lavoro, diritto, commissione, vita, programma, stato

The 10 most frequent NOUN types: anni, opere, parte, commissione, opera, lavoro, vita, paesi, modo, crescita

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: critico (NOUN 28, ADJ 4), onorevole (NOUN 27, ADJ 7), cosa (NOUN 19, PRON 3), pubblico (ADJ 25, NOUN 19), particolare (NOUN 18, ADJ 11), amico (NOUN 15, ADJ 1), romanzo (NOUN 15, ADJ 3), studioso (NOUN 15, ADJ 1), via (NOUN 13, ADP 1, ADV 1), verso (ADP 13, NOUN 12)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: lavoro (NOUN 57, VERB 1), stati (NOUN 31, AUX 22, VERB 2), prodotti (NOUN 27, VERB 1), consiglio (NOUN 14, VERB 1), stato (AUX 43, NOUN 20), fatto (NOUN 19, VERB 12), pubblico (NOUN 19, ADJ 6), particolare (NOUN 17, ADJ 9), volta (NOUN 17, VERB 5), politica (NOUN 15, ADJ 7)

• lavoro
  • NOUN 57: Il ritiro da il lavoro non era comune in quel periodo .
  • VERB 1: Rolf Bolin , un professore di la Hopkin’s Marine Station , per la quale io lavoro , in gli anni ‘40 scrisse :
• stati
  • NOUN 31: Gli stati membri di l’ unione sono stati irresponsabili a non rinnovare l’ embargo .
  • AUX 22: Durante i primi 3 anni di il programma sono stati avviati 38 progetti ;
  • VERB 2: Ci sono stati molti feriti , ma i cittadini hanno prevalso .
• prodotti
  • NOUN 27: L’ Ucraina dipende da il gas russo , e necessita di l’ accesso a i mercati europei per i suoi prodotti ;
  • VERB 1: In gli ultimi due anni , l’ India ha invalidato o attaccato i brevetti di 15 farmaci prodotti da aziende internazionali per spianare la strada a i campioni locali , sostenendo che l’ esclusività permetterebbe a le aziende di fissare dei prezzi alti a danno di i consumatori .
• consiglio
  • NOUN 14: Tale periodo può essere prorogato da una legge europea di il consiglio .
  • VERB 1: ( per i dettagli tecnici , vi consiglio un recente articolo di Edwin M. Truman , il mio collega presso il Peterson Institute for International Economics ) .
• stato
  • AUX 43: John Aubrey ha riferito che Shakespeare è stato un maestro di campagna .
  • NOUN 20: La buona notizia è che il governo Park sta lavorando per cambiare questo stato di cose .
• fatto
  • NOUN 19: Ma la cosa che più sorprende è il fatto che ne siamo sorpresi .
  • VERB 12: Perché non viene fatto rispettare il divieto di fumare in le aree riservate appunto a i non fumatori ?
• pubblico
  • NOUN 19: Scegli il tuo pubblico in base a posizione geografica , età e interessi .
  • ADJ 6: Ora , però , verrà messo nuovamente in stato di accusa perché il pubblico ministero ricorrerà in appello .
• particolare
  • NOUN 17: In particolare , ha ampliato il potenziale drammatico di caratterizzazione , trama , linguaggio e genere .
  • ADJ 9: Anche la scelta di il particolare momento di la decisione è significativo ;
• volta
  • NOUN 17: Ripeto ancora una volta la mia richiesta :
  • VERB 5: Certamente non possiamo accontentar ci di creare una normativa europea volta a elevare il grado di sicurezza .
• politica
  • NOUN 15: Un altro punto che desideriamo sottolineare è invece legato a la politica industriale .
  • ADJ 7: L’ Ue è una struttura politica stimolante che cerca di rompere gli schemi di lo stato - nazione di il XIX secolo .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of NOUN is 1.228544 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.446672).

The 1st highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “figlio”: figli, figlia, figlie, figlio.

The 2nd highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “numero”: n., nn., numeri, numero.

The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “bambino”: bambina, bambini, bambino.

NOUN occurs with 2 features: it-feat/Gender (8458; 97% instances), it-feat/Number (8057; 93% instances)

NOUN occurs with 4 feature-value pairs: Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Number=Plur, Number=Sing

NOUN occurs with 9 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Gender=Masc|Number=Sing (2809 tokens). Examples: lavoro, modo, parlamento, diritto, sviluppo, periodo, programma, mondo, settore, individuo

Relations

NOUN nodes are attached to their parents using 24 different relations: it-dep/nmod (2940; 34% instances), it-dep/obl (1863; 21% instances), it-dep/obj (1275; 15% instances), it-dep/nsubj (941; 11% instances), it-dep/conj (752; 9% instances), it-dep/nsubj:pass (243; 3% instances), it-dep/root (177; 2% instances), it-dep/obl:agent (124; 1% instances), it-dep/compound (120; 1% instances), it-dep/xcomp (61; 1% instances), it-dep/vocative (46; 1% instances), it-dep/appos (45; 1% instances), it-dep/flat (35; 0% instances), it-dep/ccomp (27; 0% instances), it-dep/advcl (22; 0% instances), it-dep/acl:relcl (11; 0% instances), it-dep/acl (9; 0% instances), it-dep/case (7; 0% instances), it-dep/fixed (3; 0% instances), it-dep/orphan (3; 0% instances), it-dep/csubj (2; 0% instances), it-dep/amod (1; 0% instances), it-dep/dep (1; 0% instances), it-dep/discourse (1; 0% instances)

Parents of NOUN nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: VERB (4160; 48% instances), NOUN (3689; 42% instances), ADJ (321; 4% instances), ROOT (177; 2% instances), PRON (127; 1% instances), PROPN (126; 1% instances), NUM (44; 1% instances), ADV (31; 0% instances), SYM (13; 0% instances), X (9; 0% instances), ADP (5; 0% instances), AUX (4; 0% instances), DET (3; 0% instances)

272 (3%) NOUN nodes are leaves.

1494 (17%) NOUN nodes have one child.

2706 (31%) NOUN nodes have two children.

4237 (49%) NOUN nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a NOUN node is 12.

Children of NOUN nodes are attached using 32 different relations: it-dep/det (6094; 27% instances), it-dep/case (5042; 22% instances), it-dep/nmod (3472; 15% instances), it-dep/amod (2676; 12% instances), it-dep/punct (1334; 6% instances), it-dep/conj (740; 3% instances), it-dep/cc (615; 3% instances), it-dep/acl (582; 3% instances), it-dep/det:poss (449; 2% instances), it-dep/acl:relcl (323; 1% instances), it-dep/nummod (264; 1% instances), it-dep/advmod (213; 1% instances), it-dep/cop (202; 1% instances), it-dep/nsubj (155; 1% instances), it-dep/compound (120; 1% instances), it-dep/det:predet (65; 0% instances), it-dep/mark (55; 0% instances), it-dep/flat (54; 0% instances), it-dep/appos (29; 0% instances), it-dep/aux (16; 0% instances), it-dep/obl (12; 0% instances), it-dep/csubj (10; 0% instances), it-dep/fixed (9; 0% instances), it-dep/vocative (7; 0% instances), it-dep/advcl (6; 0% instances), it-dep/obj (6; 0% instances), it-dep/ccomp (4; 0% instances), it-dep/orphan (3; 0% instances), it-dep/flat:name (2; 0% instances), it-dep/aux:pass (1; 0% instances), it-dep/expl (1; 0% instances), it-dep/iobj (1; 0% instances)

Children of NOUN nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: DET (6610; 29% instances), ADP (5040; 22% instances), NOUN (3689; 16% instances), ADJ (2713; 12% instances), PUNCT (1334; 6% instances), VERB (929; 4% instances), PROPN (658; 3% instances), CCONJ (612; 3% instances), NUM (316; 1% instances), ADV (222; 1% instances), AUX (219; 1% instances), PRON (140; 1% instances), SCONJ (54; 0% instances), X (21; 0% instances), SYM (5; 0% instances)

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NOUN in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]

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