NOUN
: noun
Definition
A noun can be defined in Ancient Greek as the PoS inflecting for case, number, and (typically one) gender. Some adjectives might be confused with nouns, they being very often used as substantivized adjectives (e.g., Ἀθηναῖος). In general, the LSJ should be used if doubt arises.
Examples
- λογεύς, έως, ὁ, “speaker”
- λῆμμα, ατος, τό, “anything received”
- ὕδωρ, ὕδατος, τό, “water”
References
Liddell, Henry George Liddell, and Robert Scott. 1940. A Greek-English lexicon. Revised by Sir Henry Stuart Jones with the assistance of Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Perseus Digital Library)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Ancient_Greek)
There are 4909 NOUN
lemmas (39%), 10986 NOUN
types (29%) and 36705 NOUN
tokens (20%).
Out of 14 observed tags, the rank of NOUN
is: 1 in number of lemmas, 2 in number of types and 1 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent NOUN
lemmas: ἀνήρ, ναῦς, θεός, ζεύς, χείρ, τρώς, πόλις, θυμός, ἵππος, παῖς
The 10 most frequent NOUN
types: θεῶν, ἀνδρῶν, Ἕκτωρ, Διὸς, ἵππους, θυμὸν, Τρώων, πόλιν, Ζεὺς, νῆας
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: Ἀθήναιος (NOUN 154, ADJ 1), Λακεδαιμόνιος (NOUN 133, ADJ 5), Ἀθηναῖος (NOUN 84, ADJ 15), βοῦς (NOUN 80, ADJ 1), πλῆθος (NOUN 65, ADJ 1), Κορίνθιος (NOUN 62, ADJ 5), νεκρός (NOUN 61, ADJ 14), βάρβαρος (NOUN 58, ADJ 17), Ἴλιος (NOUN 56, ADJ 2), χάρις (NOUN 46, ADP 1)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: Ἀθηναίων (NOUN 72, ADJ 3), Λακεδαιμόνιοι (NOUN 54, ADJ 1), Ἴλιον (NOUN 41, ADJ 1), χάριν (NOUN 35, ADP 1), ἀρχὴν (NOUN 30, ADV 1), Λακεδαιμονίους (NOUN 29, ADJ 2), Ἀχαιῶν (ADJ 181, NOUN 27), βαρβάρων (NOUN 25, ADJ 6), μηδὲν (NOUN 22, PRON 17), ὀχέων (NOUN 22, VERB 1)
- Ἀθηναίων
- Λακεδαιμόνιοι
- Ἴλιον
- χάριν
- ἀρχὴν
- Λακεδαιμονίους
- Ἀχαιῶν
- βαρβάρων
- μηδὲν
- ὀχέων
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of NOUN
is 2.237930 (the average of all parts of speech is 3.038201).
The 1st highest number of forms (33) was observed with the lemma “χείρ”: χέρα, χέρας, χέρεσσιν, χέρσ̓, χείρ, χείρεσι, χείρεσσ̓, χείρεσσι, χείρεσσιν, χειρί, χειροῖν, χειρός, χειρὶ, χειρὸς, χειρῶν, χερί, χεροῖν, χερσί, χερσίν, χερσὶ, χερσὶν, χερός, χερὶ, χερὸς, χερῶν, χεὶρ, χεῖῤ, χεῖράς, χεῖρές, χεῖρα, χεῖρας, χεῖρε, χεῖρες.
The 2nd highest number of forms (32) was observed with the lemma “ναῦς”: νέας, νέες, νέεσσι, νέεσσιν, νήεσσι, νήεσσιν, ναυσί, ναυσὶ, ναυσὶν, ναὸς, ναῦν, ναῦς, ναῦφι, ναῦφιν, νεός, νεὸς, νεὼς, νεῶν, νηυσί, νηυσίν, νηυσὶ, νηυσὶν, νηός, νηὶ, νηὸς, νηῒ, νηῦς, νηῶν, νῆάς, νῆα, νῆας, νῆες.
The 3rd highest number of forms (32) was observed with the lemma “ἀνήρ”: τἀνδρός, τἀνδρὶ, τἀνδρὸς, ἀνέρα, ἀνέρας, ἀνέρε, ἀνέρες, ἀνέρι, ἀνέρος, ἀνέρων, ἀνήρ, ἀνδράσι, ἀνδράσιν, ἀνδρί, ἀνδρός, ἀνδρὶ, ἀνδρὸς, ἀνδρῶν, ἀνὴρ, ἁνήρ, ἁνὴρ, ἄνδῤ, ἄνδρά, ἄνδρα, ἄνδρας, ἄνδρε, ἄνδρες, ἄνδρεσσι, ἄνδρεσσιν, ἅνδρες, ἆνερ, ὡνὴρ.
NOUN
occurs with 3 features: grc-feat/Case (36703; 100% instances), grc-feat/Number (36689; 100% instances), grc-feat/Gender (36604; 100% instances)
NOUN
occurs with 11 feature-value pairs: Case=Acc
, Case=Dat
, Case=Gen
, Case=Nom
, Case=Voc
, Gender=Fem
, Gender=Masc
, Gender=Neut
, Number=Dual
, Number=Plur
, Number=Sing
NOUN
occurs with 53 feature combinations.
The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing
(4052 tokens).
Examples: Ἕκτωρ, Ζεὺς, Ἀπόλλων, ἀνὴρ, Ἀχιλλεύς, Αἴας, πατὴρ, Ἀγαμέμνων, θυμὸς, Ἀχιλλεὺς
Relations
NOUN
nodes are attached to their parents using 14 different relations: grc-dep/obj (10150; 28% instances), grc-dep/nsubj (7348; 20% instances), grc-dep/nmod (6000; 16% instances), grc-dep/obl (5854; 16% instances), grc-dep/advmod (2475; 7% instances), grc-dep/conj (2475; 7% instances), grc-dep/vocative (707; 2% instances), grc-dep/iobj (608; 2% instances), grc-dep/xcomp (552; 2% instances), grc-dep/appos (212; 1% instances), grc-dep/root (166; 0% instances), grc-dep/advcl (75; 0% instances), grc-dep/acl (74; 0% instances), grc-dep/case (9; 0% instances)
Parents of NOUN
nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: VERB (26534; 72% instances), NOUN (7798; 21% instances), ADJ (1471; 4% instances), PRON (446; 1% instances), ROOT (166; 0% instances), DET (146; 0% instances), ADV (102; 0% instances), ADP (19; 0% instances), X (8; 0% instances), PUNCT (6; 0% instances), CCONJ (4; 0% instances), PART (3; 0% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances)
11647 (32%) NOUN
nodes are leaves.
14425 (39%) NOUN
nodes have one child.
6874 (19%) NOUN
nodes have two children.
3759 (10%) NOUN
nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a NOUN
node is 98.
Children of NOUN
nodes are attached using 23 different relations: grc-dep/nmod (16882; 39% instances), grc-dep/det (7192; 17% instances), grc-dep/case (6656; 16% instances), grc-dep/conj (2534; 6% instances), grc-dep/advmod (2467; 6% instances), grc-dep/cc (2031; 5% instances), grc-dep/punct (1180; 3% instances), grc-dep/acl (1004; 2% instances), grc-dep/amod (852; 2% instances), grc-dep/xcomp (663; 2% instances), grc-dep/cop (439; 1% instances), grc-dep/nsubj (247; 1% instances), grc-dep/appos (221; 1% instances), grc-dep/nummod (180; 0% instances), grc-dep/advcl (55; 0% instances), grc-dep/mark (49; 0% instances), grc-dep/obl (38; 0% instances), grc-dep/obj (37; 0% instances), grc-dep/csubj (21; 0% instances), grc-dep/vocative (17; 0% instances), grc-dep/iobj (3; 0% instances), grc-dep/aux (2; 0% instances), grc-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances)
Children of NOUN
nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: ADJ (11302; 26% instances), NOUN (7798; 18% instances), DET (7194; 17% instances), ADP (6625; 15% instances), VERB (2632; 6% instances), CCONJ (1844; 4% instances), PRON (1364; 3% instances), PART (1320; 3% instances), PUNCT (1180; 3% instances), ADV (1102; 3% instances), INTJ (183; 0% instances), NUM (181; 0% instances), SCONJ (40; 0% instances), X (6; 0% instances)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Ancient_Greek-PROIEL)
There are 2923 NOUN
lemmas (31%), 7373 NOUN
types (23%) and 33199 NOUN
tokens (17%).
Out of 14 observed tags, the rank of NOUN
is: 1 in number of lemmas, 2 in number of types and 2 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent NOUN
lemmas: θεός, κύριος, ἄνθρωπος, ἀνήρ, λόγος, ἡμέρα, γυνή, πατήρ, πόλις, βασιλεύς
The 10 most frequent NOUN
types: θεοῦ, θεὸς, κυρίου, λόγον, θεῷ, κύριος, πόλιν, γῆς, ἀνθρώπων, ἡμέρας
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: κύριος (NOUN 662, ADJ 4), Πέρσης (NOUN 267, PROPN 1), δοῦλος (NOUN 134, ADJ 3), Ἴων (NOUN 105, PROPN 1), Λυδός (NOUN 89, PROPN 2), δικαιοσύνη (NOUN 85, ADJ 1), Μῆδος (NOUN 73, ADJ 1), Σκύθης (NOUN 44, PROPN 4), θύρα (NOUN 44, VERB 1), φίλος (NOUN 44, ADJ 7)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: νέας (NOUN 69, ADJ 2), χάριν (NOUN 39, ADP 7), ὥρα (NOUN 30, VERB 7), δικαιοσύνης (NOUN 29, ADJ 1), ἀρχήν (NOUN 20, ADV 1), βαρβάρων (NOUN 19, ADJ 1), δόξῃ (NOUN 19, VERB 2), ἡμέρης (NOUN 18, ADJ 1), Πέρσην (NOUN 16, PROPN 1), ἱρὸν (NOUN 15, ADJ 3)
- νέας
- NOUN 69: τὸ μὲν πρὸς τὴν ἠῶ εἶχον κέρας αὐτοὶ Μιλήσιοι νέας παρεχόμενοι ὀγδώκοντα
- ADJ 2: πρεσβύτιδας ὡσαύτως ἐν καταστήματι ἱεροπρεπεῖς μὴ διαβόλους μὴ οἴνῳ πολλῷ δεδουλωμένας καλοδιδασκάλους ἵνα σωφρονίζωσιν τὰς νέας φιλάνδρους εἶναι φιλοτέκνους σώφρονας ἁγνάς οἰκουργούς ἀγαθάς ὑποτασσομένας τοῖς ἰδίοις ἀνδράσιν ἵνα μὴ ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ βλασφημῆται
- χάριν
- ὥρα
- δικαιοσύνης
- ἀρχήν
- βαρβάρων
- δόξῃ
- ἡμέρης
- Πέρσην
- ἱρὸν
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of NOUN
is 2.522408 (the average of all parts of speech is 3.387371).
The 1st highest number of forms (25) was observed with the lemma “ἀδελφός”: ἀδελφέ, ἀδελφεοί, ἀδελφεούς, ἀδελφεοὶ, ἀδελφεοὺς, ἀδελφεοῖσι, ἀδελφεοῦ, ἀδελφεόν, ἀδελφεός, ἀδελφεὸν, ἀδελφεὸς, ἀδελφεῶν, ἀδελφεῷ, ἀδελφοί, ἀδελφούς, ἀδελφοὶ, ἀδελφοὺς, ἀδελφοῖς, ἀδελφοῦ, ἀδελφόν, ἀδελφός, ἀδελφὸν, ἀδελφὸς, ἀδελφῶν, ἀδελφῷ.
The 2nd highest number of forms (18) was observed with the lemma “γυνή”: γυνή, γυναικί, γυναικός, γυναικὶ, γυναικὸς, γυναικῶν, γυναιξί, γυναιξίν, γυναιξὶ, γυναιξὶν, γυναῖκά, γυναῖκάς, γυναῖκές, γυναῖκα, γυναῖκας, γυναῖκες, γυνὴ, γύναι.
The 3rd highest number of forms (16) was observed with the lemma “βασιλεύς”: βασιλέα, βασιλέας, βασιλέες, βασιλέι, βασιλέος, βασιλέων, βασιλέως, βασιλέϊ, βασιλεύς, βασιλεὺς, βασιλεῖ, βασιλεῖς, βασιλεῦ, βασιλεῦσι, βασιλεῦσιν, βασιλῆ.
NOUN
occurs with 3 features: grc-feat/Case (33137; 100% instances), grc-feat/Number (33137; 100% instances), grc-feat/Gender (33136; 100% instances)
NOUN
occurs with 12 feature-value pairs: Case=Acc
, Case=Dat
, Case=Gen
, Case=Nom
, Case=Voc
, Gender=Fem
, Gender=Fem,Masc
, Gender=Masc
, Gender=Masc,Neut
, Gender=Neut
, Number=Plur
, Number=Sing
NOUN
occurs with 41 feature combinations.
The most frequent feature combination is Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing
(3684 tokens).
Examples: πόλιν, γῆν, θάλασσαν, γυναῖκα, βασιλείαν, ὁδὸν, ἐξουσίαν, ἡμέραν, δόξαν, πίστιν
Relations
NOUN
nodes are attached to their parents using 19 different relations: grc-dep/obl (7631; 23% instances), grc-dep/obj:dir (6193; 19% instances), grc-dep/nsubj (5202; 16% instances), grc-dep/nmod (4626; 14% instances), grc-dep/conj (2990; 9% instances), grc-dep/iobj (1871; 6% instances), grc-dep/appos (1158; 3% instances), grc-dep/nsubj:pass (895; 3% instances), grc-dep/root (748; 2% instances), grc-dep/vocative (539; 2% instances), grc-dep/xcomp (538; 2% instances), grc-dep/orphan (188; 1% instances), grc-dep/advcl (185; 1% instances), grc-dep/obl:agent (181; 1% instances), grc-dep/ccomp (132; 0% instances), grc-dep/advmod (95; 0% instances), grc-dep/parataxis (20; 0% instances), grc-dep/csubj:pass (6; 0% instances), grc-dep/dep (1; 0% instances)
Parents of NOUN
nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: VERB (21083; 64% instances), NOUN (6956; 21% instances), ADJ (1780; 5% instances), PROPN (901; 3% instances), ROOT (748; 2% instances), ADV (620; 2% instances), PRON (400; 1% instances), AUX (354; 1% instances), NUM (139; 0% instances), ADP (96; 0% instances), CCONJ (49; 0% instances), INTJ (28; 0% instances), DET (25; 0% instances), SCONJ (19; 0% instances), X (1; 0% instances)
5863 (18%) NOUN
nodes are leaves.
11599 (35%) NOUN
nodes have one child.
9592 (29%) NOUN
nodes have two children.
6145 (19%) NOUN
nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a NOUN
node is 29.
Children of NOUN
nodes are attached using 25 different relations: grc-dep/det (22952; 43% instances), grc-dep/case (7976; 15% instances), grc-dep/nmod (6259; 12% instances), grc-dep/cc (2999; 6% instances), grc-dep/amod (2956; 6% instances), grc-dep/conj (2796; 5% instances), grc-dep/acl (1618; 3% instances), grc-dep/cop (978; 2% instances), grc-dep/appos (928; 2% instances), grc-dep/nummod (849; 2% instances), grc-dep/nsubj (778; 1% instances), grc-dep/advmod (674; 1% instances), grc-dep/discourse (674; 1% instances), grc-dep/orphan (297; 1% instances), grc-dep/obl (195; 0% instances), grc-dep/mark (191; 0% instances), grc-dep/advcl (148; 0% instances), grc-dep/ccomp (126; 0% instances), grc-dep/iobj (80; 0% instances), grc-dep/vocative (51; 0% instances), grc-dep/obj:dir (14; 0% instances), grc-dep/parataxis (10; 0% instances), grc-dep/fixed (3; 0% instances), grc-dep/dep (2; 0% instances), grc-dep/xcomp (1; 0% instances)
Children of NOUN
nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: DET (19839; 37% instances), ADP (7984; 15% instances), NOUN (6956; 13% instances), ADJ (4462; 8% instances), PRON (3685; 7% instances), CCONJ (3009; 6% instances), VERB (2505; 5% instances), PROPN (1640; 3% instances), ADV (1272; 2% instances), AUX (1010; 2% instances), NUM (892; 2% instances), SCONJ (194; 0% instances), INTJ (105; 0% instances), X (2; 0% instances)
NOUN in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]