mark: marker
A marker is the word introducing a clause subordinate to another clause. For a complement clause, this will typically be that or whether. For an adverbial clause, the marker is typically a preposition like before or a subordinating conjunction fulfilling a similar role like while or although. The mark is a dependent of the subordinate clause head.
Forces engaged in fighting after insurgents attacked
mark(attacked, after)
He says that you like to swim
mark(swim, that)
The infinitive marker to is analyzed as a mark.
I tried to finish it
mark(finish, to)
When a a noun or a verb takes a prepositionally marked non-core argument (modifier) and that modifier is a clause, then we also label that prepositon as mark (as it would not seem reasonable to call it case when it is marking a clause). The result will commonly be a doubly marked clause.
We have no useful information on whether users are at risk .
nsubj(have, We)
neg(information, no)
amod(information, useful)
dobj(have, information)
mark(risk, on)
mark(risk, whether)
nsubj(risk, users)
cop(risk, are)
case(risk, at)
acl(information, risk)
punct(have, .)
Treebank Statistics (UD_English)
This relation is universal.
8261 nodes (4%) are attached to their parents as mark.
8257 instances of mark (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.48045030867934.
The following 54 pairs of parts of speech are connected with mark: en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PART (3430; 42% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/SCONJ (3275; 40% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADV (350; 4% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/SCONJ (349; 4% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/SCONJ (290; 4% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/PART (88; 1% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/PART (75; 1% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADP (67; 1% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/SCONJ (59; 1% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/SCONJ (34; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADV (33; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/SCONJ (30; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/SCONJ (25; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADV (15; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/DET (11; 0% instances), en-pos/PART-en-pos/SCONJ (11; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADP (9; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/VERB (9; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADP (7; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/ADV (7; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/DET (7; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/PART (7; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/SCONJ (6; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADJ (6; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADV (5; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/SCONJ (4; 0% instances), en-pos/INTJ-en-pos/SCONJ (4; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/ADP (3; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), en-pos/PART-en-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADP (3; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/CCONJ (3; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/DET (3; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/ADV (2; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/ADV (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), en-pos/SYM-en-pos/SCONJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/ADP-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/ADP-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PUNCT-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/SYM-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/AUX (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 12 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12 fgColor:white
# visual-style 13 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 13 fgColor:white
# visual-style 13 12 mark color:blue
1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 mark _ _
2 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _
3 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 advcl _ _
4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _
5 cartoon cartoon NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _
6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _
7 their they PRON PRP$ Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _
8 prophet prophet NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _
10 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _
11 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _
13 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No
14 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 5 mark color:blue
1 Now now ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _
3 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _
4 wonder wonder VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
5 if if SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _
6 Google Google PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _
7 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _
8 even even ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _
9 survive survive VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 ccomp _ _
10 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 1 mark color:blue
1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 mark _ _
2 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _
3 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 advcl _ _
4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _
5 cartoon cartoon NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _
6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _
7 their they PRON PRP$ Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _
8 prophet prophet NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _
10 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _
11 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _
13 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No
14 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ESL)
This relation is universal.
4593 nodes (5%) are attached to their parents as mark.
4588 instances of mark (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.27846723274548.
The following 34 pairs of parts of speech are connected with mark: en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PART (2083; 45% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/SCONJ (1710; 37% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/SCONJ (321; 7% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/SCONJ (156; 3% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADV (122; 3% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/PART (33; 1% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/PART (33; 1% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADP (30; 1% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADV (15; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/SCONJ (15; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/SCONJ (14; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/SCONJ (9; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/SCONJ (8; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADV (8; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/SCONJ (7; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADV (3; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/DET (2; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/ADV (2; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/SCONJ-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), en-pos/X-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 6 mark color:blue
1 _ _ PRON EX _ 2 expl _ _
2 _ _ VERB VBZ _ 0 root _ _
3 _ _ DET DT _ 5 det _ _
4 _ _ ADJ JJ _ 5 amod _ _
5 _ _ NOUN NN _ 2 nsubj _ _
6 _ _ PART TO _ 7 mark _ _
7 _ _ VERB VB _ 5 acl _ _
8 _ _ ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _
9 _ _ SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _
10 _ _ DET DT _ 11 det _ _
11 _ _ NOUN NNS _ 12 nsubj _ _
12 _ _ VERB VBP _ 2 advcl _ _
13 _ _ PART RB _ 12 neg _ _
14 _ _ VERB VB _ 12 xcomp _ _
15 _ _ PRON NN _ 14 dobj _ _
16 _ _ PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 12 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12 fgColor:white
# visual-style 12 9 mark color:blue
1 _ _ PRON EX _ 2 expl _ _
2 _ _ VERB VBZ _ 0 root _ _
3 _ _ DET DT _ 5 det _ _
4 _ _ ADJ JJ _ 5 amod _ _
5 _ _ NOUN NN _ 2 nsubj _ _
6 _ _ PART TO _ 7 mark _ _
7 _ _ VERB VB _ 5 acl _ _
8 _ _ ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _
9 _ _ SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _
10 _ _ DET DT _ 11 det _ _
11 _ _ NOUN NNS _ 12 nsubj _ _
12 _ _ VERB VBP _ 2 advcl _ _
13 _ _ PART RB _ 12 neg _ _
14 _ _ VERB VB _ 12 xcomp _ _
15 _ _ PRON NN _ 14 dobj _ _
16 _ _ PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 6 mark color:blue
1 _ _ CONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _
2 _ _ PRON PRP _ 3 nsubj _ _
3 _ _ NOUN NN _ 0 root _ _
4 _ _ PRON DT _ 3 dobj _ _
5 _ _ PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _
6 _ _ SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _
7 _ _ PRON PRP _ 9 expl _ _
8 _ _ VERB VBZ _ 9 cop _ _
9 _ _ ADJ JJR _ 3 advcl _ _
10 _ _ PRON NN _ 11 dobj _ _
11 _ _ VERB VBG _ 9 csubj _ _
12 _ _ SCONJ IN _ 13 mark _ _
13 _ _ VERB VBG _ 9 advcl _ _
14 _ _ NOUN NNS _ 13 dobj _ _
15 _ _ ADP IN _ 16 case _ _
16 _ _ PRON NN _ 13 nmod _ _
17 _ _ PRON WDT _ 18 nsubj _ _
18 _ _ VERB VB _ 16 acl:relcl _ _
19 _ _ PRON PRP _ 18 dobj _ _
20 _ _ VERB VB _ 18 xcomp _ _
21 _ _ PRON NN _ 20 dobj _ _
22 _ _ PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_English-LinES)
This relation is universal.
2200 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as mark.
2196 instances of mark (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.52454545454545.
The following 44 pairs of parts of speech are connected with mark: en-pos/VERB-en-pos/SCONJ (921; 42% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PART (873; 40% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/SCONJ (88; 4% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/SCONJ (65; 3% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/SCONJ (59; 3% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PRON (21; 1% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/PART (18; 1% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/PART (18; 1% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADP (18; 1% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADV (15; 1% instances), en-pos/SCONJ-en-pos/ADV (14; 1% instances), en-pos/SCONJ-en-pos/SCONJ (14; 1% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/SCONJ (7; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/SCONJ (6; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/SCONJ (6; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/ADP (5; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/PRON (5; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/PART (4; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/SCONJ (4; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/CCONJ (4; 0% instances), en-pos/PART-en-pos/SCONJ (3; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/NOUN (3; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/NOUN (2; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/PRON (2; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/ADV (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/CCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/ADP-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/ADP-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), en-pos/AUX-en-pos/CCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/CCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PART-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PUNCT-en-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), en-pos/SYM-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 3 mark color:blue
1 Identifying _ VERB ING _ 0 root _ _
2 filters _ NOUN PL-NOM _ 1 obj _ _
3 that _ SCONJ REL _ 4 mark _ _
4 are _ VERB PRES _ 2 acl:relcl _ _
5 currently _ ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ _
6 in _ ADP _ _ 7 case _ _
7 effect _ NOUN SG-NOM _ 4 obl _ _
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 5 mark color:blue
1 Click _ VERB IMP _ 0 root _ _
2 the _ DET DEF _ 4 det _ _
3 blue _ ADJ POS _ 4 amod _ _
4 arrow _ NOUN SG-NOM _ 1 obj _ _
5 to _ PART _ _ 6 mark _ _
6 see _ VERB INF _ 4 acl _ _
7 the _ DET DEF _ 8 det _ _
8 filter _ NOUN SG-NOM _ 6 obj _ _
9 that _ SCONJ REL _ 10 mark _ _
10 is _ VERB PRES _ 8 acl:relcl _ _
11 in _ ADP _ _ 12 case _ _
12 effect _ NOUN SG-NOM _ 10 obl _ SpaceAfter=No
13 . _ PUNCT Period _ 1 punct _ _
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 1 mark color:blue
1 If _ SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ _
2 that _ PRON DEM-SG _ 4 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No
3 's _ AUX PRES _ 4 cop _ _
4 true _ ADJ POS _ 8 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No
5 , _ PUNCT Comma _ 3 punct _ _
6 then _ ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ _
7 there _ PRON EX _ 8 expl _ SpaceAfter=No
8 's _ VERB PRES _ 0 root _ _
9 no _ DET NEG _ 10 advmod _ _
10 hope _ NOUN SG-NOM _ 8 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No
11 . _ PUNCT Period _ 8 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ParTUT)
This relation is universal.
1198 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as mark.
1197 instances of mark (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 3.0559265442404.
The following 17 pairs of parts of speech are connected with mark: en-pos/VERB-en-pos/PART (492; 41% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/SCONJ (407; 34% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADP (150; 13% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/SCONJ (54; 5% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/SCONJ (50; 4% instances), en-pos/VERB-en-pos/ADV (11; 1% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/PART (10; 1% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/PART (7; 1% instances), en-pos/ADJ-en-pos/ADP (4; 0% instances), en-pos/ADV-en-pos/SCONJ (4; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), en-pos/NUM-en-pos/SCONJ (2; 0% instances), en-pos/DET-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/INTJ-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), en-pos/NOUN-en-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PRON-en-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), en-pos/PROPN-en-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 1 mark color:blue
1 to to PART PART _ 2 mark _ _
2 create create VERB V VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _
3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _
4 reproduce reproduce VERB V VerbForm=Inf 2 conj _ _
5 Derivative derivative ADJ A Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _
6 Works work NOUN S Number=Plur 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No
7 ; ; PUNCT FC _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 6 mark color:blue
1 the the DET RD Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _
2 title title NOUN S Number=Sing 0 root _ _
3 of of ADP E _ 5 case _ _
4 the the DET RD Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _
5 Work work NOUN S Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _
6 if if SCONJ CS _ 7 mark _ _
7 supplied supply VERB V Mood=Ind|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 acl _ SpaceAfter=No
8 ; ; PUNCT FC _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8 fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 7 mark color:blue
1 I I PRON PE Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _
2 think think NOUN S Number=Sing 0 root _ _
3 we we PRON PE Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _
4 should shall AUX VM Mood=Ind|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _
5 be be AUX VA VerbForm=Inf 6 cop _ _
6 capable capable ADJ A Degree=Pos 2 ccomp _ _
7 of of ADP E _ 8 mark _ _
8 saying say VERB V VerbForm=Ger 6 advcl _ _
9 this this PRON PD Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 8 obj _ _
10 loud loud ADJ A Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _
11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _
12 clear clear ADJ A Degree=Pos 10 conj _ SpaceAfter=No
13 . . PUNCT FS _ 2 punct _ _
mark in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]