xcomp: open clausal complement
An open clausal complement (xcomp) of a verb or an adjective is a
predicative or clausal complement without its own subject. The
reference of the subject is necessarily determined by an argument
external to the xcomp (normally by the subject of the next higher
clause). This is often referred to as obligatory control.
These complements are always non-finite, and they are
complements (arguments of the higher verb or adjective) rather than
adjuncts/modifiers, such as a purpose clause. The name xcomp is
borrowed from Lexical-Functional Grammar.
Nechceš si zaplavat ? \n Don't-you-want yourself to-swim ?
xcomp(Nechceš, zaplavat)
xcomp(Don't-you-want, to-swim)
Začal jsem tam pracovat včera . \n Started I-have there to-work yesterday .
xcomp(Začal, pracovat)
xcomp(Started, to-work)
Note that the above condition “without its own subject” does not mean that a
clause is an xcomp just because its subject is not overt.
The subject must be necessarily inherited from a fixed position in the higher clause.
That is, there should be no available interpretation where the subject of the lower clause may be distinct
from the specified role of the upper clause.
In cases where the missing subject may or must be distinct from a fixed role in the higher clause,
ccomp should be used instead, as below. This includes cases of arbitrary subjects and anaphoric control.
Šéf nařídil vykopat příkop . \n Boss ordered to-dig ditch .
ccomp(nařídil, vykopat)
ccomp(ordered, to-dig)
Pro-drop languages have clauses where the subject is not present as a separate word,
yet it is inherently present (and often deducible from the form of the verb)
and it does not depend on arguments from a higher clause.
Thus in neither of the following two Czech examples is there any overt subject,
yet only the second example contains an xcomp.
Píšu , protože jsem to slíbil . \n I-write , because I-have it promised .
advcl(Píšu, slíbil)
advcl(I-write, promised)
Slíbil jsem psát . \n Promised I-have to-write .
xcomp(Slíbil, psát)
xcomp(Promised, to-write)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech)
This relation is universal.
16263 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as xcomp.
15012 instances of xcomp (92%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.51700178318883.
The following 57 pairs of parts of speech are connected with xcomp: cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/VERB (11686; 72% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADJ (772; 5% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/VERB (629; 4% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NOUN (616; 4% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NOUN (602; 4% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADJ (346; 2% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/DET (262; 2% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/DET (234; 1% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/NOUN (160; 1% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/NOUN (119; 1% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/NOUN (94; 1% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/ADJ (90; 1% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/ADJ (90; 1% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/DET (73; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/DET (66; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NOUN (50; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/DET (48; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/ADJ (45; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NUM (27; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NUM (27; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/VERB (25; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/DET (21; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/VERB (18; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/ADJ (15; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PRON (15; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/PROPN (13; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/ADJ (12; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/NOUN (12; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/PRON (9; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/PRON (9; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/NUM (8; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/VERB (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/PROPN (6; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADV (6; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PROPN (6; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/NUM (5; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/VERB (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADV (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/ADV (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/VERB (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NUM (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/PROPN (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/DET (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 3 xcomp color:blue
1 Potřebujete potřebovat VERB VB-P---2P-AA--- Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
2 rychle rychle ADV Dg-------1A---- Degree=Pos|Polarity=Pos 3 advmod _ LDeriv=rychlý
3 poradit poradit VERB Vf--------A---- Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 1 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No
4 ? ? PUNCT Z:------------- _ 1 punct _ _
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 9 xcomp color:blue
1 Ceny cena NOUN NNFP1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 6 nsubj _ LId=cena-1|LGloss=(v_penězích,_naturální,_nevyčíslitelná,...)
2 centrálně centrálně ADV Dg-------1A---- Degree=Pos|Polarity=Pos 3 advmod _ LDeriv=centrální
3 vyráběného vyráběný ADJ AANS2----1A---- Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 4 amod _ LDeriv=vyrábět
4 tepla teplo NOUN NNNS2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 1 nmod _ LId=teplo-1
5 by být AUX Vc------------- Mood=Cnd|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _
6 mohly moci VERB VpTP---XR-AA--- Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 0 root _ LGloss=(mít_možnost_[něco_dělat])
7 být být AUX Vf--------A---- Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 9 cop _ _
8 i i CCONJ J^------------- _ 9 advmod:emph _ LId=i-1
9 nižší nízký ADJ AAFP1----2A---- Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 6 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No
10 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 6 punct _ _
# visual-style 10 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 10 fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 10 xcomp color:blue
1 Zajímalo zajímat VERB VpNS---XR-AA--- Aspect=Imp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
2 by být AUX Vc------------- Mood=Cnd|VerbForm=Fin 1 aux _ _
3 mne já PRON PP-S4--1------- Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 1 obj _ SpaceAfter=No|LGloss=(2./4.pád)
4 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 7 punct _ _
5 jestli jestli SCONJ J,------------- _ 7 mark _ _
6 jsem být AUX VB-S---1P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 7 cop _ _
7 povinen povinný ADJ ACYS------A---- Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|Variant=Short 1 csubj _ _
8 tyto tento DET PDFP4---------- Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 9 det _ _
9 informace informace NOUN NNFP4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 10 obj _ _
10 poskytovat poskytovat VERB Vf--------A---- Aspect=Imp|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 7 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 1 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CAC)
This relation is universal.
5346 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as xcomp.
4970 instances of xcomp (93%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.63823419378975.
The following 53 pairs of parts of speech are connected with xcomp: cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/VERB (3379; 63% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NOUN (502; 9% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADJ (302; 6% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NOUN (208; 4% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/VERB (189; 4% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADJ (116; 2% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/DET (116; 2% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/DET (106; 2% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/NOUN (44; 1% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/NOUN (41; 1% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/NOUN (36; 1% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NOUN (34; 1% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/PRON (28; 1% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/DET (19; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/ADJ (19; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/DET (18; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/DET (15; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/ADJ (15; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/PRON (14; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/VERB (14; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NUM (13; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/VERB (11; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/PRON (11; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/ADJ (9; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/DET (8; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/VERB (8; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/ADJ (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/PROPN (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NUM (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/VERB (5; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADV (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/NOUN (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/ADV (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADV (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PRON (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/SYM (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/AUX-cs-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/NUM (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/SYM (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8 fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 9 xcomp color:blue
1 Protože protože SCONJ J,------------- _ 8 mark _ _
2 bez bez ADP RR--2---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Gen 3 case _ LId=bez-1
3 železnice železnice NOUN NNFS2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 8 obl _ _
4 bychom být AUX Vc-P---1------- Mood=Cnd|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _
5 si se PRON P7-X3---------- Case=Dat|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Variant=Short 9 expl:pv _ LGloss=(zvr._zájmeno/částice)
6 život život NOUN NNIS4-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 9 obj _ _
7 vůbec vůbec ADV Db------------- _ 8 advmod _ _
8 nedovedli dovést VERB VpMP---XR-NA--- Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
9 představit představit VERB Vf--------A---- Aspect=Perf|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 8 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No|LGloss=(si_něco;_něco/někoho_někomu)
10 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 8 punct _ _
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 7 6 xcomp color:blue
1 Bylo být AUX VpNS---XR-AA--- Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 2 aux:pass _ _
2 rozhodnuto rozhodnutý ADJ VsNS---XX-AP--- Aspect=Perf|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|Variant=Short|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _
3 zahájit zahájit VERB Vf--------A---- Aspect=Perf|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 2 csubj:pass _ _
4 jako jako SCONJ J,------------- _ 6 aux _ _
5 další další ADJ AAFS4----1A---- Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 6 amod _ _
6 akci akce NOUN NNFS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 7 xcomp _ _
7 výstavbu výstavba NOUN NNFS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 3 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
8 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 7 xcomp color:blue
1 Konečně konečně ADV Dg-------1A---- Degree=Pos|Polarity=Pos 5 advmod _ LDeriv=konečný
2 všechny všechno PRON PLIP1---------- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Tot 3 nmod _ _
3 druhy druh NOUN NNIP1-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 5 nsubj _ LId=druh-1|LGloss=(typ)
4 pleti pleť NOUN NNFS2-----A---1 Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 3 nmod _ _
5 mohou moci VERB VB-P---3P-AA--1 Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ LGloss=(mít_možnost_[něco_dělat])
6 být být AUX Vf--------A---- Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 7 cop _ _
7 dráždivé dráždivý ADJ AAIP1----1A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 5 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No
8 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 5 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CLTT)
This relation is universal.
177 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as xcomp.
175 instances of xcomp (99%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 4.
The following 12 pairs of parts of speech are connected with xcomp: cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/VERB (73; 41% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/VERB (47; 27% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/NOUN (21; 12% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/NOUN (7; 4% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADJ (6; 3% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADJ (6; 3% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NOUN (6; 3% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/VERB (3; 2% instances), cs-pos/X-cs-pos/VERB (3; 2% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NOUN (2; 1% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PRON (2; 1% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/VERB (1; 1% instances).
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 4 xcomp color:blue
1 (4) (4) PUNCT Z:------------- _ 3 punct _ _
2 Rezervy rezerva NOUN NNFP1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 3 nsubj _ _
3 nesmějí smět VERB VB-P---3P-NA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
4 mít mít VERB Vf--------A---- Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _
5 aktivní aktivní ADJ AAIS4----1A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 6 amod _ _
6 zůstatek zůstatek NOUN NNIS4-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 4 obj _ SpaceAfter=No
7 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 3 punct _ _
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 6 xcomp color:blue
1 (13) (13) PUNCT Z:------------- _ 5 punct _ _
2 Účetní účetní ADJ AAFP1----1A---- Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 3 amod _ LId=účetní-1
3 jednotky jednotka NOUN NNFP1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 5 nsubj _ _
4 jsou být AUX VB-P---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 5 cop _ _
5 povinny povinný ADJ ACTP------A---- Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|Variant=Short 0 root _ _
6 vést vést VERB Vf--------A---- Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ LId=vést-1
7 účetnictví účetnictví NOUN NNNS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 6 obj _ _
8 v v ADP RR--6---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc 10 case _ LId=v-1
9 českém český ADJ AAIS6----1A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 10 amod _ _
10 jazyce jazyk NOUN NNIS6-----A---1 Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 6 obl _ SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 5 punct _ _
# visual-style 13 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 13 fgColor:white
# visual-style 11 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 11 fgColor:white
# visual-style 11 13 xcomp color:blue
1 (9) (9) PUNCT Z:------------- _ 5 punct _ _
2 Účetní účetní ADJ AAFP1----1A---- Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 3 amod _ LId=účetní-1
3 jednotky jednotka NOUN NNFP1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 5 nsubj _ _
4 jsou být AUX VB-P---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 5 cop _ _
5 povinny povinný ADJ ACTP------A---- Animacy=Inan|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|Variant=Short 0 root _ _
6 vést vést VERB Vf--------A---- Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ LId=vést-1
7 jedno jeden NUM ClNS4---------- Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Card|NumValue=1,2,3 8 nummod _ _
8 účetnictví účetnictví NOUN NNNS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 6 obj _ _
9 za za ADP RR--4---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Acc 11 case _ LId=za-1
10 účetní účetní ADJ AAFS4----1A---- Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 11 amod _ LId=účetní-1
11 jednotku jednotka NOUN NNFS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 6 obl _ _
12 jako jako SCONJ J,------------- _ 13 mark _ _
13 celek celek NOUN NNIS4-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 11 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No
14 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 5 punct _ _
xcomp in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]