nmod: nominal modifier
A nominal modifier. This is the label given to prepositional objects and other types of nominal dependents which are non-core arguments and not verbal modifiers (i.e. neither subject nor object nor oblique). Note that in keeping with Universal Dependencies for other languages, the nmod noun attaches directly to the lexeme it modifies (usually a noun), while the preposition is seen as a case dependent of the modifying noun.
ⲡ/DET ⲣⲏ/NOUN ϩⲛ/ADP ⲧ/DET ⲡⲉ/NOUN \n the sun in the sky
det(ⲣⲏ, ⲡ)
nmod(ⲣⲏ, ⲡⲉ)
case(ⲡⲉ, ϩⲛ)
det(ⲡⲉ, ⲧ)
Note that prepositional arguments of verbs are marked as obl, not nmod, including prepositional objects of verbs of perception:
ⲁⲣ/PRON ⲥⲱⲧⲙ/VERB ⲉⲣⲟ/ADP ⲓ/PRON \n You have heard me
nsubj(ⲥⲱⲧⲙ, ⲁⲣ)
obl(ⲥⲱⲧⲙ, ⲓ)
case(ⲉⲣⲟ, ⲓ)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Coptic)
This relation is universal.
289 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as nmod.
286 instances of nmod (99%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.88235294117647.
The following 16 pairs of parts of speech are connected with nmod: cop-pos/NOUN-cop-pos/NOUN (198; 69% instances), cop-pos/NOUN-cop-pos/PROPN (21; 7% instances), cop-pos/NOUN-cop-pos/PRON (19; 7% instances), cop-pos/PRON-cop-pos/NOUN (11; 4% instances), cop-pos/DET-cop-pos/NOUN (9; 3% instances), cop-pos/NOUN-cop-pos/DET (9; 3% instances), cop-pos/NUM-cop-pos/NOUN (7; 2% instances), cop-pos/NOUN-cop-pos/VERB (4; 1% instances), cop-pos/PRON-cop-pos/DET (3; 1% instances), cop-pos/ADV-cop-pos/NOUN (2; 1% instances), cop-pos/ADV-cop-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), cop-pos/DET-cop-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), cop-pos/DET-cop-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), cop-pos/NOUN-cop-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), cop-pos/NUM-cop-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), cop-pos/PROPN-cop-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances).
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1 ⲧⲱⲙ ⲧⲱⲙ VERB V _ 0 root _ _
2 ϭⲉ ϭⲉ PART PTC _ 1 advmod _ _
3 ⲉⲣⲛ ⲉⲣⲛ ADP PREP _ 4 case _ _
4 ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ NOUN N _ 1 obl _ _
5 ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲓⲙ PRON PINT _ 4 det _ _
6 · · PUNCT PUNCT _ 1 punct _ _
7 ⲙⲛ ⲙⲛ ADP PREP _ 8 cc _ _
8 ϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛⲥ ϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛⲥ NOUN N _ 4 conj _ _
9 ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲓⲙ PRON PINT _ 8 det _ _
10 ϩⲙ ϩⲛ ADP PREP _ 11 case _ _
11 ⲙⲁ ⲙⲁ NOUN N _ 8 nmod _ _
12 ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲓⲙ PRON PINT _ 11 det _ _
13 · · PUNCT PUNCT _ 1 punct _ _
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1 ⲧ ⲡ DET ART _ 2 det _ _
2 ⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲁⲣⲭⲏ NOUN N _ 0 root _ _
3 ⲙ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 5 case _ _
4 ⲡ ⲡ DET ART _ 5 det _ _
5 ⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ NOUN N _ 2 nmod _ _
6 ⲛ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 7 case _ _
7 ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ PROPN NPROP _ 5 nmod _ _
8 ⲡⲉ ⲡ DET ART _ 9 det _ _
9 ⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ NOUN N _ 7 appos _ _
10 [ [ PUNCT PUNCT _ 2 punct _ _
11 ⲡ ⲡ DET ART _ 12 det _ _
12 ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲣⲉ NOUN N _ 7 appos _ _
13 ⲙ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 15 case _ _
14 ⲡ ⲡ DET ART _ 15 det _ _
15 ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ NOUN N _ 12 nmod _ _
16 ] ] PUNCT PUNCT _ 2 punct _ _
17 . . PUNCT PUNCT _ 2 punct _ _
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1 ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ADV ADV _ 4 advmod _ _
2 ϫⲉ ϫⲉ CCONJ CONJ _ 4 mark _ _
3 ⲥⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ PRON PPERS _ 4 nsubj _ _
4 ϫⲱ ϫⲱ VERB V _ 0 root _ _
5 ⲙⲙⲟ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 6 case _ _
6 ⲥ ⲛⲧⲟⲥ PRON PPERO _ 4 obj _ _
7 ϫⲉ ϫⲉ CCONJ CONJ _ 9 mark _ _
8 ⲟⲩ ⲟⲩ DET ART _ 9 det _ _
9 ⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ NOUN N _ 4 ccomp _ _
10 ⲛ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 11 case _ _
11 ⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲧⲟⲛ ⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲧⲟⲛ NOUN N _ 9 nmod _ _
12 ⲛⲙⲙⲁ ⲙⲛ ADP PREP _ 13 case _ _
13 ϥ ⲛⲧⲟϥ PRON PPERO _ 9 nmod _ _
14 . . PUNCT PUNCT _ 4 punct _ _
nmod in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]