home en/pos edit page issue tracker

PART: particle

The following English words (only) are currently being treated as PART in English:

• Possessive marker: ’s or ’ (and non-standard forms s, -s)
• Predicate negation: not, n’t, nt
• Infinitive marker: to (and non-standard forms ta, na, too, ot, 2, a)

(This is a slightly motley list and we may still want to rethink this category for English….)

This covers PTB tags POS and some (old PTB style) or all uses of TO, and the subset of RB that is negation.

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_English)

There are 13 PART lemmas (0%), 21 PART types (0%) and 6197 PART tokens (3%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of PART is: 17 in number of lemmas, 17 in number of types and 12 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PART lemmas: to, not, ‘s, s, ‘, na, ta, too, -s, 2

The 10 most frequent PART types: to, not, n’t, ‘s, s, nt, ‘, ’s, na, n’t

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: to (PART 3616, ADP 1999, SCONJ 73, ADV 8, NOUN 2, VERB 1), not (PART 1791, ADV 173, CCONJ 15), ’s (PART 644, PRON 14), s (PART 86, X 9, PRON 7, NOUN 3, PROPN 1), ’ (PUNCT 222, PART 36, NOUN 7, AUX 1), ta (PART 5, ADP 4), too (ADV 135, PART 2, ADP 1), 2 (NUM 139, X 30, PART 1, PROPN 1), `s (AUX 9, PART 1), a (DET 4781, NOUN 19, X 13, ADV 5, ADP 4, PART 1, CCONJ 1, AUX 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: to (PART 3572, ADP 1976, SCONJ 71, ADV 8, NOUN 2, VERB 1), not (PART 891, ADV 148, CCONJ 13), ’s (PART 614, AUX 343, VERB 53, PRON 14), s (AUX 87, PART 85, X 9, VERB 8, PRON 7, NOUN 2, PROPN 1), ’ (PUNCT 218, PART 33, NOUN 7), ’s (PART 29, AUX 11, VERB 3, PRON 1), ta (PART 5, ADP 3), ’ (PART 3, PUNCT 2), n (PART 2, NOUN 1, CCONJ 1), too (ADV 126, PART 2, ADP 1)

• to
  • PART 3572: When they saw a cartoon of their prophet , people had to die .
  • ADP 1976: To pander to the mythical “ Arab street “ , of course .
  • SCONJ 71: I look forward to seeing you all there .
  • ADV 8: And if you send me a story , that would be great to !
  • NOUN 2: Talked to the little mother - to - be .
  • VERB 1: My answer is that we do n’t to text speak here … we type in English .
• not
  • PART 891: This is not a filibuster .
  • ADV 148: The address is for Noida Location not for Gurgaon Location .
  • CCONJ 13: Oh , and salad cream , not mayonnaise , on the coleslaw .
• ’s
  • PART 614: I was thinking Kenneally ’s at around 5 .
  • AUX 343: That ’s overstating it , I know .
  • VERB 53: Read the entire article ; there ’s a punchline , too .
  • PRON 14: let ’s discuss next time we have amstel lights together .
• s
  • AUX 87: It s all interesting stuff .
  • PART 85: you guys want to watch the game at woodrow s tomorrow ?
  • X 9: The Settlement date shall be the date ( s ) set forth in the Product description on the Website .
  • VERB 8: That s how they were caught .
  • PRON 7: Let s get together soon .
  • NOUN 2: In clause ( e ) , delete the “ s “ : from the word consolidation .
  • PROPN 1: s
• ’
  • PUNCT 218: He did comment on what he meant by the phrase . ’
  • PART 33: Anne , please , include this info in Iris ’ file
  • NOUN 7: If you Do n’t want to grow out of it quickly get a 14 ’ 2 ..
• ’s
  • PART 29: Bush ’s National Guard years
  • AUX 11: That ’s fine .
  • VERB 3: And then there ’s the rain .
  • PRON 1: Let ’s get this over with now …
• ta
  • PART 5: Got ta go for now .
  • ADP 3: If this is the best that Tucson has to offer , I am out ta here …
• ’
  • PART 3: Before you fall for Dems ’ spin , here are the facts
  • PUNCT 2: The Irish weather works on the ‘ four seasons in a day ’ principle , which basic­ally means that you ca n’t predict a thing when it comes to the behaviour of the sky .
• n
  • PART 2: I du n no how they did it , but Scottish friends — this is THE REAL DEAL .
  • NOUN 1: it has 14 mega pixel camera … n 4 x wide optical zoom …
  • CCONJ 1: i want to be able to use it in my car , out n about etc … i guess like an iphone , but that s later on and , i know what they are so no suggestions on just goin out to buy one i m talking about right now just for an ipod ??.
• too
  • ADV 126: Read the entire article ; there ‘s a punchline , too .
  • PART 2: ( you can take breaks if you have too ) and repeat the steps after about 2 hours .
  • ADP 1: This is one of the best farms I have ever been too .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PART is 1.615385 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.181137).

The 1st highest number of forms (6) was observed with the lemma “not”: n, n’t, not, nt, n’t, t.

The 2nd highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “’”: ’, ’.

The 3rd highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “’s”: ’s, ’s.

PART does not occur with any features.

Relations

PART nodes are attached to their parents using 12 different relations: en-dep/mark (3616; 58% instances), en-dep/advmod (1756; 28% instances), en-dep/case (768; 12% instances), en-dep/conj (18; 0% instances), en-dep/xcomp (12; 0% instances), en-dep/advcl (9; 0% instances), en-dep/fixed (7; 0% instances), en-dep/parataxis (3; 0% instances), en-dep/root (3; 0% instances), en-dep/ccomp (2; 0% instances), en-dep/compound (2; 0% instances), en-dep/reparandum (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PART nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: VERB (4794; 77% instances), PROPN (519; 8% instances), NOUN (464; 7% instances), ADJ (293; 5% instances), ADV (64; 1% instances), PRON (29; 0% instances), AUX (13; 0% instances), DET (6; 0% instances), NUM (4; 0% instances), PART (3; 0% instances), ROOT (3; 0% instances), SCONJ (2; 0% instances), ADP (1; 0% instances), CCONJ (1; 0% instances), SYM (1; 0% instances)

6133 (99%) PART nodes are leaves.

47 (1%) PART nodes have one child.

10 (0%) PART nodes have two children.

7 (0%) PART nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PART node is 4.

Children of PART nodes are attached using 15 different relations: en-dep/punct (35; 39% instances), en-dep/cc (20; 22% instances), en-dep/mark (11; 12% instances), en-dep/advmod (10; 11% instances), en-dep/advcl (3; 3% instances), en-dep/conj (2; 2% instances), en-dep/_ (1; 1% instances), en-dep/amod (1; 1% instances), en-dep/ccomp (1; 1% instances), en-dep/csubj (1; 1% instances), en-dep/discourse (1; 1% instances), en-dep/flat (1; 1% instances), en-dep/nsubj (1; 1% instances), en-dep/orphan (1; 1% instances), en-dep/parataxis (1; 1% instances)

Children of PART nodes belong to 9 different parts of speech: PUNCT (35; 39% instances), CCONJ (20; 22% instances), ADV (12; 13% instances), SCONJ (11; 12% instances), VERB (7; 8% instances), ADJ (2; 2% instances), INTJ (1; 1% instances), NOUN (1; 1% instances), PROPN (1; 1% instances)

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ESL)

There are 1 PART lemmas (6%), 1 PART types (6%) and 3169 PART tokens (4%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of PART is: 10 in number of lemmas, 10 in number of types and 10 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PART lemmas: _

The 10 most frequent PART types: _

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: _ (NOUN 14135, VERB 13583, PRON 9575, DET 9068, PUNCT 8624, ADP 7769, ADJ 5278, ADV 5121, AUX 4111, PART 3169, CONJ 2865, SCONJ 2278, PROPN 1574, NUM 776, INTJ 67, X 60, SYM 37)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: _ (NOUN 14135, VERB 13583, PRON 9575, DET 9068, PUNCT 8624, ADP 7769, ADJ 5278, ADV 5121, AUX 4111, PART 3169, CONJ 2865, SCONJ 2278, PROPN 1574, NUM 776, INTJ 67, X 60, SYM 37)

• _
  • NOUN 14135: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • VERB 13583: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • PRON 9575: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • DET 9068: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • PUNCT 8624: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • ADP 7769: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • ADJ 5278: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • ADV 5121: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • AUX 4111: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • PART 3169: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • CONJ 2865: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • SCONJ 2278: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • PROPN 1574: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • NUM 776: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • INTJ 67: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • X 60: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • SYM 37: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PART is 1.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.000000).

The 1st highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “_”: _.

PART does not occur with any features.

Relations

PART nodes are attached to their parents using 11 different relations: en-dep/mark (2159; 68% instances), en-dep/neg (842; 27% instances), en-dep/case (140; 4% instances), en-dep/conj (7; 0% instances), en-dep/nmod (5; 0% instances), en-dep/mwe (4; 0% instances), en-dep/compound:prt (3; 0% instances), en-dep/nsubj (3; 0% instances), en-dep/xcomp (3; 0% instances), en-dep/advmod (2; 0% instances), en-dep/cc (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PART nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: VERB (2667; 84% instances), NOUN (214; 7% instances), ADJ (186; 6% instances), PROPN (43; 1% instances), ADV (29; 1% instances), PRON (16; 1% instances), AUX (5; 0% instances), SCONJ (3; 0% instances), DET (2; 0% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances), ADP (1; 0% instances), PART (1; 0% instances)

3164 (100%) PART nodes are leaves.

3 (0%) PART nodes have one child.

2 (0%) PART nodes have two children.

The highest child degree of a PART node is 2.

Children of PART nodes are attached using 6 different relations: en-dep/mwe (2; 29% instances), en-dep/aux (1; 14% instances), en-dep/cop (1; 14% instances), en-dep/dobj (1; 14% instances), en-dep/nsubj (1; 14% instances), en-dep/punct (1; 14% instances)

Children of PART nodes belong to 6 different parts of speech: VERB (2; 29% instances), AUX (1; 14% instances), DET (1; 14% instances), PART (1; 14% instances), PRON (1; 14% instances), PUNCT (1; 14% instances)

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_English-LinES)

There are 1 PART lemmas (6%), 7 PART types (0%) and 1703 PART tokens (3%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of PART is: 10 in number of lemmas, 16 in number of types and 12 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PART lemmas: _

The 10 most frequent PART types: to, not, ‘s, n’t, ‘, in, t’

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: _ (NOUN 12161, PUNCT 8085, VERB 8020, ADP 6788, DET 6429, PRON 6303, ADJ 4270, ADV 3700, AUX 3539, PROPN 2257, CCONJ 2081, PART 1703, SCONJ 1231, NUM 462, INTJ 122, X 41, SYM 5)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: to (PART 901, ADP 685), ’s (PART 234, AUX 107, VERB 35, PRON 1), n’t (PART 183, ADV 22), ’ (PUNCT 48, PART 21), in (ADP 910, ADV 34, PART 3, ADJ 1)

• to
  • PART 901: Filter settings are retained when you move fields to change the layout .
  • ADP 685: Some of the hyperlinks in this topic go to the Web .
• ’s
  • PART 234: Once again , however , Stillman ’s face told him nothing .
  • AUX 107: Yeah , he ’s smart . But he talks too much .
  • VERB 35: If that ‘s true , then there ’s no hope .
  • PRON 1: I got him from the new labour exchange – I thought , well , let ’s try it , so they send him along , five years ‘ experience , everything fine .
• n’t
  • PART 183: If you do n’t like it , why do you go on reading ?
  • ADV 22: If I were , said I , I would n’t be talking like this with you .
• ’
  • PUNCT 48: Ever any madness in your family ? ’ he asked , in a matter-of-fact tone .
  • PART 21: Give me my friends ’ letters !
• in
  • ADP 910: Some of the hyperlinks in this topic go to the Web .
  • ADV 34: Sends in as much ivory as all the others put together … .
  • PART 3: For electoral reasons and in order to appeal to the masses , the subject has been brought up again .
  • ADJ 1: What is most needed in this , as well as in other areas , is a serious in depth analysis of the problems .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PART is 7.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 527.705882).

The 1st highest number of forms (7) was observed with the lemma “_”: ’, ‘s, in, n’t, not, t’, to.

PART does not occur with any features.

Relations

PART nodes are attached to their parents using 7 different relations: en-dep/mark (919; 54% instances), en-dep/advmod (519; 30% instances), en-dep/case (255; 15% instances), en-dep/conj (5; 0% instances), en-dep/amod (2; 0% instances), en-dep/obj (2; 0% instances), en-dep/root (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PART nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: VERB (1238; 73% instances), NOUN (176; 10% instances), PROPN (152; 9% instances), ADJ (79; 5% instances), ADV (23; 1% instances), AUX (14; 1% instances), PRON (12; 1% instances), DET (2; 0% instances), SCONJ (2; 0% instances), ADP (1; 0% instances), CCONJ (1; 0% instances), NUM (1; 0% instances), PUNCT (1; 0% instances), ROOT (1; 0% instances)

1686 (99%) PART nodes are leaves.

9 (1%) PART nodes have one child.

8 (0%) PART nodes have two children.

The highest child degree of a PART node is 2.

Children of PART nodes are attached using 10 different relations: en-dep/cc (7; 28% instances), en-dep/fixed (6; 24% instances), en-dep/mark (4; 16% instances), en-dep/punct (2; 8% instances), en-dep/advcl (1; 4% instances), en-dep/advmod (1; 4% instances), en-dep/case (1; 4% instances), en-dep/conj (1; 4% instances), en-dep/nmod (1; 4% instances), en-dep/nsubj (1; 4% instances)

Children of PART nodes belong to 8 different parts of speech: CCONJ (7; 28% instances), ADP (5; 20% instances), NOUN (4; 16% instances), SCONJ (3; 12% instances), PUNCT (2; 8% instances), VERB (2; 8% instances), ADV (1; 4% instances), PRON (1; 4% instances)

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ParTUT)

There are 4 PART lemmas (0%), 4 PART types (0%) and 1012 PART tokens (3%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of PART is: 15 in number of lemmas, 15 in number of types and 12 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PART lemmas: to, ‘s, not, ‘

The 10 most frequent PART types: to, ‘s, not, ‘

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: to (PART 509, ADP 453, SCONJ 3), ’ (PART 33, PUNCT 12, X 10, ADP 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: to (PART 509, ADP 441, SCONJ 3), ’s (PART 291, AUX 11, VERB 3), ’ (PART 33, PUNCT 12, X 10)

• to
  • PART 509: to create and reproduce Derivative Works ;
  • ADP 441: According to its President , it is in a position to do so .
  • SCONJ 3: Balzac suffered from health problems throughout his life , possibly due to his intense writing schedule .
• ’s
  • PART 291: Please rise , then , for this minute ’s silence .
  • AUX 11: That ’s another story .
  • VERB 3: Here ’s a diagram of the PCB load of dolphins in Sarasota Bay .
• ’
  • PART 33: PRINCETON – How quickly emerging markets ’ fortunes have turned .
  • PUNCT 12: Rowe was the first biographer to record the tradition , repeated by Johnson , that Shakespeare retired to Stratford ’ some years before his death ’ .
  • X 10: China ‘s export - led growth miracle would not have started in the 1980 ’ s without the American consumer .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PART is 1.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.187751).

The 1st highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “’”: ’.

The 2nd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “’s”: ’s.

The 3rd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “not”: not.

PART occurs with 1 features: en-feat/Polarity (179; 18% instances)

PART occurs with 1 feature-value pairs: Polarity=Neg

PART occurs with 2 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is _ (833 tokens). Examples: to, ‘s, ‘

Relations

PART nodes are attached to their parents using 3 different relations: en-dep/mark (509; 50% instances), en-dep/case (324; 32% instances), en-dep/advmod (179; 18% instances)

Parents of PART nodes belong to 8 different parts of speech: VERB (589; 58% instances), PROPN (181; 18% instances), NOUN (176; 17% instances), ADJ (27; 3% instances), ADV (27; 3% instances), AUX (10; 1% instances), NUM (1; 0% instances), PRON (1; 0% instances)

1011 (100%) PART nodes are leaves.

1 (0%) PART nodes have one child.

The highest child degree of a PART node is 1.

Children of PART nodes are attached using 1 different relations: en-dep/punct (1; 100% instances)

Children of PART nodes belong to 1 different parts of speech: PUNCT (1; 100% instances)

---

PART in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]

© 2014 Universal Dependencies contributors. Site powered by Annodoc and brat

.