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SCONJ: subordinating conjunction

Definition

A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause.

We recognize these two subclasses as subordinating conjunctions:

For coordinating conjunctions see CCONJ.

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian)

There are 40 SCONJ lemmas (0%), 49 SCONJ types (0%) and 2928 SCONJ tokens (1%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of SCONJ is: 11 in number of lemmas, 12 in number of types and 13 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent SCONJ lemmas: che, se, quando, perché, come, mentre, qualora, dopo, purché, finché

The 10 most frequent SCONJ types: che, se, quando, perché, come, mentre, qualora, dopo, purché, finché

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: che (PRON 2226, SCONJ 1230, DET 236, ADP 32, CCONJ 30), se (SCONJ 667, PRON 44, ADV 3, CCONJ 1, NOUN 1), quando (SCONJ 334, ADV 202, PRON 2, CCONJ 1), perché (SCONJ 189, ADV 30, NOUN 2), come (ADP 475, ADV 232, SCONJ 172, CCONJ 4, PRON 1, X 1), mentre (SCONJ 106, CCONJ 16), dopo (ADP 226, ADV 45, SCONJ 33, NOUN 1), finché (SCONJ 17, ADV 1), sebbene (SCONJ 14, CCONJ 3), perciò (ADV 24, SCONJ 7)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: che (PRON 2204, SCONJ 1222, DET 89, ADP 32, CCONJ 30), se (SCONJ 445, PRON 69, ADV 2, NOUN 1, CCONJ 1), quando (SCONJ 252, ADV 6, PRON 2, CCONJ 1), perché (SCONJ 163, ADV 15, NOUN 2), come (ADP 452, SCONJ 147, ADV 66, CCONJ 4, PRON 1), mentre (SCONJ 95, CCONJ 16), dopo (ADP 171, ADV 44, SCONJ 24, NOUN 1), sebbene (SCONJ 9, CCONJ 3), perciò (ADV 8, SCONJ 7), appena (ADV 30, SCONJ 5)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of SCONJ is 1.225000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.485733).

The 1st highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “perché”: ch’, perchè, perché.

The 2nd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “poiché”: chè, ché, poiché.

The 3rd highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “affinché”: affinchè, affinché.

SCONJ does not occur with any features.

Relations

SCONJ nodes are attached to their parents using 10 different relations: it-dep/mark (2776; 95% instances), it-dep/fixed (123; 4% instances), it-dep/advmod (8; 0% instances), it-dep/obl (6; 0% instances), it-dep/conj (4; 0% instances), it-dep/case (3; 0% instances), it-dep/obj (3; 0% instances), it-dep/root (3; 0% instances), it-dep/dep (1; 0% instances), it-dep/expl (1; 0% instances)

Parents of SCONJ nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: VERB (2286; 78% instances), ADJ (245; 8% instances), NOUN (233; 8% instances), ADV (83; 3% instances), ADP (30; 1% instances), PRON (21; 1% instances), PROPN (14; 0% instances), SCONJ (7; 0% instances), NUM (4; 0% instances), ROOT (3; 0% instances), DET (1; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)

2790 (95%) SCONJ nodes are leaves.

109 (4%) SCONJ nodes have one child.

23 (1%) SCONJ nodes have two children.

6 (0%) SCONJ nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a SCONJ node is 4.

Children of SCONJ nodes are attached using 8 different relations: it-dep/advmod (71; 41% instances), it-dep/case (42; 24% instances), it-dep/punct (36; 21% instances), it-dep/conj (8; 5% instances), it-dep/fixed (8; 5% instances), it-dep/nmod (5; 3% instances), it-dep/cc (3; 2% instances), it-dep/acl:relcl (1; 1% instances)

Children of SCONJ nodes belong to 9 different parts of speech: ADV (82; 47% instances), PUNCT (36; 21% instances), ADP (35; 20% instances), SCONJ (7; 4% instances), NOUN (5; 3% instances), VERB (4; 2% instances), CCONJ (3; 2% instances), ADJ (1; 1% instances), PROPN (1; 1% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian-ParTUT)

There are 22 SCONJ lemmas (0%), 23 SCONJ types (0%) and 509 SCONJ tokens (1%). Out of 15 observed tags, the rank of SCONJ is: 11 in number of lemmas, 13 in number of types and 13 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent SCONJ lemmas: che, se, quando, come, perché, mentre, sebbene, affinché, dopo, dove

The 10 most frequent SCONJ types: che, se, quando, come, perché, mentre, sebbene, affinché, dopo, dove

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: che (PRON 313, SCONJ 283, CCONJ 16, ADP 9, ADV 1, DET 1), se (SCONJ 66, PRON 3), come (ADP 129, SCONJ 32, ADV 11), perché (SCONJ 24, ADV 2), mentre (SCONJ 22, CCONJ 2), sebbene (SCONJ 7, CCONJ 1), dopo (ADP 33, ADV 6, SCONJ 5), dove (ADV 8, SCONJ 3), comunque (ADV 4, SCONJ 2), benché (SCONJ 1, CCONJ 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: che (PRON 313, SCONJ 283, CCONJ 16, ADP 9, ADV 1), se (SCONJ 56, PRON 5), come (ADP 121, SCONJ 23, ADV 6), perché (SCONJ 18, ADV 1), mentre (SCONJ 19, CCONJ 2), sebbene (SCONJ 3, CCONJ 1), dopo (ADP 19, ADV 6, SCONJ 2), dove (ADV 8, SCONJ 3), benché (SCONJ 1, CCONJ 1), malgrado (ADP 2, SCONJ 1)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of SCONJ is 1.045455 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.446672).

The 1st highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “perché”: perchè, perché.

The 2nd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “affinché”: affinché.

The 3rd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “allorché”: allorché.

SCONJ does not occur with any features.

Relations

SCONJ nodes are attached to their parents using 3 different relations: it-dep/mark (498; 98% instances), it-dep/fixed (10; 2% instances), it-dep/obl (1; 0% instances)

Parents of SCONJ nodes belong to 8 different parts of speech: VERB (399; 78% instances), NOUN (54; 11% instances), ADJ (40; 8% instances), ADV (8; 2% instances), PRON (3; 1% instances), ADP (2; 0% instances), PROPN (2; 0% instances), NUM (1; 0% instances)

484 (95%) SCONJ nodes are leaves.

24 (5%) SCONJ nodes have one child.

1 (0%) SCONJ nodes have two children.

The highest child degree of a SCONJ node is 2.

Children of SCONJ nodes are attached using 3 different relations: it-dep/advmod (16; 62% instances), it-dep/case (9; 35% instances), it-dep/acl:relcl (1; 4% instances)

Children of SCONJ nodes belong to 3 different parts of speech: ADV (16; 62% instances), ADP (9; 35% instances), VERB (1; 4% instances)


SCONJ in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]