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SCONJ: subordinating conjunction

SCONJ is used for these two subclasses of subordinating conjunctions:

• Complementizers: that, whether, if, etc.
• Adverbial clause introducers: when, since, before, etc. (when introducing a clause not a nominal)

These are a subset of the things that the IN tag is used for in the PTB.

We treat the putative relativizer use of that (e.g., Jespersen 1924) as a relative pronoun in modern English, so that it gets the POS tag PRON.

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Treebank Statistics (UD_English)

There are 70 SCONJ lemmas (0%), 71 SCONJ types (0%) and 4245 SCONJ tokens (2%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of SCONJ is: 13 in number of lemmas, 14 in number of types and 14 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent SCONJ lemmas: that, if, as, because, for, of, before, after, since, while

The 10 most frequent SCONJ types: that, if, as, because, for, of, before, after, since, while

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: that (SCONJ 1079, PRON 912, DET 201, ADV 41, ADP 4), if (SCONJ 811, ADP 4), as (ADP 436, SCONJ 390, ADV 218, AUX 1), because (SCONJ 187, ADP 47), for (ADP 1906, SCONJ 164, CCONJ 7, X 4, ADV 2), of (ADP 3810, SCONJ 155, ADV 41, AUX 3, CCONJ 1), before (SCONJ 105, ADP 61, ADV 36), after (ADP 142, SCONJ 98, ADV 10), since (SCONJ 96, ADP 36, ADV 5), while (SCONJ 95, NOUN 18, ADP 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: that (SCONJ 1072, PRON 841, DET 183, ADV 40, ADP 4), if (SCONJ 502, ADP 4), as (ADP 390, SCONJ 339, ADV 206, AUX 1), because (SCONJ 175, ADP 42), for (ADP 1846, SCONJ 163, CCONJ 6, X 3, ADV 2), of (ADP 3786, SCONJ 153, ADV 35, AUX 1, CCONJ 1), before (SCONJ 98, ADP 57, ADV 35), after (ADP 115, SCONJ 71, ADV 8), since (SCONJ 80, ADP 29, ADV 5), while (SCONJ 77, NOUN 18, ADP 1)

• that
  • SCONJ 1072: It is rumored that North Korea has at least a couple nuclear weapons .
  • PRON 841: Right now that seems to be the US , EU , and IAEA .
  • DET 183: I have sent your question re on line trading to that area .
  • ADV 40: it ‘s passable as a pub , but the pizza is not that great .
  • ADP 4: Is that reasonable ?
• if
  • SCONJ 502: Now , people wonder if Google can even survive .
  • ADP 4: My apartment also smells repulsive even though I am cleaning out their litter box at least once a day if not twice .
• as
  • ADP 390: The hymn was sung at my first inaugural church service as governor .
  • SCONJ 339: I – which I try to do , as best as I possibly can .
  • ADV 206: I – which I try to do , as best as I possibly can .
  • AUX 1: I posted what the owner as said in paragraph 2 & 3 , that is not me to clarify .
• because
  • SCONJ 175: Obviously because i want to vote .
  • ADP 42: But sometimes , of course , when Z happens after X it is because of X .
• for
  • ADP 1846: Yet we did n’t charge them for the evacuation .
  • SCONJ 163: Thanks for thinking of me to send it to .
  • CCONJ 6: Please make this as simple as you can for my dad does nt really not that good .
  • X 3: « File : 220b - dg - Agreement for Recruiting Services.doc » « File : 220a DG - Agreement for Contract Services.DOC »
  • ADV 2: So they see the pictures flicker slower and there for it seems choppy to them .
• of
  • ADP 3786: When they saw a cartoon of their prophet , people had to die .
  • SCONJ 153: I was thinking of converting it to a hover vehicle .
  • ADV 35: To pander to the mythical “ Arab street “ , of course .
  • AUX 1: On the other hand though , if I ‘m a client he should really of called back by now because you do n’t leave a customer hanging .
  • CCONJ 1: I have to say that the baby does not scream after her of anything … he / she sleeps .
• before
  • SCONJ 98: you should work that out before applying .
  • ADP 57: ‘’ Bush was very well briefed before the meeting , ’’ the diplomat said .
  • ADV 35: It s a Reel and i have danced to it before ..
• after
  • ADP 115: But sometimes , of course , when Z happens after X it is because of X .
  • SCONJ 71: I have n’t even changed the wording after I first put it down .
  • ADV 8: We are , after all , in this together .
• since
  • SCONJ 80: People are open minded thr since the place is frequented by Firangs .
  • ADP 29: Is it OK to holiday in Christchurch since the Earthquakes ?
  • ADV 5: If so , this happy band has not been heard from since .
• while
  • SCONJ 77: Well last night while I was sleeping , my hamster escaped from his cage .
  • NOUN 18: they have n’t heard from you in a while .
  • ADP 1: I admit that I should have paid attention to this kind of little things while test drive .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of SCONJ is 1.014286 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.181137).

The 1st highest number of forms (2) was observed with the lemma “if”: if, it.

The 2nd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “about”: about.

The 3rd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “after”: after.

SCONJ does not occur with any features.

Relations

SCONJ nodes are attached to their parents using 8 different relations: en-dep/mark (4091; 96% instances), en-dep/case (85; 2% instances), en-dep/fixed (54; 1% instances), en-dep/obl (6; 0% instances), en-dep/advmod (5; 0% instances), en-dep/conj (2; 0% instances), en-dep/nmod (1; 0% instances), en-dep/reparandum (1; 0% instances)

Parents of SCONJ nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: VERB (3282; 77% instances), ADJ (364; 9% instances), NOUN (303; 7% instances), PRON (85; 2% instances), ADV (72; 2% instances), AUX (34; 1% instances), PROPN (31; 1% instances), SCONJ (31; 1% instances), ADP (14; 0% instances), PART (11; 0% instances), NUM (6; 0% instances), DET (5; 0% instances), INTJ (4; 0% instances), SYM (2; 0% instances), PUNCT (1; 0% instances)

4183 (99%) SCONJ nodes are leaves.

49 (1%) SCONJ nodes have one child.

12 (0%) SCONJ nodes have two children.

1 (0%) SCONJ nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a SCONJ node is 3.

Children of SCONJ nodes are attached using 10 different relations: en-dep/fixed (54; 71% instances), en-dep/obl:npmod (6; 8% instances), en-dep/conj (3; 4% instances), en-dep/obj (3; 4% instances), en-dep/punct (3; 4% instances), en-dep/cc (2; 3% instances), en-dep/obl (2; 3% instances), en-dep/advmod (1; 1% instances), en-dep/goeswith (1; 1% instances), en-dep/obl:tmod (1; 1% instances)

Children of SCONJ nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: SCONJ (31; 41% instances), NOUN (12; 16% instances), ADV (11; 14% instances), CCONJ (10; 13% instances), PUNCT (3; 4% instances), PART (2; 3% instances), PRON (2; 3% instances), VERB (2; 3% instances), ADJ (1; 1% instances), ADP (1; 1% instances), X (1; 1% instances)

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Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ESL)

There are 1 SCONJ lemmas (6%), 1 SCONJ types (6%) and 2278 SCONJ tokens (3%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of SCONJ is: 14 in number of lemmas, 14 in number of types and 12 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent SCONJ lemmas: _

The 10 most frequent SCONJ types: _

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: _ (NOUN 14135, VERB 13583, PRON 9575, DET 9068, PUNCT 8624, ADP 7769, ADJ 5278, ADV 5121, AUX 4111, PART 3169, CONJ 2865, SCONJ 2278, PROPN 1574, NUM 776, INTJ 67, X 60, SYM 37)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: _ (NOUN 14135, VERB 13583, PRON 9575, DET 9068, PUNCT 8624, ADP 7769, ADJ 5278, ADV 5121, AUX 4111, PART 3169, CONJ 2865, SCONJ 2278, PROPN 1574, NUM 776, INTJ 67, X 60, SYM 37)

• _
  • NOUN 14135: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • VERB 13583: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • PRON 9575: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • DET 9068: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • PUNCT 8624: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • ADP 7769: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • ADJ 5278: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • ADV 5121: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • AUX 4111: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • PART 3169: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • CONJ 2865: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • SCONJ 2278: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • PROPN 1574: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • NUM 776: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • INTJ 67: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • X 60: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
  • SYM 37: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of SCONJ is 1.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.000000).

The 1st highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “_”: _.

SCONJ does not occur with any features.

Relations

SCONJ nodes are attached to their parents using 6 different relations: en-dep/mark (2242; 98% instances), en-dep/mwe (26; 1% instances), en-dep/case (7; 0% instances), en-dep/acl (1; 0% instances), en-dep/advmod (1; 0% instances), en-dep/det (1; 0% instances)

Parents of SCONJ nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: VERB (1711; 75% instances), ADJ (323; 14% instances), NOUN (162; 7% instances), SCONJ (26; 1% instances), ADV (15; 1% instances), PROPN (14; 1% instances), PRON (10; 0% instances), AUX (8; 0% instances), NUM (7; 0% instances), DET (1; 0% instances), X (1; 0% instances)

2242 (98%) SCONJ nodes are leaves.

33 (1%) SCONJ nodes have one child.

3 (0%) SCONJ nodes have two children.

The highest child degree of a SCONJ node is 2.

Children of SCONJ nodes are attached using 6 different relations: en-dep/mwe (33; 85% instances), en-dep/advmod (2; 5% instances), en-dep/dobj (1; 3% instances), en-dep/goeswith (1; 3% instances), en-dep/mark (1; 3% instances), en-dep/nmod:npmod (1; 3% instances)

Children of SCONJ nodes belong to 6 different parts of speech: SCONJ (26; 67% instances), NOUN (4; 10% instances), ADP (3; 8% instances), PART (3; 8% instances), ADV (2; 5% instances), X (1; 3% instances)

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Treebank Statistics (UD_English-LinES)

There are 1 SCONJ lemmas (6%), 24 SCONJ types (0%) and 1231 SCONJ tokens (2%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of SCONJ is: 14 in number of lemmas, 10 in number of types and 13 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent SCONJ lemmas: _

The 10 most frequent SCONJ types: that, as, if, when, because, though, before, whether, while, than

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: _ (NOUN 12161, PUNCT 8085, VERB 8020, ADP 6788, DET 6429, PRON 6303, ADJ 4270, ADV 3700, AUX 3539, PROPN 2257, CCONJ 2081, PART 1703, SCONJ 1231, NUM 462, INTJ 122, X 41, SYM 5)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: that (SCONJ 505, DET 99, PRON 88), as (ADP 170, SCONJ 152, ADV 60, CCONJ 8), when (SCONJ 100, ADV 3), because (SCONJ 34, ADP 8), though (SCONJ 36, ADV 2), before (ADP 34, SCONJ 22, ADV 13), while (SCONJ 21, NOUN 3), than (ADP 50, SCONJ 14), for (ADP 424, SCONJ 12, ADV 5, CCONJ 1), since (SCONJ 8, ADP 7, ADV 4)

• that
  • SCONJ 505: Identifying filters that are currently in effect
  • DET 99: The swift and indifferent placidity of that look troubled me .
  • PRON 88: After that , a strange thing happened .
• as
  • ADP 170: You can group in intervals such as days , weeks , and quarters .
  • SCONJ 152: So that , as they say in Chicago , is where the smart money is .
  • ADV 60: He smiled , as if at some quiet joke .
  • CCONJ 8: What is most needed in this , as well as in other areas , is a serious in depth analysis of the problems .
• when
  • SCONJ 100: Filter settings are retained when you move fields to change the layout .
  • ADV 3: I know when is eat-e chicken , I know when is eat-e beef .
• because
  • SCONJ 34: At first this is hard to grasp because the setting is so civilized .
  • ADP 8: It ‘s not because of what one said .
• though
  • SCONJ 36: A writer ? Quinn spoke the word as though it were a lament .
  • ADV 2: There ‘s one thing I ‘ll do for you , though .
• before
  • ADP 34: In the tropics one must before everything keep calm .
  • SCONJ 22: It was upward of thirty days before I saw the mouth of the big river .
  • ADV 13: Yes , that ‘s happened to me before .
• while
  • SCONJ 21: I met Gwenzi ‘s brother in London one day while he was at Gray ‘s Inn ;
  • NOUN 3: He could take a trip if he liked , even leave the country for a while .
• than
  • ADP 50: There ‘s a much more important question than the check , he said .
  • SCONJ 14: He wondered if the young Auster had been any better at it than he was .
• for
  • ADP 424: The current Windows NT user must be an Administrator for the computer .
  • SCONJ 12: Such a suspicion made one pause – for out there there were no external checks .
  • ADV 5: No one is left out ; there are clear references to women , for example .
  • CCONJ 1: In the immutability of their surroundings the foreign shores , the foreign faces , the changing immensity of life , glide past , veiled not by a sense of mystery but by a slightly disdainful ignorance ; for there is nothing mysterious to a seaman unless it be the sea itself , which is the mistress of his existence and as inscrutable as Destiny .
• since
  • SCONJ 8: There ‘ve been three other managers since then .
  • ADP 7: He ‘s been waiting for you since eight o’clock .
  • ADV 4: We have been discussing this subject ever since I have been in Parliament .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of SCONJ is 24.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 527.705882).

The 1st highest number of forms (24) was observed with the lemma “_”: after, although, as, because, before, even, ever, for, if, once, since, so, than, that, though, till, unless, until, when, whenever, whereas, whether, while, with.

SCONJ does not occur with any features.

Relations

SCONJ nodes are attached to their parents using 5 different relations: en-dep/mark (1175; 95% instances), en-dep/fixed (41; 3% instances), en-dep/advmod (8; 1% instances), en-dep/obj (6; 0% instances), en-dep/root (1; 0% instances)

Parents of SCONJ nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: VERB (933; 76% instances), ADJ (88; 7% instances), NOUN (67; 5% instances), AUX (59; 5% instances), SCONJ (31; 3% instances), ADP (25; 2% instances), PROPN (7; 1% instances), ADV (6; 0% instances), PRON (6; 0% instances), DET (4; 0% instances), PART (3; 0% instances), NUM (1; 0% instances), ROOT (1; 0% instances)

1142 (93%) SCONJ nodes are leaves.

84 (7%) SCONJ nodes have one child.

4 (0%) SCONJ nodes have two children.

1 (0%) SCONJ nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a SCONJ node is 4.

Children of SCONJ nodes are attached using 12 different relations: en-dep/advmod (31; 32% instances), en-dep/mark (28; 29% instances), en-dep/fixed (18; 19% instances), en-dep/punct (10; 10% instances), en-dep/nmod (2; 2% instances), en-dep/amod (1; 1% instances), en-dep/cc (1; 1% instances), en-dep/conj (1; 1% instances), en-dep/cop (1; 1% instances), en-dep/csubj (1; 1% instances), en-dep/expl (1; 1% instances), en-dep/nsubj (1; 1% instances)

Children of SCONJ nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: ADV (44; 46% instances), SCONJ (31; 32% instances), PUNCT (10; 10% instances), ADJ (2; 2% instances), NOUN (2; 2% instances), PART (2; 2% instances), AUX (1; 1% instances), CCONJ (1; 1% instances), PRON (1; 1% instances), PROPN (1; 1% instances), VERB (1; 1% instances)

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Treebank Statistics (UD_English-ParTUT)

There are 37 SCONJ lemmas (1%), 37 SCONJ types (1%) and 535 SCONJ tokens (1%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of SCONJ is: 11 in number of lemmas, 11 in number of types and 14 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent SCONJ lemmas: that, when, if, as, while, because, although, though, where, whether

The 10 most frequent SCONJ types: that, when, if, as, while, because, although, though, where, whether

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: that (SCONJ 246, PRON 169, DET 43, ADJ 2), when (SCONJ 49, PRON 1, ADV 1), as (ADP 205, SCONJ 41, ADV 29, CCONJ 1), because (SCONJ 24, ADP 7, ADV 1), though (SCONJ 12, ADV 2), where (ADV 11, SCONJ 10, PRON 4), until (SCONJ 6, ADP 3), once (ADV 9, SCONJ 5), since (ADP 9, SCONJ 5), from (ADP 143, SCONJ 4)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: that (SCONJ 245, PRON 136, DET 22), when (SCONJ 29, ADV 1, PRON 1), as (ADP 191, SCONJ 29, ADV 29, CCONJ 1), because (SCONJ 24, ADP 7), though (SCONJ 11, ADV 2), where (ADV 11, SCONJ 8, PRON 4), until (SCONJ 6, ADP 2), once (ADV 9, SCONJ 2), since (SCONJ 5, ADP 5), from (ADP 138, SCONJ 4)

• that
  • SCONJ 245: I would ask that they reconsider , since this is not the case .
  • PRON 136: We ‘ve experienced that .
  • DET 22: How is that possible ?
• when
  • SCONJ 29: I remember it when I laugh .
  • ADV 1: However , when it comes to safety , I am rather sceptical because safety in Sweden , for example , is in principle no different from safety in Germany , Italy or Austria .
  • PRON 1: ( 2 ) No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence , under national or international law , at the time when it was committed .
• as
  • ADP 191: Inward FDI could increase by as much as 83 % annually by 2020 ;
  • SCONJ 29: Europe should not be completely absent , as the states tend to want .
  • ADV 29: Inward FDI could increase by as much as 83 % annually by 2020 ;
  • CCONJ 1: ” Balzac has received high praise from critics as diverse as Walter Benjamin and Camille Paglia .
• because
  • SCONJ 24: Those organisms that paired with fungi were rewarded , because fungi do not need light .
  • ADP 7: It was because of the discredited policies of his own Conservative Party .
• though
  • SCONJ 11: Later traditions maintain that he also played Adam in As You Like It and the Chorus in Henry V , though scholars doubt the sources of the information .
  • ADV 2: The Romantic poets attempted to revive Shakespearean verse drama , though with little success .
• where
  • ADV 11: Reach over 800 million people where they connect and share .
  • SCONJ 8: For the avoidance of doubt , where the work is a musical composition :
  • PRON 4: In 1816 Balzac entered the Sorbonne , where he studied under three famous professors .
• until
  • SCONJ 6: His preferred method was to eat a light meal at five or six in the afternoon , then sleep until midnight .
  • ADP 2: ” Shakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day , but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the 19 th century .
• once
  • ADV 9: Therefore , the Commission should address the issue once and for all .
  • SCONJ 2: Your public updates will appear in people ‘s News Feeds once they click this button .
• since
  • SCONJ 5: I would ask that they reconsider , since this is not the case .
  • ADP 5: Why has there been no Health and Safety Committee meeting since 1998 ?
• from
  • ADP 138: ( Applause from the PSE Group ) .
  • SCONJ 4: Developing countries have a lot to gain from attracting multinational firms .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of SCONJ is 1.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.187751).

The 1st highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “about”: about.

The 2nd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “after”: After.

The 3rd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “albeit”: albeit.

SCONJ does not occur with any features.

Relations

SCONJ nodes are attached to their parents using 5 different relations: en-dep/mark (520; 97% instances), en-dep/fixed (9; 2% instances), en-dep/case (4; 1% instances), en-dep/nsubj (1; 0% instances), en-dep/obl (1; 0% instances)

Parents of SCONJ nodes belong to 9 different parts of speech: VERB (408; 76% instances), ADJ (55; 10% instances), NOUN (53; 10% instances), ADV (10; 2% instances), ADP (3; 1% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances), PROPN (2; 0% instances), DET (1; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)

521 (97%) SCONJ nodes are leaves.

12 (2%) SCONJ nodes have one child.

2 (0%) SCONJ nodes have two children.

The highest child degree of a SCONJ node is 2.

Children of SCONJ nodes are attached using 6 different relations: en-dep/case (8; 50% instances), en-dep/fixed (3; 19% instances), en-dep/punct (2; 13% instances), en-dep/compound:prt (1; 6% instances), en-dep/conj (1; 6% instances), en-dep/nmod (1; 6% instances)

Children of SCONJ nodes belong to 5 different parts of speech: ADP (10; 63% instances), ADV (2; 13% instances), PUNCT (2; 13% instances), ADJ (1; 6% instances), NOUN (1; 6% instances)

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SCONJ in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]

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