appos: appositional modifier
An appositional modifier serves to identify its head in a different way. This relation is usually established between noun phrases.
Am plecat cu Alexandru , vărul meu . \n Have-I left with Alexandru , cousin-the my .
appos(Alexandru, vărul)
However, other parts of speech and even clauses can also be involved in the relation:
Gustul fructului era ciudat , adică dulce-amărui . \n . Taste-the fruit-the-of was strange , that_is sweet-bitter .
appos(ciudat, dulce-amărui)
Ne-am întâlnit aici , unde am stabilit . \n Us-have met here , where have-we established .
appos(aici, stabilit)
The apposition can be introduced by an adverb (e.g. ‘adică’, ‘anume’, ‘respectiv’, ‘alias’, etc.), which is analysed as a ‘mark’ for the apposotion:
A reușind muncind , adică asudând . \n Has succeeded working , that_is sweating .
appos(muncind, asudând)
mark(asudând, adică)
It includes parenthesized examples, as well as defining abbreviations in one of these structures.
Venerabilul ( adică eu ) merge diseară la întrunire . \n Honorable-the ( that_is I ) goes tonight at meeting.
appos(Venerabilul, eu)
Banca Comercială Română ( BCR ) \n Bank-the Commercial Romanian ( BCR )
appos(Banca, BCR)
‘appos’ is also used to link key-value pairs in addresses, signatures, etc.:
Ana Ionescu , Str Rozelor , tel : 0245.756.547 , email : ana@yahoo.com
name(Ana, Ionescu)
list(Ana, Str)
appos(Str, Rozelor)
list(Ana, tel)
appos(tel, 0245.756.547)
list(Ana, email)
appos(email, ana@yahoo.com)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Romanian)
This relation is universal.
1061 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as appos.
1058 instances of appos (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 5.00471253534401.
The following 45 pairs of parts of speech are connected with appos: ro-pos/NOUN-ro-pos/NOUN (499; 47% instances), ro-pos/NOUN-ro-pos/PROPN (203; 19% instances), ro-pos/PROPN-ro-pos/NOUN (84; 8% instances), ro-pos/NOUN-ro-pos/PRON (37; 3% instances), ro-pos/NOUN-ro-pos/VERB (29; 3% instances), ro-pos/VERB-ro-pos/NOUN (28; 3% instances), ro-pos/NUM-ro-pos/NOUN (20; 2% instances), ro-pos/NOUN-ro-pos/ADJ (17; 2% instances), ro-pos/VERB-ro-pos/VERB (15; 1% instances), ro-pos/PRON-ro-pos/NOUN (13; 1% instances), ro-pos/PROPN-ro-pos/PROPN (12; 1% instances), ro-pos/NOUN-ro-pos/ADV (11; 1% instances), ro-pos/NOUN-ro-pos/NUM (10; 1% instances), ro-pos/PRON-ro-pos/PRON (9; 1% instances), ro-pos/ADJ-ro-pos/NOUN (7; 1% instances), ro-pos/ADJ-ro-pos/ADJ (6; 1% instances), ro-pos/ADV-ro-pos/NOUN (6; 1% instances), ro-pos/NOUN-ro-pos/ADP (4; 0% instances), ro-pos/NOUN-ro-pos/X (4; 0% instances), ro-pos/PRON-ro-pos/PROPN (4; 0% instances), ro-pos/PROPN-ro-pos/VERB (4; 0% instances), ro-pos/ADJ-ro-pos/VERB (3; 0% instances), ro-pos/ADV-ro-pos/VERB (3; 0% instances), ro-pos/PROPN-ro-pos/ADJ (3; 0% instances), ro-pos/VERB-ro-pos/PRON (3; 0% instances), ro-pos/ADJ-ro-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), ro-pos/ADV-ro-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), ro-pos/ADV-ro-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), ro-pos/PRON-ro-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), ro-pos/PROPN-ro-pos/PRON (2; 0% instances), ro-pos/VERB-ro-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), ro-pos/VERB-ro-pos/NUM (2; 0% instances), ro-pos/ADP-ro-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/ADP-ro-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/ADV-ro-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/DET-ro-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/NUM-ro-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/NUM-ro-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/NUM-ro-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/PROPN-ro-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/PROPN-ro-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/PROPN-ro-pos/X (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/SYM-ro-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/VERB-ro-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), ro-pos/X-ro-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances).
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1 Era fi AUX Vmii3s Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 2 cop _ _
2 doamna doamnă NOUN Ncfsry Case=Acc,Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
3 Parsons Parsons PROPN Np _ 2 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No|ToDo=nmod
4 , , PUNCT COMMA _ 5 punct _ _
5 soția soție NOUN Ncfsry Case=Acc,Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 appos _ _
6 unui un DET Timso Case=Dat,Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 7 det _ _
7 vecin vecin NOUN Ncms-n Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _
8 de de ADP Spsa AdpType=Prep|Case=Acc 9 case _ _
9 palier palier NOUN Ncms-n Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
10 . . PUNCT PERIOD _ 2 punct _ _
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1 Câteva câtva DET Di3fpr Case=Acc,Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Ind 2 det _ _
2 personaje personaj NOUN Ncfp-n Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _
3 reapar reapărea VERB Vmip3p Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
4 și și CCONJ Crssp Polarity=Pos 8 advmod _ _
5 în în ADP Spsa AdpType=Prep|Case=Acc 8 case _ _
6 al al DET Tsms Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 det _ _
7 doilea doi NUM Moms-l Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 8 nummod _ _
8 roman roman NOUN Ncms-n Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No
9 , , PUNCT COMMA _ 10 punct _ _
10 Sybaris Sybaris PROPN Np _ 8 appos _ SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT PERIOD _ 3 punct _ _
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1 Transilvania Transilvania PROPN Np _ 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT COMMA _ 3 punct _ _
3 parte parte NOUN Ncfsrn Case=Acc,Nom|Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 appos _ _
4 de-a de-a ADP Spsa AdpType=Prep|Case=Acc 6 case _ _
5 lungul lung NOUN Ncmsry Case=Acc,Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 fixed _ _
6 Evului ev NOUN Ncmsoy Case=Dat,Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
7 Mediu mediu ADJ Afpms-n Definite=Ind|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 amod _ _
8 a al DET Tsfs Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 det _ _
9 Regatului regat NOUN Ncmsoy Case=Dat,Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
10 Ungariei Ungaria PROPN Npfsoy Case=Dat,Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _
appos in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]