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ADJ: adjective

Definition

Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes. They may also function as predicates, as in

Ця машина є зелена.  “The car is green.”

The ADJ tag is intended for ordinary adjectives only. See DET for determiners and NUM for cardinal numerals.

In accord with the UD approach, adjectival ordinal numerals (перший, сьомий, стошістдесятий)  are tagged as adjectives, although the traditional grammar classifies them as numerals. They behave like adjectives both morphologically and syntactically, with the exception that they cannot be compared and negated.

Most Ukrainian adjectives inflect for uk-feat/Gender (великий – велика – велике)  “big”, uk-feat/Number (великий – великі),  and uk-feat/Case (великий – великого – великому – великим – великім),  uk-feat/Degree (великий – більший – найбільший). 

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Ukrainian)

There are 704 ADJ lemmas (18%), 981 ADJ types (18%) and 1115 ADJ tokens (9%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of ADJ is: 3 in number of lemmas, 3 in number of types and 5 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADJ lemmas: цілий, перший, різний, великий, новий, український, дитячий, домашній, справжній, другий

The 10 most frequent ADJ types: різних, цілу, домашніх, різні, ціле, цілий, великих, великої, дитячої, експериментальних

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: цілий (ADJ 21, NOUN 1), перший (ADJ 14, NOUN 1), великий (ADJ 13, NOUN 1), український (ADJ 11, NOUN 4), домашній (ADJ 9, NOUN 1), другий (ADJ 8, DET 2), малий (ADJ 8, NOUN 3), військовий (ADJ 7, NOUN 1), третій (ADJ 6, NOUN 1), молодий (ADJ 4, NOUN 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: ціле (ADJ 3, NOUN 1), першого (ADJ 3, NOUN 1), української (ADJ 3, NOUN 2), домашні (ADJ 2, NOUN 1), другий (ADJ 2, DET 1), старих (ADJ 2, NOUN 1), Красної (PROPN 1, ADJ 1), Найкраще (ADV 1, ADJ 1), велике (NOUN 1, ADJ 1), легко (ADJ 1, ADV 1)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADJ is 1.393466 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.380843).

The 1st highest number of forms (9) was observed with the lemma “перший”: Перший, перша, перших, першого, першому, першої, першу, перші, першій.

The 2nd highest number of forms (8) was observed with the lemma “цілий”: ціла, ціле, цілий, цілими, цілих, цілого, цілої, цілу.

The 3rd highest number of forms (7) was observed with the lemma “великий”: велика, велике, великий, великих, великої, великі, великій.

ADJ occurs with 15 features: uk-feat/Case (1105; 99% instances), uk-feat/Gender (752; 67% instances), uk-feat/Number (353; 32% instances), uk-feat/Degree (343; 31% instances), uk-feat/Animacy (151; 14% instances), uk-feat/Aspect (128; 11% instances), uk-feat/VerbForm (128; 11% instances), uk-feat/Voice (128; 11% instances), uk-feat/NumType (43; 4% instances), uk-feat/Hyph (9; 1% instances), uk-feat/Style (8; 1% instances), uk-feat/Foreign (2; 0% instances), uk-feat/Variant (2; 0% instances), uk-feat/Abbr (1; 0% instances), uk-feat/Tense (1; 0% instances)

ADJ occurs with 30 feature-value pairs: Abbr=Yes, Animacy=Anim, Animacy=Inan, Aspect=Imp, Aspect=Perf, Case=Acc, Case=Dat, Case=Gen, Case=Ins, Case=Loc, Case=Nom, Case=Voc, Degree=Cmp, Degree=Pos, Degree=Sup, Foreign=Yes, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Gender=Neut, Hyph=Yes, NumType=Ord, Number=Plur, Style=Odd, Style=Rare, Tense=Pres, Variant=Short, Variant=Uncontr, VerbForm=Part, Voice=Act, Voice=Pass

ADJ occurs with 150 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Gen|Gender=Fem (69 tokens). Examples: дитячої, української, ветеринарної, виконавчої, громадянської, державної, міської, Жовтневої, Карпатської, Красної

Relations

ADJ nodes are attached to their parents using 15 different relations: uk-dep/amod (906; 81% instances), uk-dep/acl (46; 4% instances), uk-dep/root (46; 4% instances), uk-dep/conj (43; 4% instances), uk-dep/xcomp (20; 2% instances), uk-dep/advcl (13; 1% instances), uk-dep/obl (12; 1% instances), uk-dep/compound (9; 1% instances), uk-dep/ccomp (5; 0% instances), uk-dep/appos (4; 0% instances), uk-dep/nmod (3; 0% instances), uk-dep/parataxis (3; 0% instances), uk-dep/nsubj (2; 0% instances), uk-dep/obj (2; 0% instances), uk-dep/flat (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADJ nodes belong to 7 different parts of speech: NOUN (940; 84% instances), ADJ (55; 5% instances), VERB (54; 5% instances), ROOT (46; 4% instances), PROPN (14; 1% instances), PRON (4; 0% instances), NUM (2; 0% instances)

863 (77%) ADJ nodes are leaves.

110 (10%) ADJ nodes have one child.

49 (4%) ADJ nodes have two children.

93 (8%) ADJ nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADJ node is 7.

Children of ADJ nodes are attached using 23 different relations: uk-dep/punct (155; 27% instances), uk-dep/obl (85; 15% instances), uk-dep/conj (52; 9% instances), uk-dep/advmod (48; 8% instances), uk-dep/nsubj (46; 8% instances), uk-dep/cop (44; 8% instances), uk-dep/cc (32; 6% instances), uk-dep/advcl (19; 3% instances), uk-dep/mark (16; 3% instances), uk-dep/case (13; 2% instances), uk-dep/discourse (12; 2% instances), uk-dep/nsubj:pass (11; 2% instances), uk-dep/compound (9; 2% instances), uk-dep/obj (8; 1% instances), uk-dep/parataxis (7; 1% instances), uk-dep/xcomp (6; 1% instances), uk-dep/acl (4; 1% instances), uk-dep/aux:pass (4; 1% instances), uk-dep/nmod (3; 1% instances), uk-dep/appos (2; 0% instances), uk-dep/aux (1; 0% instances), uk-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), uk-dep/det (1; 0% instances)

Children of ADJ nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: PUNCT (155; 27% instances), NOUN (130; 22% instances), ADJ (55; 9% instances), ADV (50; 9% instances), AUX (49; 8% instances), CCONJ (32; 6% instances), PRON (25; 4% instances), VERB (24; 4% instances), PART (16; 3% instances), SCONJ (14; 2% instances), ADP (13; 2% instances), PROPN (9; 2% instances), DET (7; 1% instances)


ADJ in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]