csubj: clausal subject
A clausal subject is a clausal syntactic subject of a clause, i.e., the subject is itself a clause. The governor of this relation might not always be a verb: when the verb is a copular verb, the root of the clause is the complement of the copular verb.
Qu'il vienne m' embête . \n His coming bothers me.
csubj(embête, vienne)
Here is an example from FrenchSpoken :
créer des choses qui durent m'a paru être essentiel \n creating things that last seemed essential to me
csubj(paru, créer)
Treebank Statistics (UD_French)
This relation is universal.
47 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as csubj.
32 instances of csubj (68%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 7.72340425531915.
The following 6 pairs of parts of speech are connected with csubj: fr-pos/VERB-fr-pos/VERB (23; 49% instances), fr-pos/NOUN-fr-pos/VERB (13; 28% instances), fr-pos/ADJ-fr-pos/VERB (8; 17% instances), fr-pos/NOUN-fr-pos/ADV (1; 2% instances), fr-pos/NOUN-fr-pos/AUX (1; 2% instances), fr-pos/NOUN-fr-pos/NOUN (1; 2% instances).
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1 Mieux mieux ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ _
2 vaut valoir VERB _ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
3 les le PRON _ Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obj _ _
4 oublier oublier VERB _ VerbForm=Inf 2 csubj _ SpaceAfter=No
5 . . PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ _
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# visual-style 10 1 csubj color:blue
1 Manger manger VERB _ VerbForm=Inf 10 csubj _ _
2 le le DET _ Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 3 det _ _
3 poisson poisson NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obj _ _
4 pêché pêcher VERB _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 acl _ _
5 dans dans ADP _ _ 7 case _ _
6 l' le DET _ Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 7 det _ SpaceAfter=No
7 étang étang NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ _
8 est être AUX _ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _
9 un un DET _ Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 10 det _ _
10 enchantement enchantement NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT _ _ 10 punct _ _
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1 Seul seul ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 amod _ _
2 bémol bémol NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ _
4 trouver trouver VERB _ VerbForm=Inf 11 csubj _ _
5 une un DET _ Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 6 det _ _
6 place place NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 obj _ _
7 de de ADP _ _ 8 case _ _
8 parking parking NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _
9 est être AUX _ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop _ _
10 très très ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ _
11 difficile difficile ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ _
12 ! ! PUNCT _ _ 11 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_French-ParTUT)
This relation is universal.
38 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as csubj.
37 instances of csubj (97%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 5.21052631578947.
The following 6 pairs of parts of speech are connected with csubj: fr-pos/VERB-fr-pos/VERB (19; 50% instances), fr-pos/ADJ-fr-pos/VERB (12; 32% instances), fr-pos/NOUN-fr-pos/VERB (4; 11% instances), fr-pos/ADJ-fr-pos/ADJ (1; 3% instances), fr-pos/ADJ-fr-pos/DET (1; 3% instances), fr-pos/PRON-fr-pos/VERB (1; 3% instances).
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1 - - PUNCT FF _ 3 punct _ _
2 il il PRON PE Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 expl _ _
3 convient convenir VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
4 de de ADP E _ 5 mark _ _
5 mettre mettre VERB V VerbForm=Inf 3 csubj _ _
6 l' le DET RD Definite=Def|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 7 det _ SpaceAfter=No
7 accent accent NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 obj _ _
8 sur sur ADP E _ 10 case _ _
9 la le DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 10 det _ _
10 formation formation NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 obl _ _
11 pratique pratique ADJ A Number=Sing 10 amod _ SpaceAfter=No
12 . . PUNCT FS _ 3 punct _ _
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# visual-style 5 7 csubj color:blue
1 Considérant considérer VERB V VerbForm=Ger 0 root _ _
2 qu' que SCONJ CS _ 5 mark _ SpaceAfter=No
3 il il PRON PE Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 expl _ _
4 est être AUX VA Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _
5 essentiel essentiel ADJ A Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 ccomp _ _
6 d' de ADP E _ 7 mark _ SpaceAfter=No
7 encourager encourager VERB V VerbForm=Inf 5 csubj _ _
8 le le DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 9 det _ _
9 développement développement NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obj _ _
10 de de ADP E _ 11 case _ _
11 relations relation NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _
12 amicales amical ADJ A Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 11 amod _ _
13 entre entre ADP E _ 14 case _ _
14 nations nation NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 11 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
15 . . PUNCT FS _ 1 punct _ _
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# visual-style 3 7 csubj color:blue
1 Est être AUX VA Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ SpaceAfter=No
2 -il il PRON PE Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 expl _ _
3 vrai vrai NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
4 que que SCONJ CS _ 7 mark _ _
5 Facebook Facebook PROPN SP _ 7 nsubj _ _
6 va aller AUX VA Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _
7 facturer facturer VERB V VerbForm=Inf 3 csubj _ _
8 l' le DET RD Definite=Def|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 9 det _ SpaceAfter=No
9 utilisation utilisation NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 obj _ _
10 de de ADP E _ 12 case _ _
11 le le DET RD Definite=Def|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 12 det _ _
12 site site NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
13 ? ? PUNCT FS _ 3 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_French-Sequoia)
This relation is universal.
There are 1 language-specific subtypes of csubj: csubj:pass.
3 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as csubj.
3 instances of csubj (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 3.66666666666667.
The following 1 pairs of parts of speech are connected with csubj: fr-pos/VERB-fr-pos/VERB (3; 100% instances).
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# visual-style 18 19 csubj color:blue
1 Monsieur monsieur NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 vocative _ _
2 le le DET _ Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 3 det _ _
3 Président président NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT _ _ 6 punct _ _
5 chers cher ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 amod _ _
6 collègues collègue NOUN _ Number=Plur 1 conj _ SpaceAfter=No
7 , , PUNCT _ _ 8 punct _ _
8 Madame monsieur NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 conj _ _
9 le le DET _ Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 10 det _ _
10 rapporteur rapporteur NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
11 , , PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ _
12 comme comme SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ _
13 dit dire VERB _ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _
14 le le DET _ Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 15 det _ _
15 proverbe proverbe NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _
16 : : PUNCT _ _ 13 punct _ _
17 mieux mieux ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ _
18 vaut valoir VERB _ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
19 prévenir prévenir VERB _ VerbForm=Inf 18 csubj _ _
20 que que SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ _
21 guérir guérir VERB _ VerbForm=Inf 18 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No
22 . . PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ _
csubj in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]