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ADJ: adjective

Definition

Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes. They may also function as predicates, as in

El cotxe és verd. “The car is green.”

In Catalan, adjectives normally follow the noun, e.g. La casa groga “The yellow house”, although sometimes they may also precede the noun, e.g. La blanca neu “The white snow”.

Adjectives in Catalan agree in number and gender with the noun they modify, e.g. la casa groga (femenine singular), les cases grogues (femenine plural).

The class of adjectives in Catalan UD also includes ordinal numbers and participial adjectives, both behaving as adjectives morphologically and syntactically. Note that participles are word forms that may share properties and usage of adjectives and verbs. Depending on context, they may be classified as either VERB or ADJ.

To conform to the UD guidelines, possessive adjectives are handled as determiners DET.

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Catalan)

There are 3614 ADJ lemmas (15%), 6145 ADJ types (18%) and 26790 ADJ tokens (6%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of ADJ is: 3 in number of lemmas, 4 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent ADJ lemmas: nou, primer, gran, català, passat, polític, espanyol, general, últim, públic

The 10 most frequent ADJ types: gran, passat, primer, nou, primera, general, nova, espanyol, catalana, grans

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: nou (ADJ 721, NUM 71, NOUN 5), primer (ADJ 630, ADV 16, NOUN 2, NUM 1), gran (ADJ 373, NOUN 2), català (ADJ 363, NOUN 113, PROPN 3), passat (ADJ 335, NOUN 28, PROPN 1), polític (ADJ 291, NOUN 43), espanyol (ADJ 261, NOUN 24), general (ADJ 258, NOUN 21), últim (ADJ 255, ADV 2, NOUN 1), públic (ADJ 250, NOUN 65)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: passat (ADJ 293, VERB 79, NOUN 28, AUX 3, PROPN 1), primer (ADJ 278, ADV 11, NOUN 2), nou (ADJ 258, NUM 71, NOUN 5), primera (ADJ 234, NUM 1), general (ADJ 225, NOUN 20), nova (ADJ 225, NOUN 1, PROPN 1), espanyol (ADJ 140, NOUN 14), catalana (ADJ 132, PROPN 1), grans (ADJ 127, NOUN 4, PROPN 1), baix (ADJ 22, NOUN 7, ADV 1)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of ADJ is 1.700332 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.417161).

The 1st highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “baix”: baix, baixa, baixes, baixet, baixos.

The 2nd highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “bo”: bo, bon, bona, bones, bons.

The 3rd highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “previ”: previ, previs, prvies, prèvia, prèvies.

ADJ occurs with 5 features: ca-feat/Number (26446; 99% instances), ca-feat/Gender (17981; 67% instances), ca-feat/VerbForm (4958; 19% instances), ca-feat/NumType (1421; 5% instances), ca-feat/AdpType (1; 0% instances)

ADJ occurs with 7 feature-value pairs: AdpType=Prep, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, NumType=Ord, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, VerbForm=Part

ADJ occurs with 17 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Number=Sing (5836 tokens). Examples: gran, general, passat, primer, nou, primera, actual, nova, important, social

Relations

ADJ nodes are attached to their parents using 23 different relations: ca-dep/amod (22246; 83% instances), ca-dep/conj (1153; 4% instances), ca-dep/obj (944; 4% instances), ca-dep/root (678; 3% instances), ca-dep/ccomp (369; 1% instances), ca-dep/advmod (326; 1% instances), ca-dep/advcl (263; 1% instances), ca-dep/acl (260; 1% instances), ca-dep/nsubj (147; 1% instances), ca-dep/iobj (98; 0% instances), ca-dep/flat (79; 0% instances), ca-dep/appos (55; 0% instances), ca-dep/csubj (49; 0% instances), ca-dep/nmod (39; 0% instances), ca-dep/xcomp (39; 0% instances), ca-dep/fixed (16; 0% instances), ca-dep/obl (11; 0% instances), ca-dep/parataxis (10; 0% instances), ca-dep/dep (3; 0% instances), ca-dep/det (2; 0% instances), ca-dep/case (1; 0% instances), ca-dep/mark (1; 0% instances), ca-dep/orphan (1; 0% instances)

Parents of ADJ nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: NOUN (21418; 80% instances), VERB (2085; 8% instances), ADJ (1180; 4% instances), PROPN (864; 3% instances), ROOT (678; 3% instances), NUM (193; 1% instances), PRON (98; 0% instances), AUX (62; 0% instances), ADP (57; 0% instances), DET (57; 0% instances), ADV (51; 0% instances), CCONJ (21; 0% instances), SYM (17; 0% instances), SCONJ (7; 0% instances), PART (1; 0% instances), X (1; 0% instances)

18799 (70%) ADJ nodes are leaves.

3887 (15%) ADJ nodes have one child.

1321 (5%) ADJ nodes have two children.

2783 (10%) ADJ nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a ADJ node is 12.

Children of ADJ nodes are attached using 26 different relations: ca-dep/punct (3197; 17% instances), ca-dep/advmod (2421; 13% instances), ca-dep/cop (1828; 10% instances), ca-dep/obj (1770; 9% instances), ca-dep/obl (1612; 8% instances), ca-dep/conj (1317; 7% instances), ca-dep/nsubj (1233; 6% instances), ca-dep/nmod (1112; 6% instances), ca-dep/cc (1098; 6% instances), ca-dep/mark (725; 4% instances), ca-dep/det (575; 3% instances), ca-dep/case (540; 3% instances), ca-dep/advcl (446; 2% instances), ca-dep/aux (373; 2% instances), ca-dep/csubj (226; 1% instances), ca-dep/flat (158; 1% instances), ca-dep/amod (138; 1% instances), ca-dep/acl (135; 1% instances), ca-dep/xcomp (119; 1% instances), ca-dep/ccomp (22; 0% instances), ca-dep/nummod (19; 0% instances), ca-dep/parataxis (12; 0% instances), ca-dep/expl:pass (7; 0% instances), ca-dep/dep (6; 0% instances), ca-dep/fixed (2; 0% instances), ca-dep/orphan (1; 0% instances)

Children of ADJ nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: NOUN (4111; 22% instances), PUNCT (3199; 17% instances), ADV (2301; 12% instances), AUX (2221; 12% instances), ADJ (1180; 6% instances), PROPN (1126; 6% instances), CCONJ (1081; 6% instances), VERB (1065; 6% instances), ADP (669; 4% instances), SCONJ (629; 3% instances), DET (617; 3% instances), PRON (420; 2% instances), SYM (348; 2% instances), NUM (119; 1% instances), PART (5; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)


ADJ in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]