DET: determiner
Definition
Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context. That is, a determiner may indicate whether the noun is referring to a definite or indefinite element of a class, to a closer or more distant element, to an element belonging to a specified person or thing, to a particular number or quantity, etc.
An important point to note is that the traditional grammar of Ukrainian does not define determiners as a separate word class. Ukrainian does not have articles. Most determiners are traditionally called pronouns; that is, an UD-conformant annotation of Ukrainian must distinguish between substantive pronouns (UD tag PRON) and attributive pronouns (UD tag DET).
Examples
- possessive determiners: мій, твій, його, її, наш, ваш, їх “my, your, his, her, our, your, their”
- reflexive possessive determiner: свій “one’s own”
- demonstrative determiners: той, цей as in Цю машину я бачила вчора. “I saw this car yesterday.”
- interrogative determiners: котрий as in Котра машина тобі подобається? “Which car do you like?”
- relative determiners: котрий as in Мені цікаво, котра машина тобі подобається. “I wonder which car you like.”
- relative possessive determiner: чий “whose”
- indefinite determiners: деякий, якийсь
- total determiners: кожен, всякий
- negative determiners: жоден, ніякий as in Ми не маємо жодної машини. “We have no cars available.”
References
Treebank Statistics (UD_Ukrainian)
There are 38 DET lemmas (1%), 171 DET types (3%) and 522 DET tokens (4%).
Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of DET is: 9 in number of lemmas, 6 in number of types and 8 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent DET lemmas: який, той, свій, наш, весь, такий, один, кілька, інший, мій
The 10 most frequent DET types: кілька, його, які, всі, який, її, той, усіх, яких, одного
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: той (DET 45, PRON 4), весь (DET 32, PRON 7), такий (DET 32, PRON 1), один (DET 29, NUM 13, PRON 1), інший (DET 26, PRON 1), увесь (DET 22, PRON 2), цей (DET 18, AUX 1), кожний (DET 9, PRON 1), багато (DET 6, ADV 5), сам (DET 6, PRON 1)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: його (PRON 32, DET 17), всі (DET 13, PRON 2), її (DET 9, PRON 7), усіх (DET 9, PRON 2), одного (DET 3, NUM 1), всіх (DET 7, PRON 3), таке (DET 6, PRON 2), багато (DET 4, ADV 4), того (PRON 8, DET 5), один (NUM 8, DET 2)
- його
- всі
- її
- усіх
- одного
- всіх
- таке
- багато
- того
- один
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of DET is 4.500000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.380843).
The 1st highest number of forms (14) was observed with the lemma “той”: та, тим, тими, тих, того, той, тому, тої, ту, ті, тій, тім, тією, тієї.
The 2nd highest number of forms (13) was observed with the lemma “який”: яка, яке, який, яким, якими, яких, якого, якому, якою, якої, яку, які, якій.
The 3rd highest number of forms (11) was observed with the lemma “наш”: наш, наша, наше, наших, нашого, нашому, нашою, нашої, нашу, наші, нашій.
DET occurs with 11 features: uk-feat/Case (522; 100% instances), uk-feat/PronType (522; 100% instances), uk-feat/Gender (317; 61% instances), uk-feat/Number (205; 39% instances), uk-feat/Poss (145; 28% instances), uk-feat/Person (108; 21% instances), uk-feat/Animacy (81; 16% instances), uk-feat/Reflex (49; 9% instances), uk-feat/NumType (34; 7% instances), uk-feat/Variant (2; 0% instances), uk-feat/Style (1; 0% instances)
DET occurs with 26 feature-value pairs: Animacy=Anim, Animacy=Inan, Case=Acc, Case=Dat, Case=Gen, Case=Ins, Case=Loc, Case=Nom, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Gender=Neut, NumType=Card, Number=Plur, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Poss=Yes, PronType=Dem, PronType=Ind, PronType=Neg, PronType=Prs, PronType=Rel, PronType=Tot, Reflex=Yes, Style=Odd, Variant=Short
DET occurs with 159 feature combinations.
The most frequent feature combination is Case=Acc|Number=Plur|NumType=Card|PronType=Ind (27 tokens).
Examples: кілька, багато, декілька, кількох
Relations
DET nodes are attached to their parents using 12 different relations: uk-dep/det (375; 72% instances), uk-dep/nsubj (42; 8% instances), uk-dep/obl (33; 6% instances), uk-dep/amod (18; 3% instances), uk-dep/det:numgov (18; 3% instances), uk-dep/obj (15; 3% instances), uk-dep/det:nummod (12; 2% instances), uk-dep/root (3; 1% instances), uk-dep/conj (2; 0% instances), uk-dep/nummod:gov (2; 0% instances), uk-dep/appos (1; 0% instances), uk-dep/nmod (1; 0% instances)
Parents of DET nodes belong to 8 different parts of speech: NOUN (400; 77% instances), VERB (83; 16% instances), PRON (19; 4% instances), ADJ (7; 1% instances), PROPN (4; 1% instances), ADV (3; 1% instances), DET (3; 1% instances), ROOT (3; 1% instances)
464 (89%) DET nodes are leaves.
48 (9%) DET nodes have one child.
8 (2%) DET nodes have two children.
2 (0%) DET nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a DET node is 6.
Children of DET nodes are attached using 11 different relations: uk-dep/case (34; 47% instances), uk-dep/acl (10; 14% instances), uk-dep/punct (7; 10% instances), uk-dep/advmod (6; 8% instances), uk-dep/cc (5; 7% instances), uk-dep/discourse (5; 7% instances), uk-dep/det (2; 3% instances), uk-dep/conj (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/nmod (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/obl (1; 1% instances), uk-dep/parataxis (1; 1% instances)
Children of DET nodes belong to 10 different parts of speech: ADP (34; 47% instances), VERB (9; 12% instances), PUNCT (7; 10% instances), PART (6; 8% instances), ADV (5; 7% instances), CCONJ (5; 7% instances), DET (3; 4% instances), PRON (2; 3% instances), NOUN (1; 1% instances), PROPN (1; 1% instances)
DET in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]