cc: coordinating conjunction
Coordinating conjunctions are marked as dependents of the first
coordinated element, and the dependency type used is cc.
kirjat , kynät ja viivottimet \n books , pencils and rulers
conj(kirjat-1, kynät-3)
punct(kirjat-1, ,-2)
cc(kirjat-1, ja-4)
conj(kirjat-1, viivottimet-5)
Coordinating conjunctions that consist of parts separated by
coordinated elements are annotated so that the first part is marked with
the type cc:preconj and the second part with cc in the regular
fashion. Adjacent parts of acting as a single conjunction are joined
together with the fixed dependency relation with the initial word
as the head and others as direct dependents of this word.
toisaalta kynät , toisaalta viivottimet \n on_the_one_hand pencils , on_the_other_hand rulers
cc:preconj(kynät-2, toisaalta-1)
punct(kynät-2, ,-3)
cc(kynät-2, toisaalta-4)
conj(kynät-2, viivottimet-5)
kynät ja / tai viivottimet \n pencils and / or rulers
cc(kynät-1, ja-2)
mwe(ja-2, /-3)
mwe(ja-2, tai-4)
conj(kynät-1, viivottimet-5)
Coordinating conjunctions are a closed class of words, and the main conjunctions are as follows:
- ja “and”
- sekä “and”
- sekä… että “both… and”
- -kä “attached to negation words, nor”
- eli “a.k.a.”
- tai “or”
- vai “or” (in a question context)
- joko… tai “either… or”
- mutta “but”
- vaan “but” (in a negative context)
In addition, certain less frequent words or combinations of words are marked as coordinating conjunctions in TDT, namely:
- &
- elikkä “colloquial version of eli, a.k.a”
- ja / tai “and / or”
- ja toisaalta “and on the other hand”
- kuin “as/like”
- kuin myös “as also”
- kuten “like also”
- milloin… milloin “when… when”
- mitä… sitä “the… the”
- niin… kuin “as well as”
- niin kuin “like”
- paitsi että “except that” (a two-part preconjunction, see cc:preconj)
- paitsi… myös “not only… but also”
- saati “let alone”
- saati että “let alone that”
- saatikka “let alone”
- samoin kuin “the same way as”
- siinä missä “as much as”
- sitä… mitä “the… the”
- sitä mukaa… mitä (a version of “the… the”)
- sun muuta “et cetera”
- toisaalta… ja/mutta toisaalta “on the one hand… and/but on the other hand”
- toisaalta… toisaalta “on the one hand… on the other hand”
- vaikka “although” (also a subordinating conjunction)
- vuoroin… ja vuoroin “in turn… and in turn”
- vuoroin… vuoroin “in turn… in turn”
- yhtä lailla… kuin (+kin) “as well as (also)”
- ym. “etc.”
Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)
This relation is universal.
There are 1 language-specific subtypes of cc: cc:preconj.
7417 nodes (4%) are attached to their parents as cc.
7416 instances of cc (100%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.12538762302818.
The following 32 pairs of parts of speech are connected with cc: fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/CCONJ (3001; 40% instances), fi-pos/VERB-fi-pos/CCONJ (2618; 35% instances), fi-pos/ADJ-fi-pos/CCONJ (576; 8% instances), fi-pos/PROPN-fi-pos/CCONJ (543; 7% instances), fi-pos/ADV-fi-pos/CCONJ (152; 2% instances), fi-pos/PRON-fi-pos/CCONJ (144; 2% instances), fi-pos/VERB-fi-pos/VERB (125; 2% instances), fi-pos/NUM-fi-pos/CCONJ (84; 1% instances), fi-pos/CCONJ-fi-pos/CCONJ (41; 1% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/VERB (40; 1% instances), fi-pos/SYM-fi-pos/CCONJ (12; 0% instances), fi-pos/PRON-fi-pos/VERB (11; 0% instances), fi-pos/ADJ-fi-pos/VERB (10; 0% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/ADV (9; 0% instances), fi-pos/X-fi-pos/CCONJ (9; 0% instances), fi-pos/VERB-fi-pos/ADV (6; 0% instances), fi-pos/ADP-fi-pos/CCONJ (5; 0% instances), fi-pos/AUX-fi-pos/CCONJ (5; 0% instances), fi-pos/PROPN-fi-pos/SYM (5; 0% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/SYM (4; 0% instances), fi-pos/ADV-fi-pos/VERB (3; 0% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/NOUN (2; 0% instances), fi-pos/NUM-fi-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), fi-pos/PROPN-fi-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), fi-pos/ADJ-fi-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/ADV-fi-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/ADV-fi-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/X (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/PRON-fi-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/PROPN-fi-pos/X (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/PUNCT-fi-pos/CCONJ (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/X-fi-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
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1 Tässä tämä PRON Pron Case=Ine|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 0 root _ _
2 hieman hieman ADV Adv _ 3 advmod _ _
3 yleiskuvaa yleis#kuva NOUN N Case=Par|Number=Sing 1 nsubj:cop _ _
4 showroomilta showroom NOUN N Case=Abl|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
5 ja ja CCONJ C _ 8 cc _ _
6 lisää lisää ADV Adv _ 8 advmod _ _
7 tuttuja tuttu ADJ A Case=Par|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur 8 amod _ _
8 naamoja naama NOUN N Case=Par|Number=Plur 3 conj 1:nsubj:cop SpaceAfter=No
9 . . PUNCT Punct _ 1 punct _ _
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1 Ja ja CCONJ C _ 3 cc _ _
2 mitä mikä PRON Pron Case=Par|Number=Sing|PronType=Int 3 obj _ _
3 kustantaa kustantaa VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
4 valmis valmis ADJ A Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 5 amod _ _
5 dolly dolly X Foreign Foreign=Yes 3 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No
6 ? ? PUNCT Punct _ 3 punct _ _
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1 Se se PRON Pron Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 8 nsubj:cop _ _
2 oli olla AUX V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 8 cop _ _
3 puhdas puhdas ADJ A Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 8 amod _ SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT Punct _ 5 punct _ _
5 koskematon koskematon ADJ A Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 3 conj 8:amod _
6 ja ja CCONJ C _ 7 cc _ _
7 viaton viaton ADJ A Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 3 conj 8:amod _
8 metsä metsä NOUN N Case=Nom|Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
9 . . PUNCT Punct _ 8 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish-FTB)
This relation is universal.
4222 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as cc.
4192 instances of cc (99%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.00023685457129.
The following 13 pairs of parts of speech are connected with cc: fi-pos/VERB-fi-pos/CCONJ (1842; 44% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/CCONJ (1342; 32% instances), fi-pos/ADJ-fi-pos/CCONJ (442; 10% instances), fi-pos/PROPN-fi-pos/CCONJ (282; 7% instances), fi-pos/ADV-fi-pos/CCONJ (124; 3% instances), fi-pos/PRON-fi-pos/CCONJ (109; 3% instances), fi-pos/NUM-fi-pos/CCONJ (45; 1% instances), fi-pos/ADP-fi-pos/CCONJ (11; 0% instances), fi-pos/PART-fi-pos/CCONJ (10; 0% instances), fi-pos/SCONJ-fi-pos/CCONJ (8; 0% instances), fi-pos/X-fi-pos/CCONJ (4; 0% instances), fi-pos/INTJ-fi-pos/CCONJ (2; 0% instances), fi-pos/X-fi-pos/X (1; 0% instances).
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1 Riki riki PROPN N,Prop,Sg,Nom Case=Nom|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _
2 alkoi alkaa VERB V,Act,Ind,Past,Sg3 Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 3 aux _ _
3 kantaa kantaa VERB V,Act,InfA,Lat Case=Lat|InfForm=1|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
4 laukkuja laukku NOUN N,Pl,Par Case=Par|Number=Plur 3 obj _ _
5 hissiin hissi NOUN N,Sg,Ill Case=Ill|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
6 ja ja CCONJ Pcle,CC _ 7 cc _ _
7 mahdutti mahduttaa VERB V,Act,Ind,Past,Sg3 Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 3 conj _ _
8 ne ne PRON Pron,Dem,Pl,Nom Case=Nom|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 7 obj _ _
9 autoonsa auto NOUN N,Sg,Ill,Px3 Case=Ill|Number=Sing|Person[psor]=3 7 nmod _ _
10 . . PUNCT Pun _ 9 punct _ _
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# visual-style 4 2 cc color:blue
1 Juoppoja juoppo NOUN N,Pl,Par Case=Par|Number=Plur 0 root _ _
2 ja ja CCONJ Pcle,CC _ 4 cc _ _
3 ajan aika NOUN N,Sg,Gen Case=Gen|Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _
4 tuhlareita tuhlari NOUN N,Pl,Par Case=Par|Number=Plur 1 conj _ _
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1 Duuman duuma PROPN N,Prop,Sg,Gen Case=Gen|Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _
2 kuohunta kuohunta NOUN N,Sg,Nom Case=Nom|Number=Sing 4 nsubj:cop _ _
3 olisi olla AUX V,Act,Cond,Sg3 Mood=Cnd|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 4 cop _ _
4 kiusallista kiusallinen ADJ A,Sg,Par Case=Par|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
5 , , PUNCT Pun _ 4 punct _ _
6 mutta mutta CCONJ Pcle,CC _ 9 cc _ _
7 ei ei AUX V,Neg,Act,Sg3 Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 9 cop _ _
8 vielä vielä PART Pcle _ 9 advmod _ _
9 vaarallista vaarallinen ADJ A,Sg,Par Case=Par|Number=Sing 4 conj _ _
10 . . PUNCT Pun _ 9 punct _ _
cc in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]