advcl: adverbial clause modifier
An adverbial subordinate clause (e.g. a clause answering the question why? How? Where? When? or a conditional, etc.), usually introduced by a subordinating conjunction or auxiliary (ⲉⲡⲉⲓⲇⲏ, ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ), or a circumstantial converter (ⲉ/ⲉⲣⲉ).
Example:
ⲉⲛⲉ/CONJ ⲟⲩ/DET ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ/NOUN ⲛⲁⲙⲉ/ADV ⲡⲉ/AUX ⲛⲉ/AUX ϥ/PRON ⲛⲁ/AUX ⲣ/VERB ϣⲟⲙⲧ/NUM ⲙ/ADP ⲫⲟⲛⲟⲥ/NOUN \n ...if he were truly a monk, would he have committed three murders?
advcl(ⲣ,ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ)
Rarely, we may also see a subordinate clause governed by a preposition, in which case the preposition is governed by the head of the clause and labeled mark, not case, even if there is also a second conjunction with a mark label.
Example:
ⲙⲛ/VERB ϣⲏⲣⲉ/NOUN ... ⲉⲧⲃⲉ/ADP ϫⲉ/CONJ ⲁ/AUX ⲩ/PRON ⲡⲱⲧ/VERB \n There are no children ... because (lit. for that) they have fled.
advcl(ⲙⲛ, ⲡⲱⲧ)
mark(ⲡⲱⲧ, ⲉⲧⲃⲉ)
mark(ⲡⲱⲧ, ϫⲉ)
This analysis keeps a parallel structure with a similar clause without the preposition (e.g. only with ϫⲉ to mean ‘because’).
Treebank Statistics (UD_Coptic)
This relation is universal.
251 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as advcl.
180 instances of advcl (72%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 8.19521912350598.
The following 14 pairs of parts of speech are connected with advcl: cop-pos/VERB-cop-pos/VERB (202; 80% instances), cop-pos/NOUN-cop-pos/VERB (20; 8% instances), cop-pos/VERB-cop-pos/NOUN (7; 3% instances), cop-pos/DET-cop-pos/VERB (6; 2% instances), cop-pos/VERB-cop-pos/PRON (4; 2% instances), cop-pos/VERB-cop-pos/AUX (2; 1% instances), cop-pos/VERB-cop-pos/CCONJ (2; 1% instances), cop-pos/VERB-cop-pos/PART (2; 1% instances), cop-pos/DET-cop-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), cop-pos/NOUN-cop-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), cop-pos/PRON-cop-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), cop-pos/PROPN-cop-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), cop-pos/VERB-cop-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), cop-pos/VERB-cop-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances).
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1 ⲛ ⲛ ADV NEG Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _
2 ⲥⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ PRON PPERS _ 4 nsubj _ _
3 ⲛⲁ ⲛⲁ AUX FUT _ 4 aux _ _
4 ϭⲙϭⲟⲙ ϭⲙϭⲟⲙ VERB V _ 0 root _ _
5 ⲅⲁⲣ ⲅⲁⲣ PART PTC _ 4 advmod _ _
6 ⲁⲛ ⲁⲛ ADV NEG Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _
7 ⲉ ⲉ ADP PREP _ 8 aux _ _
8 ⲣϩⲙϩⲁⲗ ⲣϩⲙϩⲁⲗ VERB V _ 4 xcomp _ _
9 ⲛⲁ ⲛⲁ ADP PREP _ 10 case _ _
10 ⲕ ⲛⲧⲟⲕ PRON PPERO _ 8 obl _ _
11 , , PUNCT PUNCT _ 4 punct _ _
12 ⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ AUX ACONJ _ 14 aux _ _
13 ⲥⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ PRON PPERS _ 14 nsubj _ _
14 ⲣϩⲙϩⲁⲗ ⲣϩⲙϩⲁⲗ VERB V _ 4 advcl _ _
15 ⲛ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 17 case _ _
16 ⲛ ⲡ DET ART _ 17 det _ _
17 ⲣⲉϥϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛⲥ ⲣⲉϥϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛⲥ NOUN N _ 14 obl _ _
18 , , PUNCT PUNCT _ 4 punct _ _
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1 ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲱ CCONJ CONJ _ 2 cc _ _
2 ⲡⲉϫⲁ ⲡⲉϫⲉ VERB VBD _ 0 root _ _
3 ϥ ⲛⲧⲟϥ PRON PPERS _ 2 nsubj _ _
4 ⲙ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 6 case _ _
5 ⲡ ⲡ DET ART _ 6 det _ _
6 ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲣⲱⲙⲉ NOUN N _ 2 obl _ _
7 ⲉⲣⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ SCONJ CCIRC _ 10 mark _ _
8 ⲧⲉϥ ⲡⲉϥ DET PPOS _ 9 det _ _
9 ϭⲓϫ ϭⲓϫ NOUN N _ 10 nsubj _ _
10 ⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧ ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ VERB VSTAT _ 6 advcl _ _
11 ϫⲉ ϫⲉ CCONJ CONJ _ 12 mark _ _
12 ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ VERB V _ 2 ccomp _ _
13 ⲅ ⲛⲧⲟⲕ PRON PPERS _ 12 obj _ _
14 ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲓ VERB VIMP _ 12 parataxis _ _
15 ⲉ ⲉ ADP PREP _ 17 case _ _
16 ⲧ ⲡ DET ART _ 17 det _ _
17 ⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲙⲏⲧⲉ NOUN N _ 14 obl _ _
18 . . PUNCT PUNCT _ 2 punct _ _
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1 ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲱ CCONJ CONJ _ 4 cc _ _
2 ⲁ ⲁ AUX APST _ 4 aux _ _
3 ϥ ⲛⲧⲟϥ PRON PPERS _ 4 nsubj _ _
4 ⲥⲉⲡⲥⲱⲡ ⲥⲟⲡⲥⲡ VERB V _ 0 root _ _
5 ϥ ⲛⲧⲟϥ PRON PPERO _ 4 obj _ _
6 ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ ADV ADV _ 4 advmod _ _
7 ⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ SCONJ CCIRC _ 9 mark _ _
8 ϥ ⲛⲧⲟϥ PRON PPERS _ 9 nsubj _ _
9 ϫⲱ ϫⲱ VERB V _ 4 advcl _ _
10 ⲙⲙⲟ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 11 case _ _
11 ⲥ ⲛⲧⲟⲥ PRON PPERO _ 9 obj _ _
12 ϫⲉ ϫⲉ CCONJ CONJ _ 15 mark _ _
13 ⲧⲁ ⲡⲁ DET PPOS _ 14 det _ _
14 ϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ NOUN N _ 15 nsubj _ _
15 ⲙⲟⲕϩ ⲙⲕⲁϩ VERB VSTAT _ 9 ccomp _ _
16 ⲛ ⲛ ADP PREP _ 17 case _ _
17 ϣⲱⲛⲉ ϣⲱⲛⲉ VERB V _ 15 obl _ _
18 ϫⲉⲕⲁⲁⲥ ϫⲉⲕⲁⲁⲥ CCONJ CONJ _ 21 mark _ _
19 ϭⲉ ϭⲉ PART PTC _ 21 advmod _ _
20 ⲉⲕⲉ ⲉⲕⲉ PRON AOPT_PPERS _ 21 nsubj _ _
21 ⲉⲓ ⲉⲓ VERB V _ 15 advcl _ _
22 ⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ AUX ACONJ _ 24 aux _ _
23 ⲅ ⲛⲧⲟⲕ PRON PPERS _ 24 nsubj _ _
24 ⲕⲁ ⲕⲱ VERB V _ 21 advcl _ _
25 ⲧⲟⲟⲧ ⲧⲱⲣⲉ NOUN N _ 24 obj _ _
26 ⲕ ⲛⲧⲟⲕ PRON PPERO _ 25 det _ _
27 ϩⲓϫⲱ ϩⲓϫⲛ ADP PREP _ 28 case _ _
28 ⲥ ⲛⲧⲟⲥ PRON PPERO _ 24 obl _ _
29 ϫⲉ ϫⲉ CCONJ CONJ _ 32 mark _ _
30 ⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ PART CFOC _ 32 mark _ _
31 ⲥ ⲛⲧⲟⲥ PRON PPERS _ 32 nsubj _ _
32 ⲉⲗⲟ ⲉⲗⲟ VERB V _ 24 advcl _ _
33 ⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ AUX ACONJ _ 35 aux _ _
34 ⲥ ⲛⲧⲟⲥ PRON PPERO _ 35 nsubj _ _
35 ⲱⲛϩ ⲱⲛϩ NOUN N _ 32 advcl _ _
advcl in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]