Degree: degree of comparison
Description
Degree of comparison is a feature of adjectives, some adverbs, and verbs in participle form. Comparative suffixes can sometimes be used with common nouns as well. Typically there are three degrees of comparison: positive or first, comparative or second and superlative or third degree. Some descriptions include exaggerative degrees, e.g. [hu] legeslegjobb “better than best”, however it is commonly treated as derivation, compounding or just separate lexemes and appears typically in very limited situations.
Pos: Positive or first degree
Positive degree is the neutral, typically unmarked form.
Positive examples
- [fi] kaunis “pretty”, nopeasti “fast”, kauas “far”
# sentence-text: Pientä painostusta ilmassa, jos nyt rehellisiä ollaan.
1 Pientä pieni ADJ A Case=Par|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 2 amod _ _
2 painostusta painostus NOUN N Case=Par|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
3 ilmassa ilma NOUN N Case=Ine|Number=Sing 2 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT Punct _ 7 punct _ _
5 jos jos SCONJ C _ 7 mark _ _
6 nyt nyt ADV Adv _ 7 advmod _ _
7 rehellisiä rehellinen ADJ A Case=Par|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur 2 advcl _ _
8 ollaan olla VERB V Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass 7 cop _ SpaceAfter=No
9 . . PUNCT Punct _ 2 punct _ _
Cmp: Comparative or second degree
Comparative is used for comparison or comparable qualities.
Comparative examples
- [fi] kauniimpi “prettier”, nopeammin “faster”, kauemmas “further”
- [fi] ranta (noun) “a beach”, rannemmas “further towards / into a beach”
# sentence-text: Toivottavasti se on parempi kuin eilinen mahalasku.
1 Toivottavasti toivottavasti ADV Adv _ 4 advmod _ _
2 se se PRON Pron Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 nsubj:cop _ _
3 on olla VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 4 cop
_ _
4 parempi hyvä ADJ A Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
5 kuin kuin SCONJ C _ 7 mark _ _
6 eilinen eilinen ADJ A Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 7 amod _ _
7 mahalasku maha#lasku NOUN N Case=Nom|Number=Sing 4 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No
8 . . PUNCT Punct _ 4 punct _ _
Sup: Superlative or third degree
Superlative is used for ultimate within compared group quality.
Superlative examples
- [fi] kaunein “prettiest”, nopeimmin (or nopeiten) “fastest”, kauimmas “furthest”
# sentence-text: Joulun suurin tarkoitus on muistuttaa meitä suurimmasta rakkaudesta.
1 Joulun joulu NOUN N Case=Gen|Number=Sing 2 nmod:poss _ _
2 suurin suuri ADJ A Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Number=Sing 3 amod _ _
3 tarkoitus tarkoitus NOUN N Case=Nom|Number=Sing 5 nsubj:cop _ _
4 on olla VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 5 cop
_ _
5 muistuttaa muistuttaa VERB V InfForm=1|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act 0 root
_ _
6 meitä minä PRON Pron Case=Par|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 dobj _ _
7 suurimmasta suuri ADJ A Case=Ela|Degree=Sup|Number=Sing 8 amod _ _
8 rakkaudesta rakkaus NOUN N Case=Ela|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
9 . . PUNCT Punct _ 5 punct _ _
Degree in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]