home zh/dep edit page issue tracker

This page pertains to UD version 2.

dep: unspecified dependency

A dependency can be labeled as dep when it is impossible to determine a more precise relation. This may be because of a weird grammatical construction, or a limitation in conversion or parsing software. The use of dep should be avoided as much as possible.


Treebank Statistics (UD_Chinese)

This relation is universal.

2365 nodes (2%) are attached to their parents as dep.

2301 instances of dep (97%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 14.9369978858351.

The following 52 pairs of parts of speech are connected with dep: zh-pos/VERB-zh-pos/VERB (1321; 56% instances), zh-pos/VERB-zh-pos/NOUN (186; 8% instances), zh-pos/NOUN-zh-pos/NOUN (159; 7% instances), zh-pos/NOUN-zh-pos/VERB (140; 6% instances), zh-pos/VERB-zh-pos/ADJ (108; 5% instances), zh-pos/ADJ-zh-pos/VERB (69; 3% instances), zh-pos/ADJ-zh-pos/ADJ (41; 2% instances), zh-pos/VERB-zh-pos/PART (35; 1% instances), zh-pos/PART-zh-pos/VERB (31; 1% instances), zh-pos/PROPN-zh-pos/VERB (26; 1% instances), zh-pos/NUM-zh-pos/NOUN (24; 1% instances), zh-pos/NUM-zh-pos/VERB (23; 1% instances), zh-pos/VERB-zh-pos/X (21; 1% instances), zh-pos/NOUN-zh-pos/ADJ (17; 1% instances), zh-pos/PART-zh-pos/NOUN (17; 1% instances), zh-pos/VERB-zh-pos/PROPN (16; 1% instances), zh-pos/NOUN-zh-pos/PART (14; 1% instances), zh-pos/PART-zh-pos/PART (13; 1% instances), zh-pos/ADJ-zh-pos/NOUN (12; 1% instances), zh-pos/NUM-zh-pos/NUM (10; 0% instances), zh-pos/PROPN-zh-pos/NOUN (10; 0% instances), zh-pos/ADP-zh-pos/VERB (7; 0% instances), zh-pos/NOUN-zh-pos/NUM (6; 0% instances), zh-pos/X-zh-pos/VERB (6; 0% instances), zh-pos/NOUN-zh-pos/PROPN (5; 0% instances), zh-pos/NOUN-zh-pos/X (5; 0% instances), zh-pos/X-zh-pos/PART (5; 0% instances), zh-pos/VERB-zh-pos/NUM (4; 0% instances), zh-pos/NUM-zh-pos/PART (3; 0% instances), zh-pos/VERB-zh-pos/ADP (3; 0% instances), zh-pos/ADJ-zh-pos/PART (2; 0% instances), zh-pos/NUM-zh-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), zh-pos/NUM-zh-pos/X (2; 0% instances), zh-pos/PRON-zh-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), zh-pos/PROPN-zh-pos/NUM (2; 0% instances), zh-pos/PROPN-zh-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), zh-pos/ADJ-zh-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/ADJ-zh-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/ADJ-zh-pos/X (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/ADP-zh-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/ADP-zh-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/ADV-zh-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/AUX-zh-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/PART-zh-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/PART-zh-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/PRON-zh-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/PROPN-zh-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/PROPN-zh-pos/PUNCT (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/VERB-zh-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/VERB-zh-pos/AUX (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/X-zh-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), zh-pos/X-zh-pos/X (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 6	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6	fgColor:white
# visual-style 18	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 18	fgColor:white
# visual-style 18 6 dep	color:blue
1	數百萬	數百萬	NUM	CD	NumType=Card	4	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	的	的	PART	DEC	Case=Gen	1	case:dec	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	巧克力	巧克力	NOUN	NN	_	4	case:suff	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	棒	棒	PART	SFN	_	6	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	被	被	VERB	BB	Voice=Pass	6	aux:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	撤下	撤下	VERB	VV	_	18	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	櫃檯	櫃檯	NOUN	NN	_	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	而	而	ADV	RB	_	12	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	瑪氏	瑪氏	PROPN	NNP	_	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	則	則	ADV	RB	_	12	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	中斷	中斷	VERB	VV	_	18	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	了	了	PART	AS	Aspect=Perf	12	case:aspect	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	生產	生產	NOUN	NN	_	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	公司	公司	NOUN	NN	_	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	損失	損失	NOUN	NN	_	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	達	達	VERB	VV	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	四百五十萬	四百五十萬	NUM	CD	NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	美	美	PROPN	NNP	_	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	元	元	NOUN	NNB	_	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No

# visual-style 12	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 12	fgColor:white
# visual-style 15	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 15	fgColor:white
# visual-style 15 12 dep	color:blue
1	動作	動作	NOUN	NN	_	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	冒險	冒險	NOUN	NN	_	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	遊戲	遊戲	NOUN	NN	_	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	(	(	PUNCT	(	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	A-AVG	A-AVG	X	FW	_	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	)	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	是	是	AUX	VC	_	12	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	冒險	冒險	NOUN	NN	_	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	遊戲	遊戲	NOUN	NN	_	12	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	的	的	PART	DEC	Case=Gen	10	case:dec	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	分支	分支	NOUN	NN	_	15	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	它	它	PRON	PRP	Person=3	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	融合	融合	VERB	VV	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	了	了	PART	AS	Aspect=Perf	15	case:aspect	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	動作	動作	NOUN	NN	_	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	遊戲	遊戲	NOUN	NN	_	21	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	的	的	PART	DEC	Case=Gen	18	case:dec	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	一些	一些	ADJ	JJ	_	21	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	特徵	特徵	NOUN	NN	_	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No

# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 18	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 18	fgColor:white
# visual-style 18 4 dep	color:blue
1	總	總	PART	PFA	_	2	case:pref	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	面積	面積	NOUN	NN	_	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	24.44	24.44	NUM	CD	NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	平方公里	平方公里	NOUN	NNB	_	18	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	人口	人口	NOUN	NN	_	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	3108	3108	NUM	CD	NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	人	人	NOUN	NN	_	18	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	人口	人口	NOUN	NN	_	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	密度	密度	NOUN	NN	_	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	127.2	127.2	NUM	CD	NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	人	人	NOUN	NN	_	18	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	/	/	SYM	/	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	平方公里	平方公里	NOUN	NNB	_	13	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	(	(	PUNCT	(	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	2009	2009	NUM	CD	NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	年	年	NOUN	NNB	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	)	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No


dep in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [u] [ug] [uk] [ur] [urj] [vi] [yue] [zh]