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PROPN: proper noun

A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object.

Acronyms of proper nouns, such as EU and YK, should be tagged PROPN.

Examples

• [fi] Aapo, Anna (male/female first name)
• Turku (city name)
• EU, YK “EU, UN”

References

• http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=596 (in Finnish)

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)

There are 4333 PROPN lemmas (17%), 5550 PROPN types (11%) and 11004 PROPN tokens (6%). Out of 15 observed tags, the rank of PROPN is: 2 in number of lemmas, 4 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PROPN lemmas: Eurooppa, Suomi, Turku, EU, Helsinki, Yhdysvallat, the, Venäjä, Mithridates, Kiina

The 10 most frequent PROPN types: euroopan, Turun, suomen, EU:n, Suomessa, the, Helsingin, Mithridates, Yhdysvaltain, Kiinan

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: KTM (PROPN 17, NOUN 1), and (PROPN 10, X 3), in (PROPN 7, X 1), kokoomus (NOUN 8, PROPN 1), on (PROPN 4, ADV 1, X 1), a (NOUN 30, X 3, PROPN 1), n (PROPN 7, NOUN 6, NUM 1), you (PROPN 1, X 1), 581 (PROPN 6, NUM 2), i (NOUN 1, PROPN 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: suomen (NOUN 6, PROPN 2), Ranskan (PROPN 21, NOUN 1), KTM (PROPN 12, NOUN 1), Te (PROPN 10, PRON 1), and (PROPN 10, X 3), in (PROPN 6, X 1), on (AUX 3364, VERB 79, PROPN 4, ADV 1), a (NOUN 30, X 3, PROPN 1), Englannin (PROPN 7, ADJ 1), Kai (PROPN 7, ADV 4)

• suomen
  • NOUN 6: Mikael Agricolan patsaalla perehdytään suomen kirjakielen syntyyn .
  • PROPN 2: Tuohimaa on saavuttanut lyhyellä urallaan myös kaksi suomen mestaruutta .
• Ranskan
  • PROPN 21: Ranskan AAA uhattuna ?
  • NOUN 1: Ranskan tunnit on aina pidetty täällä .
• KTM
  • PROPN 12: KTM jaettiin kolmeen yhtiöön :
  • NOUN 1: Gradun olivat ohjanneet professori Markus Granlund ja KTM Ulla-Maija Lakka .
• Te
  • PROPN 10: Te Rauparaha ( ~ 1760 - 1849 ) oli Ngāti Toa maoriheimon johtaja .
  • PRON 1: Te saatte taputtaa , tai oikeastaan , me pyydämme , että te taputtaisitte !
• and
  • PROPN 10: Wilsonin sooloalbumi Love and Youth julkaistiin Ruotsissa 2005 .
  • X 3: Illan pääesiintyjä oli jouluna paluunsa ilmoittanut death and roll -yhtye Deuteronomium .
• in
  • PROPN 6: Nuoriso ylisti kiekkoleijonia laulamalla ruotsiksi Den glider in .
  • X 1: 2. Kirjoita viaksi “ I can’t find myself in search ”
• on
  • AUX 3364: Tähän ei voi sanoa muuta kuin , että : “ Jari on mun poikaystävä ! ”
  • VERB 79: On se jo kuitenkin parempi kuin toissapäivänä , joten toivoa on .
  • PROPN 4: Delta on the Road FysikerFest 2009
  • ADV 1: Hyvä on , liioittelen vähän : minulle riittäisi murto-osa kaikesta Chinaskin juomasta viinasta ; jos joisin yhtenäkin iltana yhtä paljon kuin hän , olisi vatsahuuhtelussa ja teholla alkoholimyrkytyksestä .
• a
  • NOUN 30: ” 3 a artikla
  • X 3: It’s a fact .
  • PROPN 1: Eilisellä yökyläreissulla katsoimme ystäväni kanssa aivan mahtavan animaation nimeltään Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs .
• Englannin
  • PROPN 7: Toisen kierroksen puhutuin ottelu käytiin kuitenkin Argentiinan ja Englannin välillä .
  • ADJ 1: Englannin - , ranskan- , saksan- , venäjän - ja espanjankielisistä kirjallisuuksista olemme ruotsalaisten tavoin erittäin kiinnostuneita .
• Kai
  • PROPN 7: Kai Mäkelä on mm. Alma Median ja Tallentumin omistaja .
  • ADV 4: Kai niillä oli jokin merkitys ekolokerossaan .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PROPN is 1.280868 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.037154).

The 1st highest number of forms (12) was observed with the lemma “Suomi”: SUOMI, Suomassa, Suomeen, Suomelle, Suomenkaan, Suomessa, Suomessakin, Suomesta, Suomi, Suomikin, suomea, suomen.

The 2nd highest number of forms (9) was observed with the lemma “Eurooppa”: Euroopalle, Euroopan-, Euroopassa, Euroopasta, Eurooppa, Eurooppaa, Eurooppaan, Eurooppamme, euroopan.

The 3rd highest number of forms (8) was observed with the lemma “EU”: EU, EU:, EU:N, EU:lle, EU:n, EU:ssa, EU:sta, EU:ta.

PROPN occurs with 9 features: fi-feat/Number (9557; 87% instances), fi-feat/Case (9555; 87% instances), fi-feat/Abbr (263; 2% instances), fi-feat/Typo (30; 0% instances), fi-feat/Clitic (22; 0% instances), fi-feat/Person[psor] (8; 0% instances), fi-feat/Style (6; 0% instances), fi-feat/Number[psor] (5; 0% instances), fi-feat/Degree (1; 0% instances)

PROPN occurs with 28 feature-value pairs: Abbr=Yes, Case=Abl, Case=Ade, Case=All, Case=Com, Case=Ela, Case=Ess, Case=Gen, Case=Ill, Case=Ine, Case=Ins, Case=Nom, Case=Par, Case=Tra, Clitic=Han, Clitic=Kaan, Clitic=Kin, Clitic=Ko, Degree=Pos, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur, Number[psor]=Sing, Person[psor]=1, Person[psor]=2, Person[psor]=3, Style=Coll, Typo=Yes

PROPN occurs with 65 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Number=Sing (4098 tokens). Examples: Mithridates, Eurooppa, Kaijasilta, Mårten, Pekka, Suomi, Simonides, Theron, Juho, Turku

Relations

PROPN nodes are attached to their parents using 25 different relations: fi-dep/nmod:poss (2619; 24% instances), fi-dep/flat:name (2283; 21% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (1823; 17% instances), fi-dep/obl (1134; 10% instances), fi-dep/conj (926; 8% instances), fi-dep/appos (447; 4% instances), fi-dep/nmod (410; 4% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (363; 3% instances), fi-dep/obj (324; 3% instances), fi-dep/root (238; 2% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (195; 2% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gsubj (87; 1% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gobj (50; 0% instances), fi-dep/vocative (22; 0% instances), fi-dep/advcl (19; 0% instances), fi-dep/orphan (14; 0% instances), fi-dep/acl:relcl (12; 0% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (8; 0% instances), fi-dep/goeswith (8; 0% instances), fi-dep/parataxis (8; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp:ds (6; 0% instances), fi-dep/amod (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/csubj (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/nummod (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PROPN nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: NOUN (3805; 35% instances), PROPN (3361; 31% instances), VERB (3246; 29% instances), ROOT (238; 2% instances), ADJ (215; 2% instances), PRON (45; 0% instances), ADV (43; 0% instances), NUM (23; 0% instances), PUNCT (10; 0% instances), X (10; 0% instances), SYM (3; 0% instances), ADP (2; 0% instances), CCONJ (2; 0% instances), AUX (1; 0% instances)

7021 (64%) PROPN nodes are leaves.

1976 (18%) PROPN nodes have one child.

1119 (10%) PROPN nodes have two children.

888 (8%) PROPN nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PROPN node is 33.

Children of PROPN nodes are attached using 34 different relations: fi-dep/flat:name (2395; 30% instances), fi-dep/punct (1124; 14% instances), fi-dep/conj (956; 12% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (679; 9% instances), fi-dep/cc (552; 7% instances), fi-dep/case (277; 4% instances), fi-dep/advmod (258; 3% instances), fi-dep/nmod (218; 3% instances), fi-dep/appos (206; 3% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (175; 2% instances), fi-dep/acl (173; 2% instances), fi-dep/amod (168; 2% instances), fi-dep/nmod:poss (149; 2% instances), fi-dep/cop (139; 2% instances), fi-dep/acl:relcl (105; 1% instances), fi-dep/obl (58; 1% instances), fi-dep/parataxis (44; 1% instances), fi-dep/nummod (41; 1% instances), fi-dep/det (29; 0% instances), fi-dep/cop:own (26; 0% instances), fi-dep/mark (26; 0% instances), fi-dep/_ (17; 0% instances), fi-dep/cc:preconj (16; 0% instances), fi-dep/aux (15; 0% instances), fi-dep/orphan (11; 0% instances), fi-dep/advcl (8; 0% instances), fi-dep/flat (8; 0% instances), fi-dep/goeswith (8; 0% instances), fi-dep/discourse (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/vocative (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/root (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gsubj (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/obj (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp:ds (1; 0% instances)

Children of PROPN nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: PROPN (3344; 42% instances), NOUN (1222; 15% instances), PUNCT (1153; 15% instances), CCONJ (559; 7% instances), VERB (329; 4% instances), ADP (272; 3% instances), ADV (272; 3% instances), ADJ (268; 3% instances), AUX (180; 2% instances), NUM (145; 2% instances), PRON (71; 1% instances), SCONJ (26; 0% instances), SYM (26; 0% instances), X (24; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish-FTB)

There are 2889 PROPN lemmas (14%), 3785 PROPN types (9%) and 6093 PROPN tokens (4%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of PROPN is: 2 in number of lemmas, 4 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PROPN lemmas: suomi, helsinki, maija, eurooppa, ruotsi, tampere, mikko, venäjä, ranska, anna

The 10 most frequent PROPN types: Suomen, Suomi, suomessa, Helsingin, Maija, Mikko, Euroopan, Anna, Suomeen, Helsingissä

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: suomi (PROPN 288, NOUN 23), ruotsi (PROPN 55, NOUN 4), venäjä (PROPN 35, NOUN 2), ranska (PROPN 32, NOUN 12), saksa (PROPN 22, NOUN 7), turku (PROPN 21, NOUN 1), viro (PROPN 15, NOUN 1), englanti (PROPN 12, NOUN 9), jussi (PROPN 12, NOUN 1), norja (PROPN 12, ADJ 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: Suomen (PROPN 110, NOUN 2), Anna (PROPN 26, VERB 10), New (PROPN 8, X 1), Lahden (PROPN 5, NOUN 1), Sanomien (PROPN 4, NOUN 3), Hirvi (PROPN 2, NOUN 1), Johan (PART 3, PROPN 2), Maan (PROPN 2, NOUN 1), Pankin (PROPN 2, NOUN 2), Sain (VERB 14, PROPN 2)

• Suomen
  • PROPN 110: ketkä kaksi Suomen presidenttiä
  • NOUN 2: Suomen kielen laitos Lehtonen
• Anna
  • PROPN 26: Anna ja Mikko ovat parhaat kaverukset
  • VERB 10: Anna minä yritän
• New
  • PROPN 8: Lontoo on Tokion ja New Yorkin aikavyöhykkeiden välissä .
  • X 1: Nykyisin hän lentää aina muutaman viikon väliajoin Bostonista Tokioon kahdeksi viikoksi johtamaan nuorta New Japan Philharmonic Orchestraa ja lisäksi johtaa aika ajoin Euroopassa .
• Lahden
  • PROPN 5: Lahden olympiahankkeen edustajat käyvät tänään Samaranchin juttusilla
  • NOUN 1: Lahden alapuolisella jokiosuudella
• Sanomien
  • PROPN 4: Hämäläinen sanoo lauantain Helsingin Sanomien haastattelussa , että –
  • NOUN 3: Sanomien päätuote , Helsingin Sanomat
• Hirvi
  • PROPN 2: Sen vuoksi kutsuttakoon häntä nimellä Hirvi .
  • NOUN 1: Hirvi kun ei valitettavasti lue liikennemerkkejä .
• Johan
  • PART 3: Johan nyt jotakin .
  • PROPN 2: Johan se on taktisestikin aivan typerää että ne ovat siellä täällä .
• Maan
  • PROPN 2: Planeettojen kaasukehässä on happea Maan lisäksi vain Marsilla ja Venuksella .
  • NOUN 1: Maan paras kuulantyöntäjätär halajaa olympiakisoihin .
• Pankin
  • PROPN 2: Merita Pankin uusi liikemerkki voisi olla vaikka reikäleipä , jos ei sitten myllynkivi .
  • NOUN 2: Pankin olisi ollut turha laajentua
• Sain
  • VERB 14: Sain enemmän kuin uskalsin toivoakaan .
  • PROPN 2: Laskeuduimme kumiplantaasille , josta jatkoimme Yoeune Sain kylään .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PROPN is 1.310142 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.026917).

The 1st highest number of forms (12) was observed with the lemma “suomi”: Suomea, Suomeen, Suomella, Suomelle, Suomen, Suomenkin, Suomessakin, Suomesta, Suomet, Suomi, Suomikin, suomessa.

The 2nd highest number of forms (9) was observed with the lemma “ruotsi”: Ruatsin, Ruatsis, Ruotsi, Ruotsia, Ruotsiin, Ruotsilla, Ruotsin, Ruotsissa, Ruotsista.

The 3rd highest number of forms (8) was observed with the lemma “tampere”: Tampere, Tampereella, Tampereelle, Tampereelta, Tampereen, Tampereeseen, Tampereesta, Tamperetta.

PROPN occurs with 7 features: fi-feat/Case (6093; 100% instances), fi-feat/Number (6093; 100% instances), fi-feat/Abbr (179; 3% instances), fi-feat/Clitic (49; 1% instances), fi-feat/Style (31; 1% instances), fi-feat/Person[psor] (10; 0% instances), fi-feat/Number[psor] (5; 0% instances)

PROPN occurs with 25 feature-value pairs: Abbr=Yes, Case=Abl, Case=Ade, Case=All, Case=Ela, Case=Ess, Case=Gen, Case=Ill, Case=Ine, Case=Nom, Case=Par, Case=Tra, Clitic=Han, Clitic=Kaan, Clitic=Kin, Clitic=Ko, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur, Number[psor]=Sing, Person[psor]=1, Person[psor]=2, Person[psor]=3, Style=Arch, Style=Coll

PROPN occurs with 73 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Number=Sing (2704 tokens). Examples: Suomi, Maija, Mikko, Anna, Pekka, matti, Lasse, Halonen, Lipponen, Mika

Relations

PROPN nodes are attached to their parents using 20 different relations: fi-dep/nmod (2739; 45% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (1456; 24% instances), fi-dep/flat (704; 12% instances), fi-dep/conj (371; 6% instances), fi-dep/obj (281; 5% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (224; 4% instances), fi-dep/root (146; 2% instances), fi-dep/vocative (58; 1% instances), fi-dep/nmod:own (40; 1% instances), fi-dep/advcl (36; 1% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (12; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gsubj (7; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gobj (6; 0% instances), fi-dep/nummod (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/amod (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/appos (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/acl (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/csubj:cop (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/goeswith (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PROPN nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: VERB (2831; 46% instances), NOUN (1683; 28% instances), PROPN (1153; 19% instances), ADJ (189; 3% instances), ROOT (146; 2% instances), PRON (46; 1% instances), ADV (24; 0% instances), X (9; 0% instances), DET (7; 0% instances), NUM (3; 0% instances), INTJ (2; 0% instances)

3800 (62%) PROPN nodes are leaves.

1429 (23%) PROPN nodes have one child.

567 (9%) PROPN nodes have two children.

297 (5%) PROPN nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PROPN node is 9.

Children of PROPN nodes are attached using 23 different relations: fi-dep/punct (850; 23% instances), fi-dep/flat (735; 20% instances), fi-dep/conj (410; 11% instances), fi-dep/cc (282; 8% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (243; 7% instances), fi-dep/nmod (236; 6% instances), fi-dep/case (204; 6% instances), fi-dep/amod (130; 4% instances), fi-dep/advmod (127; 3% instances), fi-dep/acl (118; 3% instances), fi-dep/det (76; 2% instances), fi-dep/mark (62; 2% instances), fi-dep/cop (59; 2% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (50; 1% instances), fi-dep/dep (22; 1% instances), fi-dep/nummod (19; 1% instances), fi-dep/aux (10; 0% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/advcl (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/csubj:cop (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/discourse (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/reparandum (1; 0% instances)

Children of PROPN nodes belong to 17 different parts of speech: PROPN (1153; 32% instances), PUNCT (850; 23% instances), NOUN (428; 12% instances), CCONJ (283; 8% instances), ADP (204; 6% instances), ADJ (138; 4% instances), VERB (134; 4% instances), PART (84; 2% instances), DET (77; 2% instances), ADV (73; 2% instances), AUX (59; 2% instances), PRON (58; 2% instances), SCONJ (44; 1% instances), NUM (29; 1% instances), X (18; 0% instances), SYM (7; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)

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PROPN in other languages: [am] [ar] [bg] [bxr] [ca] [ckb] [cop] [cs] [cu] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fo] [fr] [ga] [gl] [got] [grc] [he] [hi] [hr] [hu] [id] [it] [ja] [kk] [kmr] [ko] [la] [lv] [mr] [nl] [no] [pl] [pt] [ro] [ru] [sa] [sk] [sla] [sl] [so] [sr] [sv] [swl] [ta] [tr] [ug] [uk] [u] [urj] [ur] [vi] [yue] [zh]

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