fixed: multi-word expression
The multi-word expression (modifier) relation is one of the three relations (compound, mwe, name) for compounding. It is used for certain fixed grammaticized expressions that behave like function words or short adverbials. Any grammatical class can take part in a multiword expression, but usually they are a combination of adverbials and prepositions (usually a or di).
Some of the most common mwe for Italian are listed in the examples below.
Oltre a le tradizionali uniformi .
mwe(Oltre, a)
Grazie a la moglie .
mwe(Grazie, a)
Fino a Forlì .
mwe(Fino, a)
Vediamo prima di tutto i fatti .
mwe(prima, di)
Pur se .
mwe(Pur, se)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian)
This relation is universal.
946 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as fixed.
946 instances of fixed (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.05496828752643.
The following 45 pairs of parts of speech are connected with fixed: it-pos/ADV-it-pos/ADP (485; 51% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/ADP (143; 15% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/SCONJ (78; 8% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/ADV (55; 6% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/ADP (40; 4% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/SCONJ (30; 3% instances), it-pos/NUM-it-pos/NUM (17; 2% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/NOUN (11; 1% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/ADJ (6; 1% instances), it-pos/NUM-it-pos/X (6; 1% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/ADV (5; 1% instances), it-pos/PROPN-it-pos/ADP (5; 1% instances), it-pos/VERB-it-pos/NOUN (5; 1% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/PRON (4; 0% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/NOUN (4; 0% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/SCONJ (4; 0% instances), it-pos/PRON-it-pos/ADV (4; 0% instances), it-pos/SCONJ-it-pos/SCONJ (4; 0% instances), it-pos/VERB-it-pos/SCONJ (4; 0% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/DET (3; 0% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/CCONJ (3; 0% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/NOUN (2; 0% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), it-pos/PROPN-it-pos/NOUN (2; 0% instances), it-pos/SCONJ-it-pos/ADP (2; 0% instances), it-pos/SCONJ-it-pos/ADV (2; 0% instances), it-pos/ADJ-it-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), it-pos/ADJ-it-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), it-pos/ADJ-it-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), it-pos/CCONJ-it-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), it-pos/CCONJ-it-pos/CCONJ (1; 0% instances), it-pos/INTJ-it-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), it-pos/NUM-it-pos/SYM (1; 0% instances), it-pos/PRON-it-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), it-pos/PRON-it-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), it-pos/PRON-it-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), it-pos/PROPN-it-pos/CCONJ (1; 0% instances), it-pos/PUNCT-it-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), it-pos/VERB-it-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), it-pos/VERB-it-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), it-pos/VERB-it-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances).
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1 Vediamo vedere VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
2 prima prima ADV B _ 4 case _ _
3 di di ADP E _ 2 fixed _ _
4 tutto tutto PRON PI Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 1 obl _ _
5 i il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art 6 det _ _
6 fatti fatto NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 obj _ SpaceAfter=No
7 . . PUNCT FS _ 1 punct _ _
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1 Regge reggere VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
2 fino fino ADP E _ 5 case _ _
3 a a ADP E _ 2 fixed _ _
4 30.000 30.000 NUM N NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _
5 volte volta NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 1 obl _ _
6 la il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 8 det _ _
7 propria proprio DET AP Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 det:poss _ _
8 massa massa NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 obj _ SpaceAfter=No
9 . . PUNCT FS _ 1 punct _ _
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1 Ovunque ovunque ADV B _ 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT FF _ 4 punct _ _
3 ma ma CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _
4 meglio meglio ADV B _ 1 conj _ _
5 se se SCONJ CS _ 4 fixed _ _
6 in in ADP E _ 8 case _ _
7 un uno DET RI Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 8 det _ _
8 luogo luogo NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ _
9 silenzioso silenzioso ADJ A Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 amod _ _
10 e e CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _
11 ben bene ADV B _ 12 advmod _ _
12 aerato aerare VERB V Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 9 conj _ SpaceAfter=No
13 . . PUNCT FS _ 1 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian-ParTUT)
This relation is universal.
134 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as fixed.
134 instances of fixed (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.09701492537313.
The following 15 pairs of parts of speech are connected with fixed: it-pos/ADP-it-pos/ADP (81; 60% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/ADP (12; 9% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/ADV (7; 5% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/SCONJ (7; 5% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/ADP (7; 5% instances), it-pos/NUM-it-pos/X (5; 4% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/PRON (3; 2% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/DET (2; 1% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/NOUN (2; 1% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/SCONJ (2; 1% instances), it-pos/PROPN-it-pos/ADP (2; 1% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/CCONJ (1; 1% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/NOUN (1; 1% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/SCONJ (1; 1% instances), it-pos/VERB-it-pos/ADV (1; 1% instances).
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1 Laddove laddove SCONJ CS _ 7 mark _ _
2 diverse diverso DET DI Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind 3 det _ _
3 versioni versione NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _
4 di di ADP E _ 6 case _ _
5 un' uno DET RI Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 6 det _ SpaceAfter=No
6 opera opera NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
7 sopravvivono sopravvivere VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No
8 , , PUNCT FF _ 7 punct _ _
9 esse esso PRON PE Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _
10 differiscono differire VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
11 tra tra ADP E _ 13 case _ _
12 di di ADP E _ 11 fixed _ _
13 loro loro PRON PE Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ SpaceAfter=No
14 . . PUNCT FS _ 10 punct _ _
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1 L' il DET RD Definite=Def|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 2 det _ SpaceAfter=No
2 attacco attacco NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _
3 di di ADP E _ 4 case _ _
4 Greene Greene PROPN SP _ 2 nmod _ _
5 è essere AUX VA Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _
6 il il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 8 det _ _
7 primo primo ADJ NO Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|NumType=Ord 8 amod _ _
8 riferimento riferimento NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
9 giunto giungere VERB V Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 8 acl _ _
10 fino fino ADV B _ 12 case _ _
11 ad a ADP E _ 10 fixed _ _
12 oggi oggi ADV B _ 9 advmod _ _
13 riguardo riguardo ADP E _ 16 case _ _
14 a a ADP E _ 13 fixed _ _
15 la il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 16 det _ _
16 carriera carriera NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _
17 teatrale teatrale ADJ A Number=Sing 16 amod _ _
18 di di ADP E _ 19 case _ _
19 Shakespeare Shakespeare PROPN SP _ 16 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
20 . . PUNCT FS _ 8 punct _ _
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1 A a ADP E _ 3 case _ _
2 la il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 3 det _ _
3 fine fine NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT FF _ 3 punct _ _
5 però però ADV B _ 11 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No
6 , , PUNCT FF _ 5 punct _ _
7 questa questo DET DD Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 8 det _ _
8 codipendenza codipendenza NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 nsubj:pass _ _
9 si si PRON PC Clitic=Yes|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 expl _ _
10 è essere AUX VA Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux:pass _ _
11 rivelata rivelare VERB V Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _
12 un uno DET RI Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 13 det _ _
13 matrimonio matrimonio NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 xcomp _ _
14 di di ADP E _ 15 case _ _
15 convenienza convenienza NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _
16 più più ADV B _ 19 advmod _ _
17 che che SCONJ CS _ 16 fixed _ _
18 d' di ADP E _ 19 case _ SpaceAfter=No
19 amore amore NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
20 . . PUNCT FS _ 11 punct _ _
fixed in other languages: [u]