orphan: remnant in ellipsis
The orphan relation is used to provide a treatment of ellipsis (in
the case of gapping and stripping, where a predicational or verbal
head gets elided). In particular, orphan aims to provide analyses
that do not postulate empty nodes.
Maija meni Pariisiin ja Mirja Prahaan \n Maija went to Paris and Mirja to Prague
remnant(Maija, Mirja)
remnant(Pariisiin, Prahaan)
Diffs
FinnTreeBank (FI_FTB) does not apply the relation orphan.
Instead, in elliptical cases the relation conj has been
chosen to correspond to its correlate in a preceding clause.
Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)
This relation is universal.
276 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as orphan.
156 instances of orphan (57%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 3.09420289855072.
The following 47 pairs of parts of speech are connected with orphan: fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/NOUN (59; 21% instances), fi-pos/VERB-fi-pos/NOUN (31; 11% instances), fi-pos/NUM-fi-pos/NOUN (19; 7% instances), fi-pos/PROPN-fi-pos/NOUN (18; 7% instances), fi-pos/PRON-fi-pos/ADV (15; 5% instances), fi-pos/ADV-fi-pos/ADV (14; 5% instances), fi-pos/VERB-fi-pos/ADV (13; 5% instances), fi-pos/ADJ-fi-pos/NOUN (11; 4% instances), fi-pos/ADJ-fi-pos/ADV (7; 3% instances), fi-pos/CCONJ-fi-pos/NOUN (7; 3% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/ADV (7; 3% instances), fi-pos/PRON-fi-pos/NOUN (6; 2% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/ADJ (5; 2% instances), fi-pos/VERB-fi-pos/VERB (5; 2% instances), fi-pos/PROPN-fi-pos/PROPN (4; 1% instances), fi-pos/VERB-fi-pos/ADJ (4; 1% instances), fi-pos/ADV-fi-pos/NOUN (3; 1% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/NUM (3; 1% instances), fi-pos/NUM-fi-pos/PROPN (3; 1% instances), fi-pos/PROPN-fi-pos/ADV (3; 1% instances), fi-pos/PUNCT-fi-pos/ADV (3; 1% instances), fi-pos/VERB-fi-pos/PROPN (3; 1% instances), fi-pos/ADJ-fi-pos/PROPN (2; 1% instances), fi-pos/ADV-fi-pos/SCONJ (2; 1% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/VERB (2; 1% instances), fi-pos/NUM-fi-pos/ADV (2; 1% instances), fi-pos/PRON-fi-pos/PRON (2; 1% instances), fi-pos/PRON-fi-pos/SCONJ (2; 1% instances), fi-pos/PROPN-fi-pos/ADJ (2; 1% instances), fi-pos/SYM-fi-pos/NOUN (2; 1% instances), fi-pos/ADJ-fi-pos/INTJ (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/ADJ-fi-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/ADV-fi-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/ADV-fi-pos/INTJ (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/ADV-fi-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/AUX-fi-pos/AUX (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/CCONJ-fi-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/CCONJ-fi-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/AUX (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/CCONJ (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/NOUN-fi-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/PRON-fi-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/PUNCT-fi-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/VERB-fi-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), fi-pos/VERB-fi-pos/SYM (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 4 orphan color:blue
1 Punanen punainen ADJ A Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing|Style=Coll 2 amod _ _
2 kenttä kenttä NOUN N Case=Nom|Number=Sing 0 root 2.1:nsubj _
2.1 tulee tulla VERB _ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act _ _ _ _
3 tonne tonne ADV Adv _ 4 advmod _ _
4 päätyyn pääty NOUN N Case=Ill|Number=Sing 2 orphan 2.1:obl SpaceAfter=No
5 . . PUNCT Punct _ 2 punct 2.1:punct _
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 4 orphan color:blue
0.1 Laita laittaa VERB _ Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act _ _ _ _
1 Alku alku NOUN N Case=Nom|Number=Sing 0 root 0.1:obj _
2 ja ja CCONJ C _ 3 cc _ _
3 loppukohdat loppu#kohta NOUN N Case=Nom|Number=Plur 1 conj 0.1:obj _
4 pötkylän pötkylä NOUN N Case=Gen|Number=Sing 1 orphan 0.1:obl _
5 alle alle ADP Adp AdpType=Post 4 case _ SpaceAfter=No
6 , , PUNCT Punct _ 8 punct _ _
7 etteivät että#ei VERB V Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 8 mark _ _
8 aukea aueta VERB V Connegative=Yes|Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 orphan 0.1:advcl SpaceAfter=No
9 .. .. PUNCT Punct _ 1 punct 0.1:punct _
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8 fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 7 orphan color:blue
1 Vuodesta vuosi NOUN N Case=Ela|Number=Sing 3 obl _ _
2 on olla AUX V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 3 cop _ _
3 jäljellä jäljellä ADV Adv _ 0 root _ _
4 351 351 NUM Num NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _
5 päivää päivä NOUN N Case=Par|Number=Sing 3 nsubj:cop _ _
6 ( ( PUNCT Punct _ 8 punct 8.1:punct SpaceAfter=No
7 karkausvuonna karkaus#vuosi NOUN N Case=Ess|Number=Sing 8 orphan 8.1:obl _
8 352 352 NUM Num NumType=Card 3 conj 8.1:nsubj:cop SpaceAfter=No
8.1 jäljellä jäljellä ADV _ _ _ _ 3:conj _
9 ) ) PUNCT Punct _ 8 punct 8.1:punct SpaceAfter=No
10 . . PUNCT Punct _ 3 punct _ _
orphan in other languages: [u]