fixed: multi-word expression
The fixed multi-word expression relation is one of the
relations for compounding and it is intended mostly for function words.
In Czech it is used for multi-word prepositions.
The leftmost word is the head and all the other words are attached as its fixed modifiers.
Na rozdíl od tebe já se nemám zač stydět . \n In contrast to you I myself have-not of-what to-be-ashamed .
fixed(Na, rozdíl)
fixed(Na, od)
case(tebe, Na)
fixed(In, contrast)
fixed(In, to)
case(you, In)
Multi-word prepositions usually form a contiguous span of the sentence. In exceptional cases however, they can be interrupted by emphasizers and other words:
ve srovnání například s úvěry \n in comparison for-example to loans
fixed(ve, srovnání)
fixed(ve, s)
case(úvěry, ve)
advmod:emph(úvěry, například)
fixed(in, comparison)
fixed(in, to)
case(loans, in)
advmod:emph(loans, for-example)
Another type of interruption is caused by a possessive determiner. For instance, na základě něčeho “based on something” contains the multi-word preposition na základě “based on”, lit. on the-basis-of. This expression is etymologically a combination of a proper preposition na “on” and the noun základ “basis”; the argument něčeho “something” is in genitive. If the phrase na základě were not analyzed as a multi-word expression, we would have a normal genitive modification between two nominals: základ něčeho “basis of-something”. A genitive modifier can be substituted by a possessive determiner, and this is possible even within the partially frozen multi-word preposition, as with the relative possessive determiner in the following example:
zákon , na jehož základě byl zřízen fond \n law , on whose basis was created fund
nmod(zřízen, jehož)
nmod(created, whose)
case(jehož, na)
case(whose, on)
fixed(na, základě)
fixed(on, basis)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech)
This relation is universal.
3834 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as fixed.
3834 instances of fixed (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.19979134063641.
The following 21 pairs of parts of speech are connected with fixed: cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/NOUN (2054; 54% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/ADP (955; 25% instances), cs-pos/CCONJ-cs-pos/SCONJ (361; 9% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/ADP (296; 8% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/ADV (62; 2% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADP (38; 1% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/SCONJ (13; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/SCONJ (11; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/SCONJ (9; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/ADV (9; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/ADP (5; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/ADJ (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/SCONJ (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/DET-cs-pos/VERB (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/CCONJ (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/CCONJ-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 7 fixed color:blue
1 Počet počet NOUN NNIS1-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 5 nsubj _ _
2 pracovníků pracovník NOUN NNMP2-----A---- Animacy=Anim|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 1 nmod _ _
3 podniku podnik NOUN NNIS2-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 2 nmod _ _
4 zároveň zároveň ADV Db------------- _ 5 advmod _ _
5 klesl klesnout VERB VpYS---XR-AA--1 Aspect=Perf|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
6 v v ADP RR--6---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc 9 case _ LId=v-1
7 průběhu průběh NOUN NNIS6-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 6 fixed _ _
8 6 6 NUM C=------------- NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _
9 let rok NOUN NNNP2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 5 obl _ _
10 o o ADP RR--4---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Acc 11 case _ LId=o-1
11 šestinu šestina NUM CyFS4---------- Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|NumType=Frac 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No|LDeriv=še`6|LNumValue=6
12 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 5 punct _ _
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 7 fixed color:blue
1 To ten DET PDNS1---------- Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 nsubj _ _
2 znamená znamenat VERB VB-S---3P-AA--- Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 11 punct _ _
4 že že SCONJ J,------------- _ 11 mark _ _
5 ve v ADP RV--6---------- AdpType=Voc|Case=Loc 8 case _ LId=v-1
6 vztahu vztah NOUN NNIS6-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 5 fixed _ _
7 k k ADP RR--3---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Dat 5 fixed _ LId=k-1
8 občanům občan NOUN NNMP3-----A---- Animacy=Anim|Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 11 obl _ _
9 je být AUX VB-S---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 11 cop _ _
10 veřejným veřejný ADJ AAMS7----1A---- Animacy=Anim|Case=Ins|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 11 amod _ _
11 činitelem činitel NOUN NNMS7-----A---- Animacy=Anim|Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 2 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No
12 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 10 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 10 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9 fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 10 fixed color:blue
1 V v ADP RR--6---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc 2 case _ LId=v-1
2 bytě byt NOUN NNIS6-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 3 obl _ LGloss=(místo_k_bydlení)
3 máte mít VERB VB-P---2P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
4 příjemných příjemný ADJ AAIP2----1A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 6 amod _ LId=příjemný-1|LGloss=(všeob.,_poz._emoce)
5 24 24 NUM C=------------- NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 6 nummod:gov _ _
6 ° ° NOUN NNIP2-----A---8 Abbr=Yes|Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 3 obj _ LGloss=(stupeň)
7 C Celsius NOUN NNMXX-----A---8 Abbr=Yes|Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Polarity=Pos 6 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
8 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 12 punct _ _
9 i i CCONJ J^------------- _ 12 mark _ LId=i-1
10 když když SCONJ J,------------- _ 9 fixed _ _
11 venku venku ADV Db------------- _ 12 advmod _ _
12 mrzne mrznout VERB VB-S---3P-AA--- Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 3 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No
13 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 15 punct _ _
14 až až SCONJ J,------------- _ 15 mark _ LId=až-2|LGloss=(přijde,_až_to_dodělá)
15 praští praštět VERB VB-S---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 12 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No
16 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 3 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CAC)
This relation is universal.
2288 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as fixed.
2288 instances of fixed (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.17263986013986.
The following 24 pairs of parts of speech are connected with fixed: cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/NOUN (1318; 58% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/ADP (491; 21% instances), cs-pos/CCONJ-cs-pos/SCONJ (160; 7% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/ADP (128; 6% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/ADP (112; 5% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/ADP (19; 1% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/SCONJ (15; 1% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/ADV (14; 1% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/ADP (6; 0% instances), cs-pos/CCONJ-cs-pos/SYM (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/ADV (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/SYM (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/SCONJ (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/CCONJ-cs-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/CCONJ-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/CCONJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/PART (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 4 fixed color:blue
1 Úkol úkol NOUN NNIS1-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 2 nsubj:pass _ _
2 rozpracován rozpracovaný ADJ VsYS---XX-AP--- Aspect=Perf|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos|Variant=Short|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _
3 v v ADP RR--6---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc 5 case _ LId=v-1
4 rámci rámec NOUN NNIS6-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 3 fixed _ _
5 KRBu KRB PROPN NNIS2-----A---- Abbr=Yes|Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NameType=Com|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 2 obl _ SpaceAfter=No
6 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 3 fixed color:blue
1 Ve v ADP RV--6---------- AdpType=Voc|Case=Loc 4 case _ LId=v-1
2 spolupráci spolupráce NOUN NNFS6-----A---- Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 1 fixed _ _
3 s s ADP RR--7---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Ins 1 fixed _ LId=s-1
4 MZVŽ MZVŽ PROPN NNNXX-----A---8 Abbr=Yes|Gender=Neut|NameType=Com|Polarity=Pos 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No
5 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 6 punct _ _
6 SMS SMS PROPN NNFXX-----A---8 Abbr=Yes|Gender=Fem|NameType=Com|Polarity=Pos 4 conj _ SpaceAfter=No
7 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 8 punct _ _
8 ÚVSH ÚVSH PROPN NNIXX-----A---8 Abbr=Yes|Animacy=Inan|Gender=Masc|NameType=Com|Polarity=Pos 4 conj _ _
9 jsou být AUX VB-P---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 11 aux:pass _ _
10 úkoly úkol NOUN NNIP1-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 11 nsubj:pass _ _
11 zabezpečovány zabezpečovaný ADJ VsTP---XX-AP--- Animacy=Inan|Aspect=Imp|Gender=Fem,Masc|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos|Variant=Short|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
12 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 11 punct _ _
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 2 fixed color:blue
1 I i CCONJ J^------------- _ 3 mark _ LId=i-1
2 když když SCONJ J,------------- _ 1 fixed _ _
3 nejde jít VERB VB-S---3P-NA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
4 o o ADP RR--4---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Acc 5 case _ LId=o-1
5 čísla číslo NOUN NNNP4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 3 obj _ SpaceAfter=No
6 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 3 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CLTT)
This relation is universal.
218 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as fixed.
218 instances of fixed (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.1697247706422.
The following 4 pairs of parts of speech are connected with fixed: cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/NOUN (178; 82% instances), cs-pos/ADP-cs-pos/ADP (38; 17% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 5 fixed color:blue
1 Obdobně obdobně ADV Dg-------1A---- Degree=Pos|Polarity=Pos 3 advmod _ _
2 se se PRON P7-X4---------- Case=Acc|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Variant=Short 3 expl:pass _ _
3 postupuje postupovat VERB VB-S---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
4 v v ADP RR--6---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc 7 case _ LId=v-1
5 případě případ NOUN NNIS6-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 4 fixed _ _
6 technického technický ADJ AANS2----1A---- Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 7 amod _ _
7 zhodnocení zhodnocení NOUN NNNS2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No
8 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 3 punct _ _
# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 7 fixed color:blue
1 Spotřeba spotřeba NOUN NNFS1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 4 nsubj _ _
2 povolenek povolenka NOUN NNFP2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Polarity=Pos 1 nmod _ _
3 je být AUX VB-S---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 4 cop _ _
4 vykázána vykázat VERB VsQW---XX-AP--- Gender=Fem,Neut|Number=Plur,Sing|Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _
5 bez bez ADP RR--2---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Gen 10 case _ LId=bez-1
6 ohledu ohled NOUN NNIS2-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 5 fixed _ _
7 na na ADP RR--4---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Acc 5 fixed _ LId=na-1
8 jejich jeho DET PSXXXXP3------- Number[psor]=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 det _ _
9 následné následný ADJ AANS4----1A---- Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 10 amod _ _
10 vyřazení vyřazení NOUN NNNS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 4 punct _ _
# visual-style 19 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 19 fgColor:white
# visual-style 18 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 18 fgColor:white
# visual-style 18 19 fixed color:blue
1 (5) (5) PUNCT Z:------------- _ 11 punct _ _
2 Přestane-li Přestane-li NOUN NNNXX-----A---- Gender=Neut|Polarity=Pos 11 obl _ _
3 splňovat splňovat VERB Vf--------A---- Polarity=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 2 xcomp _ _
4 zajišťovací zajišťovací ADJ AAIS4----1A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 5 amod _ _
5 derivát derivát NOUN NNIS4-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 2 nsubj _ _
6 podmínky podmínka NOUN NNFS2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 3 obj _ _
7 podle podle ADP RR--2---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Gen 8 case _ LId=podle-2
8 odstavce odstavec NOUN NNIS2-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 6 nmod _ _
9 3 3 NUM C}------------- NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ SpaceAfter=No
10 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 2 punct _ _
11 účtuje účtovat VERB VB-S---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
12 se se PRON P7-X4---------- Case=Acc|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Variant=Short 11 expl:pass _ _
13 o o ADP RR--4---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Acc 14 case _ LId=o-1
14 něm německý ADJ AAXXX----1A---8 Abbr=Yes|Degree=Pos|Polarity=Pos 11 obj _ _
15 od od ADP RR--2---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Gen 17 case _ LId=od-1
16 tohoto tento DET PDZS2---------- Case=Gen|Gender=Masc,Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 17 det _ _
17 okamžiku okamžik NOUN NNIS2-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 11 obl _ _
18 jako jako SCONJ J,------------- _ 20 case _ _
19 o o ADP RR--6---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc 18 fixed _ LId=o-1
20 derivátu derivát NOUN NNIS6-----A---1 Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 14 xcomp _ _
21 k k ADP RR--3---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Dat 22 case _ LId=k-1
22 obchodování obchodování NOUN NNNS3-----A---- Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Pos 20 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
23 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 11 punct _ _
fixed in other languages: [u]